Geneticand phenotypic characterization of a novel ST45-K43 carbapenem-resistant strain causing bloodstream infection: a potential clinical threat.

is a common pathogen of nosocomial infection, which can cause pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cystitis, and bloodstream infections (BSIs). Here, we genetically characterize a novel carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) strain recovered from the blood of a 44-year-old male patient with severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis and septic shock in China. The strain is a ST45 with a novel serotype of K43, named 18SHX166.

The key role of iroBCDN-lacking pLVPK-like plasmid in the evolution of the most prevalent hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant ST11-KL64 Klebsiella pneumoniae in China.

Aims: Hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (hv-CRKP), coharboring hypervirulence and carbapenem-resistance genes mediated by plasmids, causes infections with extremely high mortality and seriously impacts public health. Exploring the transfer mechanisms of virulence/carbapenem-resistance plasmids, as well as the formation and evolution pathway of hv-CRKP is of great significance to the control of hv-CRKP infections.

Methods: In this study, we identified the predominant clone of hv-CRKP in China and elucidated its genomic characteristics and formation route based on 239 multicenter clinical K.

Effect of ceftazidime-avibactam combined with different antimicrobials against carbapenem-resistant .

Unlabelled: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) in combination with various antimicrobial agents against carbapenem-resistant (CRKP). We selected 59 clinical CRKP isolates containing distinct drug resistance mechanisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of meropenem (MEM), colistin (COL), eravacycline (ERA), amikacin (AK), fosfomycin (FOS), and aztreonam (ATM), both individually and in combination with CZA, were tested using the checkerboard method.

Diagnosis of a Familial Psittacosis Outbreak with Clinical Analysis and Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Under COVID-19: A Case Series.

Purpose: To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of family outbreak of psittacosis and to improve the success rate of treatment.

Patients And Methods: The clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of family outbreak of psittacosis, which consists three patients, diagnosed by clinical analysis and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: We report on three instances of clustered atypical pneumonia, which were caused by during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A-to-I RNA Editing in Klebsiella pneumoniae Regulates Quorum Sensing and Affects Cell Growth and Virulence.

Millions of adenosine (A) to inosine (I) RNA editing events are reported and well-studied in eukaryotes; however, many features and functions remain unclear in prokaryotes. By combining PacBio Sequel, Illumina whole-genome sequencing, and RNA Sequencing data of two Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with different virulence, a total of 13 RNA editing events are identified. The RNA editing event of badR is focused, which shows a significant difference in editing levels in the two K.

In-vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected in the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) between 2016 and 2019 in China.

Ceftolozane/tazobactam (an antipseudomonal cephalosporin) in combination with a well-established β-lactamase inhibitor has not been approved to date in clinical practice in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam and comparator agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with various resistance patterns. P.

Antimicrobial susceptibility to polymyxin B and other comparators against Gram-negative bacteria isolated from bloodstream infections in China: Results from CARVIS-NET program.

Objective: To investigate the bacterial distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical isolates from Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infections (GNBSI) in China.

Methods: The clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture were collected during April 2019 to December 2021 in 21 member hospitals of China Bloodstream Gram-negative Pathogens Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Surveillance Network (CARVIS-NET). Antibiotic susceptibility test was conducted by broth microdilution method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, United States).

Emergence of a Superplasmid Coharboring Hypervirulence and Multidrug Resistance Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae Poses New Challenges to Public Health.

The emergence of plasmids coharboring hypervirulence (Hv) and multidrug resistance (MDR) genes has further accelerated the spread of MDR-Hv Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-HvKP) strains, having a severe impact on public health. Here, we report an MDR-Hv superplasmid coharboring hypervirulence and MDR genes and the detailed characterization of its genetic and phenotypic features. This plasmid was identified in an ST11 (sequence type 11)-K64 carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent K.

In vitro activity of ceftaroline, ceftazidime-avibactam, and comparators against Gram-positive and -negative organisms in China: the 2018 results from the ATLAS program.

Background: Data on antibiotic resistance is essential to adapt treatment strategies against the rapidly changing reality of antimicrobial resistance.

Objective: To study the in vitro activity of ceftaroline, ceftazidime-avibactam, and comparators against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria collected from China in the year 2018.

Methods: A total of 2301 clinical isolates were collected from 17 medical center laboratories in China, which participated in the ATLAS program in 2018.

Emergence of a Novel NDM-5-Producing Sequence Type 4523 Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Causing Bloodstream Infection in China.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant infectious pathogen that causes bloodstream infections. This study aimed to genetically characterize a novel sequence type 4523 (ST4523) multidrug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae strain recovered from the blood of a 79-year-old Chinese female patient with severe pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who ultimately died of the infection.

Coexistence of and in One Novel Hybrid Plasmid Confers Transferable Carbapenem Resistance in an ST20-K28 .

Objectives: We identified a novel hybrid plasmid simultaneously carrying and in an ST20-K28 carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) strain AZS099 and reported its detailed genetic and phenotypic characterization.

Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility was characterized using broth microdilution method. Complete genome characteristics and plasmid detailed analysis were carried out by PacBio Sequel and Illumina sequencing and further bioinformatics analysis.

Emergence of colistin-resistant hypervirulent (CoR-HvKp) in China.

Colistin is regarded as a last-resort agent to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, especially carbapenem-resistant isolates. In recent years, reports of colistin-resistant (CoRKp) are increasing. However, the molecular mechanism and relevance of colistin resistance and virulence remain unclear.

Corrigendum: Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of the Novel Metallo-β-Lactamase NDM-29 From .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.

Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of the Novel Metallo-β-Lactamase NDM-29 From .

The New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) can hydrolyze almost all clinically available β-lactam antibiotics and has widely spread all over the world. NDM-29, a novel carbapenemase, was discovered in an (19NC225) isolated from a patient with biliary tract infection in 2019 in China. Conjugation, transformation, cloning test, fitness cost, PacBio Sequel, and Illumina sequencing were performed to analyze the genetic and phenotypic characterization of .

Susceptibility to Imipenem/Relebactam of and Isolates from Chinese Intra-Abdominal, Respiratory and Urinary Tract Infections: SMART 2015 to 2018.

Purpose: In recent years, less options are available for treating carbapenem-resistant and carbapenem-resistant . The present study investigates the susceptibility rates to imipenem/relebactam for the treatment of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs), respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by and in China.

Patients And Methods: A total of 1886 and 1889 isolates were collected in 21 centers (7 regions) as a part of the global SMART surveillance program between 2015 and 2018.

High Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases in Strains Collected From Strictly Defined Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Adults in China: A Multicenter Prospective Clinical Microbiological and Molecular Study.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positive rates of from community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) in Chinese hospitals.

Materials And Methods: A total of 809 isolates from CA-UTIs in 10 hospitals (5 tertiary and 5 secondary hospitals) from different regions in China were collected during the period 2016-2017 according to the strict inclusion criteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by standard broth microdilution method.

Carbapenemase detection by NG-Test CARBA 5-a rapid immunochromatographic assay in carbapenem-resistant diagnosis.

Background: The global spread of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) represents a serious public health concern as these organisms are associated with limited treatment options, high mortality rate and rapid transmissibility. The identification of carbapenemase remains a challenge in microbiological laboratories as no single method is perfect when considering cost, carbapenemase coverage, accuracy, handling complexity and TATs together.

Methods: NG-Test CARBA 5 assay and modified carbapenem inactivation method in conjunction with EDTA carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM/eCIM) were challenged with a collection of 299 molecularly characterized CRE isolates in China in order to evaluate the performance in detecting five major carbapenemases ( , , , , and ) among Enterobacterales.

Establishment of epidemiological cut-off values for cefoselis, a new fourth-generation cephalosporin, against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Objectives: To establish the epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFFs) for cefoselis against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Methods: We collected 2288 non-repetitive clinical isolates from five laboratories throughout four cities in China. The cefoselis MICs and inhibition zone diameters for all isolates were established using the broth microdilution method and the disc diffusion method following EUCAST guidelines.

Performance Evaluation of BD Phoenix NMIC-413 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Panel for Imipenem, Meropenem, and Ertapenem Against Clinical Carbapenem-Resistant and Carbapenem-Susceptible .

The infection of carbapenem-resistant (CRE) has become a major clinical and healthcare problem worldwide. The screening methods of CRE have been extensively developed but still need improving [e.g.

Comprehensive Pathogen Identification, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence Genes Prediction Directly From Simulated Blood Samples and Positive Blood Cultures by Nanopore Metagenomic Sequencing.

Bloodstream infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We explored whether MinION nanopore sequencing could accelerate diagnosis, resistance, and virulence profiling prediction in simulated blood samples and blood cultures. One milliliter of healthy blood samples each from direct spike (sample 1), anaerobic (sample 2), and aerobic (sample 3) blood cultures with initial inoculation of ∼30 CFU/ml of a clinically isolated strain was subjected to DNA extraction and nanopore sequencing.

In vitro and in vivo Effect of Antimicrobial Agent Combinations Against Carbapenem-Resistant with Different Resistance Mechanisms in China.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of different combinations of antimicrobial agents against carbapenemase-producing and non-producing from China.

Methods: A checkerboard assay of meropenem (MEM), amikacin (AK), tigecycline (TGC), colistin (COL) and their combinations was carried out against 58 clinical carbapenem-resistant (CRKp) isolates, including 11 carbapenemase-non-producing isolates and 21 isolates producing KPC-2 enzyme, 11 NDM-1, 13 IMP, one VIM-1 and one OXA-48. The checkerboard assay was analyzed by the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI).