LepR-Expressing Cells in Bone and Periodontium.

Objective: LepR-expressing cells (LepR cells), a critical subpopulation of mesenchymal stem cells, have gained increasing attention in the last decade. LepR cells have been found to play a crucial role in maintaining bone and periodontal homeostasis. This review summarizes current research advances focusing on the role of LepR cells and their underlying regulatory molecular mechanisms in bones and periodontium, aiming to provide a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of this cell lineage.

The Critical Role of Polyphenols in Immunomodulation and Periodontal Regeneration.

Objectives: Periodontitis, the main cause of tooth loss in adults, is a widespread oral disease characterized by chronic inflammation primarily triggered by periodontopathic bacterial infection. Polyphenols are a class of compounds extracted from herbs and diets, characterized by the presence of more than one phenol unit per molecule. Emerging evidence has revealed that polyphenols show significant effectiveness in ameliorating tissue destruction in periodontitis.

Gaze-action coupling, gaze-gesture coupling, and exogenous attraction of gaze in dyadic interactions.

In human interactions, gaze may be used to acquire information for goal-directed actions, to acquire information related to the interacting partner's actions, and in the context of multimodal communication. At present, there are no models of gaze behavior in the context of vision that adequately incorporate these three components. In this study, we aimed to uncover and quantify patterns of within-person gaze-action coupling, gaze-gesture and gaze-speech coupling, and coupling between one person's gaze and another person's manual actions, gestures, or speech (or exogenous attraction of gaze) during dyadic collaboration.

Exploring the potential biological significance of KDELR family genes in lung adenocarcinoma.

The Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu receptor (KDELR) family genes play critical roles in a variety of biological processes in different tumors. Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the potential roles of KDELRs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, as well as clinical samples, we conducted a series of analyses and validations using R software tools and various online resources.

Conceptual Framework of Epigenetic Analyses of Plant Responses to Sedentary Endoparasitic Nematodes.

Epigenetic modifications including miRNA regulation, DNA methylation, and histone modifications play fundamental roles in establishing the interactions between host plants and parasitic nematodes. Over the past decade, an increasing number of studies revealed the key functions of various components of the plant epigenome in the regulation of gene expression and shaping plant responses to nematode infection. In this chapter, we provide a conceptual framework for methods used to investigate epigenetic regulation during plant-nematode interactions.

Entropy-Driven Morphology Regulation of MAX Phase Solid Solutions with Enhanced Microwave Absorption and Thermal Insulation Performance.

Morphology regulation and composition design have proved to be effective strategies for the fabrication of desirable microwave absorbers. However, it is still challenging to precisely control the microstructure and components of MAX phases. Herein, an entropy-driven approach, a transition from irregular grains (low entropy) to sheet structure (high entropy), is proposed to modulate the morphology of MAX phases.

Outcomes of medical students training schoolchildren of ages 13-18 in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review.

Background: Training schoolchildren in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can increase the number of qualified people in the community, which in turn can improve survival rates of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA). Medical students could be a valuable resource for providing the training. This systematic review aims to determine the outcomes of medical students providing CPR training to schoolchildren, aged 13-18 (who are thought to have the strength for effective chest compression), specifically CPR skills for both and non-technical skills such as communication and leadership for medical students.

Quenching modification of NiFe layered double hydroxides as efficient and highly stable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction.

Nickel- and iron-containing layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDHs) are prospective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but they suffer from poor electrical conductivity and inaccessible active sites. Herein, we employ a facile and efficient quenching strategy to modify the morphology and surface characteristics of NiFe-LDHs by rapid cooling in a series of salt solutions. After quenching in a SnCl solution, the modified NiFe-LDHs exhibit a low overpotential of 204 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm and Tafel slope of 58.

The soybean immune receptor GmBIR1 regulates host transcriptome, spliceome, and immunity during cyst nematode infection.

BAK1-INTERACTING RECEPTOR LIKE KINASE1 (BIR1) is a negative regulator of various aspects of disease resistance and immune responses. Here, we investigated the functional role of soybean (Glycine max) BIR1 (GmBIR1) during soybean interaction with soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) and the molecular mechanism through which GmBIR1 regulates plant immunity. Overexpression of wild-type variant of GmBIR1 (WT-GmBIR1) using transgenic soybean hairy roots significantly increased soybean susceptibility to SCN, whereas overexpression of kinase-dead variant (KD-GmBIR1) significantly increased plant resistance.

Longitudinal hemoglobin trajectories and acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Object: The purpose of this study was to describe the longitudinal dynamic hemoglobin trajectories in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and to explore whether they provide a broader perspective in predicting AKI compared to traditional threshold values. Additionally, the interaction of red blood cell transfusion was also investigated.

Methods: The MIMIC-IV database was searched to identify patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Paeoniflorin promotes intestinal stem cell-mediated epithelial regeneration and repair via PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and immune-mediated inflammatory disorder characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and haematochezia. The goal of clinical therapy for UC is mucosal healing, accomplished by regenerating and repairing the intestinal epithelium. Paeoniflorin (PF) is a natural ingredient extracted from Paeonia lactiflora that has significant anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory efficacy.

Identification of the novel HLA-C*01:02:86 allele in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*01:02:86 has one synonymous nucleotide C > T change from HLA-C*01:02:01:01 at nucleotide 879 (residue 269 Proline).

Insights into the Correlation of Microscopic Motions of [2]Daisy Chains with Macroscopic Mechanical Performance for Mechanically Interlocked Networks.

Mimicking filament sliding in sarcomeres using artificial molecular muscles such as [2]daisy chains has aroused increasing interest in developing advanced polymeric materials. Although few bistable [2]daisy chain-based mechanically interlocked polymers (MIPs) with stimuli-responsive behaviors have been constructed, it remains a significant challenge to establish the relationship between microscopic responsiveness of [2]daisy chains and macroscopic mechanical properties of the corresponding MIPs. Herein, we report two mechanically interlocked networks (MINs) consisting of dense [2]daisy chains with individual extension (MIN-) or contraction (MIN-) conformations decoupled from a bistable precursor, which serve as model systems to address the challenge.

Design, Analysis and Experiments of Hexapod Robot with Six-Link Legs for High Dynamic Locomotion.

An important feature of a legged robot is its dynamic motion performance. Traditional methods often improve the dynamic motion performance by reducing the moment of inertia of robot legs or by adopting quasi-direct drive actuators. This paper proposes a method to enhance the dynamic performance of a legged robot by transmission mechanism.

Clinical Progress and Optimization of Information Processing in Artificial Visual Prostheses.

Visual prostheses, used to assist in restoring functional vision to the visually impaired, convert captured external images into corresponding electrical stimulation patterns that are stimulated by implanted microelectrodes to induce phosphenes and eventually visual perception. Detecting and providing useful visual information to the prosthesis wearer under limited artificial vision has been an important concern in the field of visual prosthesis. Along with the development of prosthetic device design and stimulus encoding methods, researchers have explored the possibility of the application of computer vision by simulating visual perception under prosthetic vision.

Characterization of the novel allele HLA-B*35:251:02.

HLA-B*35:251:02 has one nucleotide change from HLA-B*35:22:01:01 at nucleotide 363 changing Serine to Arginine at residue 97.

A novel HLA-C allele, HLA-C*15:244.

HLA-C*15:244 has one nucleotide change from HLA-C*15:05:01:01 at nucleotide 308 changing Arginine to Glutamine at residue 79.

Identification of the novel allele HLA-B*13:157 by sequence-based typing.

HLA-B*13:157 has one nucleotide change from HLA-B*13:02:01:01 at nucleotide 323 changing Tyrosine to Phenylalanine at residue 84.

Detection of an HLA-C*01 variant, HLA-C*01:212, in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*01:212 differs from HLA-C*01:02:01:01 by two non-synonmous nucleotide changes at positions 368 and 379 in exon 3.

Recognition of the HLA-A*11:398 allele in a Chinese patient and his sister.

HLA-A*11:398 has one nonsynonymous nucleotide change from HLA-A*11:01:01:01 at nucleotide 709, changing Isoleucine 213 to Valine.

Sequence-based typing identification of the novel allele HLA-B*40:482.

HLA-B*40:482 has one nucleotide change from HLA-B*40:06:01:01 at nucleotide 430 changing glycine to arginine at residue 120.

Recognization of the HLA-A*24:516 allele in a Chinese patient and his daughter.

HLA-A*24:516 has one nucleotide change from HLA-A*24:02:01:01 at nucleotide 194 where Alanine (41) is changed to Glycine.

Identification of the novel HLA-A*02:981 allele by sequencing-based typing.

One nucleotide replacement at position 728 of HLA-A*02:07:01 results in a novel allele, HLA-A*02:981.

Adaptive color correction and detail restoration for underwater image enhancement.

Underwater images have different color casts due to different attenuation conditions, such as bluish, greenish, and yellowish. In addition, due to floating particles and special illumination, underwater images have problems such as the lack of detail and unnecessary noise. To handle the above problems, this paper proposes a new, to the best of our knowledge, three-step adaptive enhancement method.

Pretransplant HLA mistyping in diagnostic sample of a T-ALL patient due to loss of heterozygosity in the major histocompatibility complex.

Purpose: The degree of HLA compatibility between donor and recipient in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is critical. In this report, we describe an acute lymphoblastic leukemia case with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) encompassing the entire HLA.

Methods: HLA molecular typing was performed on peripheral blood (PB) and buccal swabs (BS).