Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Clinical and Etiologic Features at a Large Tertiary Teaching Hospital in China.

BACKGROUND Since the epidemiological profile of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in China, especially the western of China, it has rarely been studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics of DILI patients in a large tertiary teaching hospital at Chongqing, a municipality in western China. MATERIAL AND METHODS The medical records of hospitalized patients which diagnosed with DILI between January 2011 and December 2016 were searched retrospectively, and demographic, clinical data, and laboratory data were retrieved for analysis.

[Metabolic Characteristics of WBC-deplted RBC suspension during Different Storage Stage in MAP Based on UPLC-MS/MS].

Objective: To explore the metabolic characteristics and metabolic markers of WBC-depleted RBCs in MAP preservation solution and to analyzed the metabolic profile of RBC in MAP preservation solution by using metabolomics.

Methods: The changes of metabolitcs in 10 U WBC-depleted RBC suspension at 3-different storage period (D 0, D 14 and D 35) were detected by using the UPLC-MS/MS, the charaeteristic ions and metabolic markers of RBC stored in preservation sblution for 0 d, 14 d and 35 days were analyzed by using the principal component analysis(PCA).

Results: The number of characteristic ions in RBC and supernatant extracts detected during the initial, middle and final storage could be clearly distinguiseed.

Opposite effects of cefoperazone and ceftazidime on S‑ribosylhomocysteine lyase/autoinducer-2 quorum sensing and biofilm formation by an Escherichia coli clinical isolate.

To investigate the effects of subminimum inhibitory concentrations of cephalosporins on bacterial biofilm formation, the biofilm production of 52 Escherichia (E.) coli strains was examined following treatment with cephalosporin compounds at 1/4 minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Ceftazidime (CAZ) inhibited biofilm formation in seven isolates, while cefoperazone (CFP) enhanced biofilm formation in 18 isolates.

The epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from the respiratory department ICU of a hospital in China.

Acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen able to cause severe infections in an intensive care unit (ICU). However, there is a lack of analysis regarding the epidemiology and resistance of A. baumannii in respiratory department ICUs.

Erythromycin resistance features and biofilm formation affected by subinhibitory erythromycin in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Background/purpose: Subminimal inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of antibiotics can modify the phenotype of biofilm formation in bacteria. However, the relationship between resistance phenotypes, genotypes, and the biofilm formation phenotype in response to sub-MIC antibiotics remains unclear.

Methods: Here, we collected 96 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.

Increased IL-8 production in human bronchial epithelial cells after exposure to azithromycin-pretreated Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro.

Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not typically susceptible to azithromycin (AZM) in in vitro tests, AZM improves the clinical outcome in patients with chronic respiratory infections, in which both the modulation of the host immune system and of bacterial virulence by AZM are thought to play an important role. However, there is currently little direct evidence showing the impact of bacteria pretreated with AZM on epithelial cells, which represents the first barrier to infecting P. aeruginosa.

A randomized and controlled multicenter prospective study of the Chinese medicinal compound Fufang Xuelian Burn Ointment for the treatment of superficial and deep second-degree burn wounds.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a traditional Chinese medicine, Fufang Xuelian Burn Ointment (FXBO), to treat superficial and deep second-degree burn wounds. A four-center, randomized, controlled, and prospective study was conducted. Overall, 240 patients with either superficial or deep second-degree burn wounds were enrolled consecutively in this study.

Looped host defense peptide CLP-19 binds to microtubules and inhibits surface expression of TLR4 on mouse macrophages.

The looped host defense peptide CLP-19 is derived from a highly functional core region of the Limulus anti-LPS factor and exerts robust anti-LPS activity by directly interacting with LPS in the extracellular space. We previously showed that prophylactic administration of CLP-19 even 20 h prior to LPS challenge might significantly increase the survival rate in a lethal endotoxin shock mouse model. Such an effect may be associated with immune regulation of CLP-19.

Detection of carbapenemase-encoding genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Chinese burn unit.

The carbapenemases have recently emerged as molecules implicated in one of the most feared bacterial resistance mechanisms because of their ability to hydrolyze virtually all lactamase agents and their highly mobile genes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenemase and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn patients in Chongqing, China. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 111 isolates was determined by the disc agar diffusion test and the agar dilution method.

Hyperoside attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced L02 cell damage via MAPK-dependent Keap₁-Nrf₂-ARE signaling pathway.

The flavonoid hyperoside has been reported to elicit cytoprotection against oxidative stress partly by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Here, hepatic L02 cells exposed to H(2)O(2) (100 μM) were used to demonstrate that hyperoside protected cells by significantly inhibiting overproduction of intracellular ROS, depletion of the mitochondrial membrane potential and leakage of lactate dehydrogenase.

Enhancement of biofilm formation by subinhibitory concentrations of macrolides in icaADBC-positive and -negative clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis is mediated by icaADBC-dependent and -independent pathways. Subinhibitory concentrations of erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin enhanced, in a dose-dependent manner, the level of biofilm formation by 20% (21/105 isolates) by macrolide-resistant ica-positive and -negative isolates tested in vitro. The presence of ica, however, apparently produced an enhanced effect on biofilm formation.

[Study of in vitro endotoxin neutralization effect and antibacterial activity of limulus anti-lipopolysaccharide factor simulated peptide REMP2].

Objective: To investigate the role of REMP2 derived from limulus anti-lipopolysaccharide factor in neutralizing endotoxin in vitro and its antibacterial activity.

Methods: (1) REMP2 and PMB in the concentrations of 100.00, 10.

[Reproduction of the murine endotoxin shock model in D-galactosamine-sensitized KunMing mice].

Objective: To reproduce a Kunming murine endotoxin shock model suitable for the anti-endotoxin pharmaceutical research.

Methods: Kunming mice were challenged with an intraperitoneal (i. p.

A synthetic cyclic peptide derived from Limulus anti-lipopolysaccharide factor neutralizes endotoxin in vitro and in vivo.

Endotoxin, also known as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is the major mediator of septic shock due to Gram-negative bacterial infections. Recently, much attention has been focused on cationic peptides which possess the potential to detoxify LPS. Limulus anti-LPS factor (LALF), a protein found in the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus), has been proved with striking anti-LPS effects.

[Isolation and analysis of the drug resistance of the flavobacterium and its production of beta-lactamases].

Objective: To investigate the drug resistance of flavobacterium and its ability to produce BLA (beta-lactamases) and ESBLs (Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases).

Methods: The production of BLA and ESBLs from 6 clinical isolated flavobacterium strains was determined by nitrocefin disc test and double-disc synergy method, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibilities of the strains were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test and the agar dilution method and the MIC was assessed.

[Influence of intra-abdominal hypertension on the intestinal permeability and endotoxin/bacteria translocation in rabbits].

Objective: To observe different degrees of intra-abdominal pressure and different duration on the intestinal permeability and endotoxin/bacteria translocation in rabbit model, so as to explore the mechanism of the development of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and MODS.

Methods: Rabbit model of intra-abdominal hypertension was established by injection of gaseous nitrogen into the peritoneal cavity. Thirty-nine New Zealand white rabbits were employed in the study.

Relationship between lymphocyte apoptosis and endotoxin translocation after thermal injury in rats.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between lymphocyte apoptosis in peripheral blood, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes(MLN) and endotoxin translocation after thermal injury in rats.

Methods: In a Wistar rat model inflicted with 30% TBSA III degree scalding, serum LPS levels in portal vein and vena cava were quantified by tachypleus amebocyte lysate (TAL) technique. The analysis of peripheral blood lymphocyte was employed in in situ Cell Death Detection Kit and evaluated by flow cytometry.