Ultrasonic Disintegration of Municipal Sludge: Fundamental Mechanisms, Process Intensification and Industrial Sono-Reactors.

Sludge disintegration is an environmental and industrial challenge that requires intensive research and technological development. Sludge has a complex structure with a high yield of various chemical and biological compounds. Anaerobic digestion is the most commonly used process for sludge disintegration to produce biogas, detoxify sludge, and generate biosolids that can be used in agriculture .

Green mechanochemical activation of solid persulfate to remove PAHs in soil: Performance and mechanism.

Due to the high biotoxicity and persistence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the remediation of PAHs-contaminated soil becomes an intractable problem. Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes are widely used to degrade PAHs in aquatic environment. However, they are not convenient for used in soil due to the heterogeneity and complexity of soil matrix.

Synergistic photogeneration of reactive oxygen species by Fe species self-deposited on resorcinol-formaldehyde towards the degradation of phenols under visible light.

In this study, a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst of Fe species/resorcinol-formaldehyde (Fe/RF) was synthesized in the degradation process of phenols under visible light in a homogeneous photo-Fenton system. The in situ generated HO by bare RF in the medium and the follow-added Fe can construct homogeneous photo-Fenton system, and Fe/RF heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst was formed after the reaction through Fe species self-deposition. Due to the addition of Fe, more hydroxyl radical (·OH) generated in the homogeneous Fenton system, which lead to the higher degradation efficiency of phenols that achieved 90.

Elaborating the Occurrence and Distribution of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Rivers and Sediment around a Typical Aging Landfill in China.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are bioaccumulative and widely distributed persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Understanding the distribution of and ecological risks posed by PFASs is critical, particularly for PFAS emissions and accumulation from a common urban pollution source. The transformation characteristics and ecological risks of PFASs from a typical aging municipal landfill leachate were systematically monitored and assessed over five years in this study.

A review: The formation, prevention, and remediation of acid mine drainage.

In abandoned open-pit coal mines, surface water and groundwater form acidic waters with high concentrations of metal ions due to chemical interactions with ores such as pyrite, and the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD) is one of the major sources of pollution of world concern. For this reason, this paper reviews the formation mechanisms and influencing factors of AMD. It also describes the prediction, prevention, and remediation techniques for AMD, identifying key research gaps.

Critical analysis on the transformation and upgrading strategy of Chinese municipal wastewater treatment plants: Towards sustainable water remediation and zero carbon emissions.

In the light of circular economy aspects, processing of large-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) needs reconsideration to limit the overuse of energy, implement of non-green technologies and emit abundant greenhouse gas. Along with the huge increase in the worldwide population and agro-industrial activities, global environmental organizations have issued several recent roles to boost scientific and industrial communities towards sustainable development. Over recent years, China has imposed national and regional standards to control and manage the discharged liquid and solid waste, as well as to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Valorization of lignocellulosic biomass into sustainable materials for adsorption and photocatalytic applications in water and air remediation.

An exponential rise in global pollution and industrialization has led to significant economic and environmental problems due to the insufficient application of green technology for the chemical industry and energy production. Nowadays, the scientific and environmental/industrial communities push to apply new sustainable ways and/or materials for energy/environmental applications through the so-called circular (bio)economy. One of today's hottest topics is primarily valorizing available lignocellulosic biomass wastes into valuable materials for energy or environmentally related applications.

Through converting the surface complex on TiO nanorods to generate superoxide and singlet oxygen to remove CN.

Cyanide (CN) is extensively used in the process of plating devices and for surface treatment in the electroplating industry and is extremely hazardous to humans and the environment. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) hold considerable promise for CN removal. However, the activity of sulfate radical and hydroxyl radical generated in the PMS activation process is low in the base condition, leading to a drop in its efficiency in CN removal.

Bioremediation of stainless steel pickling sludge through microbially induced carbonate precipitation.

In this study, microbial induce carbonate precipitation (MICP) was introduced to immobilize chromium (Cr) in stainless steel pickling sludge (SSPS). Two methods were utilized to conduct the MICP process - Bacteria lysis liquor (BLL)-based MICP and bacteria-based MICP. BLL was obtained by breaking the cell walls with ultrasonic treatment.

Composition of Formation Water and Natural Gas as an Indicator of Shale Gas Preservation Conditions: A Case Study of the Marine Shale of the Niutitang Formation in the Cengong Block in Northern Guizhou, China.

Shale gas (SG) wells in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in northern Guizhou differ considerably in their production capacities. Preservation conditions are a crucial factor affecting the formation of SG reservoirs. In this study, the formation water (FW) in four wells in northern Guizhou was analyzed to determine the type; the Cl/Mg, Ca/Mg, and Na/Cl coefficients ( , , and , respectively), and the coefficient of desulfurization ( ); the SG in these wells was tested to identify its composition and the sources of its components.

Efficient photochemical denitrification by UV/sulfite system: Mechanism and applications.

Denitrification is an effective strategy to control eutrophication caused by excessive nitrate in water. However, the comparatively low efficiency of nitrate removal and N selectivity remains a challenge in the denitrification process. Herein, this study proposed a novel photochemical denitrification process by introducing hydrated electron (e) to reduce nitrate in UV/sulfite system.

Recovery of iron from iron-rich pickling sludge for preparing P-doped polyferric chloride coagulant.

The pickling sludge produced from rolling process contains a large amount of Fe, Ca, Al as well as other metals. If these metals can be extracted and used, it will promote the recycling of pickling sludge. Herein, we proposed a two-step extraction method to extract Fe ions out from the pickling sludge, and then the extracted Fe was oxidized by HO and prepared into Fe-containing coagulant in the presence of NaHPO as stabilizer.

Environmental investigation of bio-modification of steel slag through microbially induced carbonate precipitation.

Steel slag (SS) is one of byproduct of steel manufacture industry. The environmental concerns of SS may limit their re-use in different applications. The goal of this study was to investigate the leaching behavior of metals from SS before and after treated by microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP).

Removal of COD, NH-N, and perfluorinated compounds from wastewater treatment plant effluent using ZnO-coated activated carbon.

This study investigated the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH-N, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using ZnO coated activated carbon (ZnO/AC). Results suggested that the optimal dosage of the ZnO/AC was 0.8 g/L within 240 min of contact time, at which the maximum removal efficiency of COD was approximately 86.

Photo-electrocatalytic degradation of cyclic volatile methyl siloxane by ZnO-coated aluminum anode: Optimal parameters, kinetics, and reaction pathways.

Cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (cVMSs) are widely used in industrial processes and consumer products, which have been reported to be potentially toxic to human health due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. In this study, a novel photo-catalytic zinc oxide (ZnO)-coated aluminum (ZnO@Al) anode was prepared by a facile hydrothermal epitaxial process for the purpose of degrading cVMSs in practical wastewater. Morphological data and compositional analysis showed a compact coating layer that had the characteristic peaks of ZnO.

Pb-Based Perovskite Solar Cells and the Underlying Pollution behind Clean Energy: Dynamic Leaching of Toxic Substances from Discarded Perovskite Solar Cells.

Toxicants like Pb in lead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) may become available to humans through leaching and transport through water, air, and soil. Here, we summarize the potential toxicity of different substances in PSCs and determine the leaching concentration of typical heavy metals used in PSCs through dynamic leaching tests (DLTs). Extraction fluids for the standard toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, synthetic precipitation leaching procedure, and deionized water were used as the DLT leaching solutions.

Chemical fixation of toxic metals in stainless steel pickling residue by NaS∙xHO, FeSO∙6HO and phosphoric acid for beneficial uses.

The leaching concentrations of different metals in stainless steel pickling residue (SSPR) were determined and the toxic metals were treated using NaS∙xHO, FeSO∙6HO, and phosphoric acid. A modified European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction was used to identify the speciation of the concerned metals. Results showed that SSPR contains a large amount of Ca (58.

Preparation of nitric acid modified powder activated carbon to remove trace amount of Ni(II) in aqueous solution.

The present study investigated the preparation of nitric acid modified powder activated carbon (MPAC) and its adsorption of trace amounts of Ni(II) from aqueous solution. Results showed that raw powder activated carbon modified with 15% nitric acid (MPAC-15%) had the most developed pore structure and the highest adsorption efficiency for Ni(II) in aqueous solution. For MPAC-15%, the pore width was dominated by micropores with pore width about 1 nm and the total amount of chemical functional groups of MPAC-15% was 0.

Characterization and chemical fixation of stainless steel pickling residue using sodium sulfide hydrate.

The stainless steel pickling residue (SSPR) produced from the stainless steel industries in China contains large amounts of heavy metals such as chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). The study found that the hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) was the primary contributor to the leaching of Cr in the toxicity character leaching test. A chemical fixation with sodium sulfide was used to treat the SSPR, and the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the process.

Adsorption-desorption and degradation of insecticides clothianidin and thiamethoxam in agricultural soils.

Studied were the adsorption-desorption and degradation of two widely used neonicotinoid insecticides clothianidin and thiamethoxam in three different agricultural soils in the state of Mississippi. The adsorptions of both the neonicotinoids fit a linear isotherm model. In different soils at different depths with different moisture contents, the adsorption distribution coefficients of clothianidin and thiamethoxam were found to be 0.

Removal of perfluorinated compounds in wastewater treatment plant effluents by electrochemical oxidation.

The presence of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the effluents of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Beijing was investigated in the current study. Perfluorooctanoate acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate were the predominant PFCs in wastewater, accounting for 19-27% and 18-31%, respectively. The concentrations of PFCs with long chains were much lower than those PFCs with short chains (≤C8).