Underestimated Industrial Ammonia Emission in China Uncovered by Material Flow Analysis.

Ammonia (NH) is crucial in fine particulate matter (PM) formation, but past estimations on industrial NH emissions remain highly uncertain. In this study, the flow of NH within air pollution control devices (APCDs) were investigated basing on material flow analysis with in-situ measurements of NH concentrations at the inlets and outlets of each APCD. Then, by combing emission factors updated with recent in-situ measurements and provincial-level activity data from statistical yearbooks and associated reports, NH emissions from various industrial sources, as well as their spatial distribution across China in 2020, were evaluated.

A risk signature constructed by Tregs-related genes predict the clinical outcomes and immune therapeutic response in kidney cancer.

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been found to be related to immune therapeutic resistance in kidney cancer. However, the potential Tregs-related genes still need to be explored. Our study found that patients with high Tregs activity show poor prognosis.

Rapid lightsheet fluorescence imaging of whole Drosophila brains at nanoscale resolution by potassium acrylate-based expansion microscopy.

Taking advantage of the good mechanical strength of expanded Drosophila brains and to tackle their relatively large size that can complicate imaging, we apply potassium (poly)acrylate-based hydrogels for expansion microscopy (ExM), resulting in a 40x plus increased resolution of transgenic fluorescent proteins preserved by glutaraldehyde fixation in the nervous system. Large-volume ExM is realized by using an axicon-based Bessel lightsheet microscope, featuring gentle multi-color fluorophore excitation and intrinsic optical sectioning capability, enabling visualization of Tm5a neurites and L3 lamina neurons with photoreceptors in the optic lobe. We also image nanometer-sized dopaminergic neurons across the same intact iteratively expanded Drosophila brain, enabling us to measure the 3D expansion ratio.

LKB1 dictates sensitivity to immunotherapy through Skp2-mediated ubiquitination of PD-L1 protein in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations of (, also termed as ()) are frequently detected in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The mutant NSCLC was refractory to almost all the antitumor treatments, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy. Unfortunately, mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy are not fully understood.

Erratum: Silencing of METTL3 effectively hinders invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cells: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.61178.

Establishment of RNA modification regulators index predicting clinical outcomes and immune relevance of kidney cancer patients.

Increasing evidence indicates that RNA modifications are misregulated in human cancers, which might be optimal targets of cancer therapy. However, important RNA regulators in kidney cancer still need further exploration. In this study, we collected regulators representing different types of RNA modification and identified the prognosis-related RNA regulators in kidney cancer patients.

MDM2 drives resistance to Osimertinib by contextually disrupting FBW7-mediated destruction of MCL-1 protein in EGFR mutant NSCLC.

Background: Overcoming resistance to Osimertinib in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is clinically challenging because the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The murine double minute 2 (MDM2) has been extensively described as a tumor promotor in various malignancies, mainly through a negative regulatory machinery on the p53 tumor suppressor. However, the significance of MDM2 on the sensitivity to Osimertinib has not been described.

Preparation, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide chitosan films from Porphyra haitanensis.

Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharide-chitosan (PHP-CS) films were prepared by combining PHP and CS used the casting method with CaCl; the structure, and physical and chemical properties of the film were studied by rheometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), light transmittance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other means. The results indicated that the tensile strength of the PHP-CS film after formation was 5.63 ± 0.

Drug-Free Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Enable Suppression of Cancer Metastasis and Confer Survival Advantages to Mice with Tumor Xenografts.

Despite advancements in nanomedicine for drug delivery, many drug-loaded nanoparticles reduce tumor sizes but often fail to prevent metastasis. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted attention as promising nanocarriers. Here, we demonstrated that MSN-PEG/TA 25, with proper surface modifications, exhibited unique antimetastatic properties.

Recent advance of physicochemical, structural properties, potential health benefits and application of bioactive macromolecules from Porphyra haitanensis: A review.

Porphyra haitanensis (P. haitanensis) belongs to the class Rhodophyta and the family Bangiaceae, which is a unique artificially cultivated seaweed in China, especially in the coastal areas of Fujian and Zhejiang province. P.

Coordination Chemistry and Reactivity of a Lewis Acidic Di-Zinc Framework Supported by Bisphenoxymethanone Ligands.

We present the synthesis, structural characterization, and reactivity studies of a tetra-zinc complex supported by the bisphenoxymethanone ligands and its transformation into various di-zinc architectures. Our findings highlight the potential of these complexes in molecular recognition, supramolecular chemistry, and catalysis.

Applications of Lightsheet Fluorescence Microscopy by High Numerical Aperture Detection Lens.

This Review explores the evolution, improvements, and recent applications of Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy (LSFM) in biological research using a high numerical aperture detection objective (lens) for imaging subcellular structures. The Review begins with an overview of the development of LSFM, tracing its evolution from its inception to its current state and emphasizing key milestones and technological advancements over the years. Subsequently, we will discuss various improvements of LSFM techniques, covering advancements in hardware such as illumination strategies, optical designs, and sample preparation methods that have enhanced imaging capabilities and resolution.

Regulation of blood-brain barrier integrity by -expressing astrocytes through mitochondrial transfer.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as the crucial physical filtration structure in the central nervous system. Here, we investigate the role of a specific subset of astrocytes in the regulation of BBB integrity. We showed that expressing astrocytes transfer mitochondria to endothelial cells via their endfeet for maintaining BBB integrity.

Significantly underestimated traffic-related ammonia emissions in Chinese megacities: Evidence from satellite observations during COVID-19 lockdowns.

Ammonia (NH) plays an important role in the formation of atmospheric particulate matter, but the contribution of traffic-related emissions remains unclear, particularly in megacities with a large number of vehicles. Taking the opportunity of the stringent COVID-19 lockdowns implemented in Beijing and Shanghai in 2022, this study aims to estimate the traffic-related NH emissions in these two megacities based on satellite observations. Differences between urban and suburban areas during the lockdown and non-lockdown periods are compared.

A Bis-Cyclopentadienyl Ligand-Supported Di-Iron Trihydride Motif as a Synthon for Access to Heterobimetallic Trinuclear Complexes.

Herein, we report the synthesis of a flexible bis-cyclopentadienyl ligand (the doubly deprotonated form of (1,3-bis(2,4-di--butylcyclopentadienyldimethylsilyl)benzene)), demonstrating its ability to stabilize a series of di-iron hydrido complexes. Notably, this ligand facilitates the isolation of an unprecedented anionic cyclopentadienyl ligand-supported di-iron trihydride complex, (), functioning as a synthon for the [Fe(μ-H)] core and providing access to heterobimetallic complexes - with coinage metals.

Receptor Ligand-Free Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: A Streamlined Strategy for Targeted Drug Delivery across the Blood-Brain Barrier.

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) represent a promising avenue for targeted brain tumor therapy. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) often presents a formidable obstacle to efficient drug delivery. This study introduces a ligand-free PEGylated MSN variant (RMSN-PEG-TA) with a 25 nm size and a slight positive charge, which exhibits superior BBB penetration.

Synthesis of Benzo[]cinnolinium Salts from 2-Azobiaryls by Copper(II) or Electrochemical Oxidation.

Synthesis of benzo[]cinnolinium salts by copper(II)-promoted or electrochemical oxidation of 2-azobiaryls is described. A variety of diversely functionalized benzo[]cinnolinium salts were easily constructed by this strategy with excellent functional group tolerance and high efficiency. An interesting fluorescence centered at 571 nm is revealed by a benzo[]cinnolinium salt with electron push-pull substitutions.

Protein and lipid expansion microscopy with trypsin and tyramide signal amplification for 3D imaging.

Expansion microscopy, whereby the relative positions of biomolecules are physically increased via hydrogel expansion, can be used to reveal ultrafine structures of cells under a conventional microscope. Despite its utility for achieving super-resolution imaging, expansion microscopy suffers a major drawback, namely reduced fluorescence signals caused by excessive proteolysis and swelling effects. This caveat results in a lower photon budget and disfavors fluorescence imaging over a large field of view that can cover an entire expanded cell, especially in 3D.

Unraveling the Adhesion Behavior of Different Cell Lines on Biomimetic PEDOT Interfaces: The Role of Surface Morphology and Antifouling Properties.

The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) interface, renowned for its biocompatibility and intrinsic conductivity, holds substantial potential in biosensing and cellular modulation. Through strategic functionalization, PEDOT derivatives can be adaptable for multifaceted applications. Notably, integrating phosphorylcholine (PC) groups into PEDOT, mimicking the hydrophilic headgroups from cell membranes, confers exceptional antifouling properties on the coating.

Photosalience and Thermal Phase Transitions of Azobenzene- and Crown Ether-Based Complexes in Polymorphic Crystals.

Stimuli-responsive molecular crystals have attracted considerable attention as promising smart materials with applications in various fields such as sensing, actuation, and optoelectronics. Understanding the structure-mechanical property relationships, however, remains largely unexplored when it comes to functionalizing these organic crystals. Here, we report three polymorphic crystals (, , and ) formed by the non-threaded complexation of a dibenzo[18]crown-6 (DB18C6) ether ring and an azobenzene-based ammonium cation, each exhibiting distinct thermal phase transitions, photoinduced deformations, and mechanical behavior.