Effects of Cold Irrigation on Early Results after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study.

Several studies have indicated that pain peaks at 24 to 48 hours after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. TKA has been associated with disruption in normal sleep patterns, swelling knee, and significant blood loss. However, a satisfactory regime to resolve these mentioned problems has yet to be found.

[RESEARCH PROGRESS OF IN VIVO TWO-PHOTON IMAGING IN SPINAL CORD].

Objective: To review the in vivo imaging research progress of two-photon microscopy (TPM) in spinal cord.

Methods: The recent literature concerning in vivo two-photon imaging of axon, microglia, and calcium in transgenic mice spinal cord was extensively consulted and reviewed.

Results: In vivo two-photon imaging of spinal cord provide dynamic information about axonal degeneration and regeneration, microglial accumulation, and calcium influx after spinal cord injury.

Synthesis and Properties of Hemostatic and Bacteria-Responsive in Situ Hydrogels for Emergency Treatment in Critical Situations.

Immediate hemorrhage control and infection prevention are pivotal for saving lives in critical situations such as battlefields, natural disasters, traffic accidents, and so on. In situ hydrogels are promising candidates, but their mechanical strength is often not strong enough for use in critical situations. In this study, we constructed three hydrogels with different amounts of Schiff-base moieties from 4-arm-PEG-NH2, 4-arm-PEG-NHS, and 4-arm-PEG-CHO in which vancomycin was incorporated as an antimicrobial agent.

Double locking plate fixation for femoral shaft nonunion.

Introduction: Nonunions after operative fixation of the femur, although infrequent, remain a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of double locking plate fixation in the treatment for femoral shaft nonunions.

Materials And Methods: From 2009 to 2013, 21 patients with femoral nonunions (mean age 46.

Evaluation of Elastic Stiffness in Healing Achilles Tendon After Surgical Repair of a Tendon Rupture Using In Vivo Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography.

BACKGROUND There has been no published report assessing the mechanical properties of a repaired Achilles tendon after surgery using shear wave elastography (SWE). The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in mechanical properties of the healing Achilles tendon after surgical repair of a tendon rupture using ultrasound SWE and how these changes correlate with tendon function. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-six patients who underwent surgical repair for Achilles tendon rupture were examined with ultrasound SWE coupled with a linear array transducer (4-15 MHz).

Investigation of proteome changes in osteoclastogenesis in low serum culture system using quantitative proteomics.

Background: RAW 264.7 cells can differentiate into osteoclasts when cultured in medium supplemented with 1 % FBS. However, the proteomic changes in the development of RAW 264.

Early application of negative pressure wound therapy to acute wounds contaminated with : An effective approach to preventing biofilm formation.

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been demonstrated to be effective at preventing biofilm-associated infections; however, its role in biofilm prevention is unknown. The present study evaluated the effect of NPWT on biofilm prevention when rapidly initiated following wound contamination. Full-thickness dermal wounds (8 mm) were created in rabbit ears and inoculated with green fluorescent protein-labeled ().

Effect of Dexmedetomidine in Preventing Postoperative Side Effects for Laparoscopic Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Trial Sequential Analysis (PRISMA).

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been used extensively for patients during surgery. Some studies found that DEX could reduce the incidence of postoperative side effects in laparoscopic surgical patients. However, no firm conclusions were made about it.

Effects of Calcium Sulfate Combined with Platelet-rich Plasma on Restoration of Long Bone Defect in Rabbits.

Background: The treatment for long bone defects has been a hot topic in the field of regenerative medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of calcium sulfate (CS) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on long bone defect restoration.

Methods: A radial bone defect model was constructed through an osteotomy using New Zealand rabbits.

Inhibition of p21-Activated Kinase 1 by IPA-3 Promotes Locomotor Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in Mice.

Study Design: Ninety-six male adult CD-1 mice were randomly divided into sham, spinal cord injury (SCI) + vehicle, and SCI + IPA-3 groups. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, production of tumor necrosis factors (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, tissue edema, blood-spinal cord barrier penetrability, neural cell apoptosis, and neurological function recovery were measured.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of specific inhibition of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) by IPA-3 on SCI and the underlying mechanisms thereof.

Anemia on Admission Is an Independent Predictor of Long-Term Mortality in Hip Fracture Population: A Prospective Study With 2-Year Follow-Up.

Anemia is a disputable factor for long-term mortality in hip fracture population in previous studies. Previous studies indicated that the level of hemoglobin (Hb) might fluctuate due to various factors, such as comorbidities and in-hospital interventions, and the changing level of Hb, may lead to discordance diagnosis of anemia and thus to the conflicting conclusions on prognostic value of anemia. So in this study, we aim to compare factors affecting the diagnosis of anemia at different time-points, admission, postoperation, and discharge, and to determine which the time point is most suitable for mortality prediction.

The roles of interferons in osteoclasts and osteoclastogenesis.

Interferons (IFNs) play essential roles in regulating osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Over the last decade, we have seen tremendous developments in our understanding of the mechanisms by which interferons regulate osteoclastogenesis. Of the type I interferons, IFN-β inhibits osteoclastogenesis via autoregulatory or exogenous regulatory mechanisms, while IFN-α was recently shown to participate in regulating osteoclast formation.

A New Measurement Technique of the Characteristics of Nutrient Artery Canals in Tibias Using Materialise's Interactive Medical Image Control System Software.

We established a novel measurement technique to evaluate the anatomic information of nutrient artery canals using Mimics (Materialise's Interactive Medical Image Control System) software, which will provide full knowledge of nutrient artery canals to assist in the diagnosis of longitudinal fractures of tibia and choosing an optimal therapy. Here we collected Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format of 199 patients hospitalized in our hospital. All three-dimensional models of tibia in Mimics were reconstructed.

Experimental study on treatment of acetabular anterior column fractures: applyment of a minimally invasive percutaneous lag screw guide apparatus.

Background: The aim of this study was to design a new minimally invasive percutaneous lag screw guide apparatus and to verify its adjuvant treatment of acetabular anterior column fracture on pelvis specimens.

Methods: This guide apparatus was self-developed based on the principles of "two points form a line" and "Rectangle". Using C-arm fluoroscopy, this guide apparatus was used to conduct minimally invasive percutaneous lag screw internal fixation of acetabular anterior column fractures.

[EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCKING COMPRESS PLATE FOR TREATMENT OF ASEPTIC DIAPHYSEAL HUMERAL NONUNIONS].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of locking compress plate (LCP) for the treatment of aseptic diaphyseal humeral nonunions.

Methods: Between January 2006 and January 2012, 23 patients with aseptic diaphyseal humeral nonuninons were treated with LCP and autologous iliac crest bone graft, and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. There were 15 males and 8 females with the average age of 42.

Correlation between Parameters of Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound and Hip Structural Analysis in Osteoporotic Fracture Patients.

Background: Calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS), which is used in the evaluation of osteoporosis, is believed to be intimately associated with the characteristics of the proximal femur. However, the specific associations of calcaneal QUS with characteristics of the hip sub-regions remain unclear.

Design: A cross-sectional assessment of 53 osteoporotic patients was performed for the skeletal status of the heel and hip.

The Effect of Polymorphisms in SPP1 on Risk of Fracture: A Case-Control Study.

BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between rs4754 and rs6840362 polymorphisms of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) gene and fracture risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS rs4754 and rs6840362 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 130 patients with fracture and 107 healthy controls matched with the former by age and sex. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was assessed in the control group based on the genotype distributions of SSP1 poylmorphisms.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Curvature of the Femoral Canal in 426 Chinese Femurs.

Purpose: The human femur has long been considered to have an anatomical anterior curvature in the sagittal plane. We established a new method to evaluate the femoral curvature in three-dimensional (3D) space and reveal its influencing factors in Chinese population.

Methods: 3D models of 426 femurs and the medullary canal were constructed using Mimics software.

Semaphorin 3A: A Potential Target for Low Back Pain.

Low back pain is a common disorder. Pathological innervation and intervertebral disc degeneration are two major factors associated with this disease. Semaphorin 3A, originally known for its potent inhibiting effect on axonal outgrowth, is recently found to correlate with disease activity and histological features in some skeletal disorders.

Synergistic Effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on Promoting Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Various stimulators have been reported to promote MSC osteogenic differentiation via different pathways such as bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) through influencing COX-2 and miR-548d-5p through targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). Whether synergistic effects between BMP9 and miR-548d-5p existed in promoting osteogenesis from MSCs was unclear. In the study, the potential synergistic effects of BMP9 and miR-548d-5p on human MSC differentiation were investigated.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ilizarov Methods in the Treatment of Infected Nonunion of Tibia and Femur.

Background: Infected nonunion of tibia and femur are common in clinical practice, however, the treatment of these diseases has still been a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Ilizarov methods can eradicate infection, compensate bone defects and promote the bone union through progressive bone histogenesis. The objective of this systematic review was to review current available studies reporting on Ilizarov methods in the treatment of infected nonunion of tibia and femur, and to perform meta-analysis of bone and functional results and complications to evaluate the efficacy of Ilizarov methods.

The Multiple Roles of Microrna-223 in Regulating Bone Metabolism.

Bone metabolism is a lifelong process for maintaining skeletal system homeostasis, which is regulated by bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts. Aberrant differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts leads to imbalanced bone metabolism, resulting in ossification and osteolysis diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal factors in regulating bone metabolism via post-transcriptional inhibition of target genes.

Channel-assisted minimally invasive repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture.

Background: Percutaneous (minimally invasive) suturing is a promising option for Achilles tendon (AT) repair with low rerupture and infection rates. Sural nerve lesions are the major problem to avoid with the technique. A new device was therefore designed for suturing the AT, resulting in channel-assisted minimally invasive repair (CAMIR).

Comparison of anterograde versus retrograde percutaneous screw fixation of anterior column acetabular fractures.

Purpose: Percutaneous screw fixation is an effective technique in addressing minimally displaced anterior column acetabular fractures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ease of percutaneous screw insertion for acetabular anterior column fracture, as it pertains to anterograde versus retrograde insertion techniques.

Method: From 2009 to 2013, CT imaging from 30 adult volunteers (15 males, 15 females) without history of pelvic disruption and/or morphologic abnormalities were evaluated.