Enhancement and mechanism of mechanical properties and functionalities of polyacrylamide/polyacrylic acid hydrogels by 1D and 2D nanocarbon.

Highly flexible hydrogels are widely used in fields such as agriculture, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. However, the simultaneous integration of excellent mechanical properties, swelling properties, and high electrical conductivity into a hydrogel is still a great challenge. This work introduces 1D tubular multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and 2D layered graphene oxide (GO) into polyacrylamide/poly-acrylic acid (PAM/PAA) hydrogels.

Highly Porous Co-Al Intermetallic Created by Thermal Explosion Using NaCl as a Space Retainer.

Co-Al porous materials were fabricated by thermal explosion (TE) reactions from Co and Al powders in a 1:1 ratio using NaCl as a space retainer. The effects of the NaCl content on the temperature profiles, phase structure, volume change, density, pore distribution and antioxidation behavior were investigated. The results showed that the sintered product of Co and Al powders was solely Co-Al intermetallic, while the final product was CoAl with an abundant Co phase and minor CoAl and Co-Al phases after added NaCl dissolved out, due to the high T and low T.

Calcium/strontium chloride impregnated zeolite A and X granules as optimized ammonia sorbents.

Calcium chloride (CaCl) impregnated zeolite A and strontium chloride (SrCl) impregnated zeolite A and X composite granules were evaluated as ammonia sorbents for automotive selective catalytic reduction systems. The SrCl-impregnated zeolite A granules showed a 14% increase in ammonia uptake capacity (8.39 mmol g) compared to zeolite A granules (7.

Desulfurization of Cu-Fe Alloy Obtained from Copper Slag and the Effect on Form of Copper in Alloy.

In order to realize the high-value utilization of copper slag, a process for preparing Cu-Fe alloy through the reduction of copper slag is proposed. The sulfur in the alloy exists in the form of matte inclusions, which is different from sulfur in molten iron. The reaction of CaO with CuS is difficult.

Effects of Oxygen Vacancies and Cation Valence States on the Triboelectric Property of Substoichiometric Oxide Films.

Temperature effects on the contact electrification (CE) is of great interest. Here, different kinds of substoichiometric oxide films, such as TiO, AlO, TaO, and CrO, are deposited and annealed at different temperatures, and the CE between the films and a Pt-coated tip is performed by using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). An intriguing finding is that the polarity on the TiO surface changes from negative to positive with the increase of the sample annealing temperature in air atmosphere.

Correction: A high-entropy B(HfMoTaTi)C and SiC ceramic composite.

Correction for 'A high-entropy B4(HfMo2TaTi)C and SiC ceramic composite' by Hanzhu Zhang et al., Dalton Trans., 2019, DOI: 10.

A high-entropy B(HfMoTaTi)C and SiC ceramic composite.

A multicomponent composite of refractory carbides, B4C, HfC, Mo2C, TaC, TiC and SiC, of rhombohedral, face-centered cubic (FCC) and hexagonal crystal structures is reported to form a single phase B4(HfMo2TaTi)C ceramic with SiC. The independent diffusion of the metal and nonmetal atoms led to a unique hexagonal lattice structure of the B4(HfMo2TaTi)C ceramic with alternating layers of metal atoms and C/B atoms. In addition, the classical differences in the crystal structures and lattice parameters among the utilized carbides were overcome.

Contact-Electrification between Two Identical Materials: Curvature Effect.

It is known that contact-electrification (or triboelectrification) usually occurs between two different materials, which could be explained by several models for different materials systems ( Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1706790; Adv.

Charge-Transfer Modeling and Polarization DRT Analysis of Proton Ceramics Fuel Cells Based on Mixed Conductive Electrolyte with the Modified Anode-Electrolyte Interface.

A charge-transfer model considering the mixed conductivities of proton, oxygen ion, and free electron in interface-modified LaCeO (LCO) electrolyte is designed to analyze the characteristics of proton ceramics fuel cell in the field of the open-circuit voltage, internal short-circuit current, proton-transfer number, discharging curves, oxygen/hydrogen partial pressure, and cell efficiencies. The properties of anode-supported single cells with the modified anode-electrolyte interface containing an in situ formed doped BaCeO reaction layer are compared to those of unmodified cells at various temperatures T and HO partial pressures. Besides, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopies of both cells were investigated by the relaxation time distribution to distinguish different polarization processes.

Raising the Working Temperature of a Triboelectric Nanogenerator by Quenching Down Electron Thermionic Emission in Contact-Electrification.

As previously demonstrated, contact-electrification (CE) is strongly dependent on temperature, however the highest temperature in which a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can still function is unknown. Here, by designing and preparing a rotating free-standing mode Ti/SiO TENG, the relationship between CE and temperature is revealed. It is found that the dominant deterring factor of CE at high temperatures is the electron thermionic emission.

On the Electron-Transfer Mechanism in the Contact-Electrification Effect.

A long debate on the charge identity and the associated mechanisms occurring in contact-electrification (CE) (or triboelectrification) has persisted for many decades, while a conclusive model has not yet been reached for explaining this phenomenon known for more than 2600 years! Here, a new method is reported to quantitatively investigate real-time charge transfer in CE via triboelectric nanogenerator as a function of temperature, which reveals that electron transfer is the dominant process for CE between two inorganic solids. A study on the surface charge density evolution with time at various high temperatures is consistent with the electron thermionic emission theory for triboelectric pairs composed of Ti-SiO and Ti-Al O . Moreover, it is found that a potential barrier exists at the surface that prevents the charges generated by CE from flowing back to the solid where they are escaping from the surface after the contacting.

Aluminium matrix tungsten aluminide and tungsten reinforced composites by solid-state diffusion mechanism.

In-situ processing of tungsten aluminide and tungsten reinforced aluminium matrix composites from elemental tungsten (W) and aluminium (Al) was investigated by thermal analysis and pulsed current processing (PCP). The formation mechanism of tungsten aluminides in 80 at.% Al-20 at.

Novel Fabrication and Enhanced Photocatalytic MB Degradation of Hierarchical Porous Monoliths of MoO Nanoplates.

Porous monoliths of MoO nanoplates were synthesized from ammonium molybdate (AHM) by freeze-casting and subsequent thermal treatment from 300 to 600 °C. Pure orthorhombic MoO phase was obtained at thermal treatment temperature of 400 °C and above. MoO monoliths thermally treated at 400 °C displayed bimodal pore structure, including large pore channels replicating the ice crystals and small pores from MoO sheets stacking.

Facile synthesis, structure and enhanced photocatalytic activity of novel BiOBr/Bi(CO)OH composite photocatalysts.

Novel composite photocatalysts BiOBr/Bi(CO)OH were successfully fabricated via a chemical etching method. After flower-like Bi(CO)OH microstructure assembled by nanorods was etched by KBr under an appropriate acidic condition, BiOBr nano-rods could be in-situ generated in nanorods, forming a heterostructure. The heterostructures exhibited a commendable photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of rhodamine B under the visible light irradiation.

One-pot synthesis of bismuth oxyhalide/oxygen-rich bismuth oxyhalide heterojunction and its photocatalytic activity.

BiOBr/Bi24O31Br10 heterojunction photocatalysts were prepared by a facile solvothermal method for the first time. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), N2 sorption, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) were applied to investigate the structures, morphologies, surface areas and photocatalytic properties of as-prepared samples. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B under the visible-light irradiation.