Overexpression of TRPV1 activates autophagy in human lens epithelial cells under hyperosmotic stress through Ca-dependent AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Aim: To explore whether autophagy functions as a cellular adaptation mechanism in lens epithelial cells (LECs) under hyperosmotic stress.

Methods: LECs were treated with hyperosmotic stress at the concentration of 270, 300, 400, 500, or 600 mOsm for 6, 12, 18, 24h . Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed for the mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes, while Western blotting detected the targeted protein expression.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a unique pericyte type associated with capillary dysfunction.

Capillary dysfunction has been implicated in a series of life- threatening vascular diseases characterized by pericyte and endothelial cell (EC) degeneration. However, the molecular profiles that govern the heterogeneity of pericytes have not been fully elucidated. Single-cell RNA sequencing was conducted on oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy (OIR) model.

Early-onset Neovascular Inflammatory Vitreoretinopathy Due to Two de Novo CAPN5 Mutations in Chinese Patients: A Case Series.

Purpose: To explore the clinical and molecular characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of early-onset autosomal dominant neovascular inflammatory vitreoretinopathy (ADNIV) in Chinese patients.

Methods: A retrospective, interventional case series was assembled from three ADNIV patients.

Results: The three ADNIV cases harbored de novo CAPN5 mutations (p.

Staged lensectomy and vitrectomy in the management of stage 5C retinopathy of prematurity with corneal opacification: long-term follow up.

Aim: To verify the feasibility and safety of staged lensectomy and vitrectomy in stage 5C retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with corneal opacification.

Methods: This was a retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series. Twenty-two eyes of 18 stage 5C ROP patients with corneal opacification were included.

Procollagen C-proteinase enhancer 1 promotes physiologic retinal angiogenesis regulating the process of collagen.

Aim: To investigate the role of procollagen C-proteinase enhancer 1 (PCPE1) in retinal angiogenesis and relevant mechanisms.

Methods: The -knockout (KO) mice were used to explore the effect of PCPE1 on retinal angiogenesis . siRNA were designed, cell count kit 8 (CCK8) assays and tube formation assays were performed to investigate the cell proliferation and tube formation abilities of retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) .

Prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation in pediatric morning glory syndrome.

Aim: To determine the anatomic and visual outcomes of prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation treatment alone in the prevention of retinal detachment (RD) in a cohort of pediatric patients diagnosed with morning glory syndrome (MGS).

Methods: A total of 24 eyes of 22 consecutive patients aged 0-15y diagnosed with MGS treated with prophylactic juxtapapillary laser photocoagulation alone were reviewed. Data including demographics, ocular examination, anatomic and visual outcomes, following treatment and complications were collected.

Five novel copy number variations detected in patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.

Purpose: Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is an inherited retinal vascular disease genetically heterogeneous with multiple causative genes. The aim of this study is to report five novel copy number variation (CNV) regions in FEVR patients and to investigate the possible contributions of novel CNVs to FEVR.

Methods: In this study, 824 FEVR families were collected.

CMV Retinitis in Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome.

Purpose: Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked recessive disease whose optimal curative treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Patients with WAS may suffer from cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) which can cause vision loss. This study is to report the progression and prognosis of patients with WAS and CMVR.

Analysis of the etiologies, treatments and prognoses in children and adolescent vitreous hemorrhage.

Aim: To determine the etiologies, treatment modalities and visual outcomes of vitreous hemorrhage (VH; range from birth to 18y).

Methods: A total of 262 eyes from 210 patients between January 2010 and September 2016 were included. All children underwent an appropriate ocular and systemic examination.

Pathologic comparisons of enucleated eyes with retinoblastoma after superselective ophthalmic arterial chemotherapy with or without intravenous chemotherapy.

Aim: To describe and compare pathologic findings in eyes enucleated after superselective ophthalmic arterial chemotherapy (SOAC) or SOAC with intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) for retinoblastoma.

Methods: Medical records between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and pathologic findings were recorded. This study included 36 eyes from 22 (61.

Local dry vitrectomy combined with segmental scleral buckling and viscoelastic tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with vitreous traction.

Aim: To demonstrate local dry vitrectomy combined with segmental scleral buckling and viscoelastic tamponade for the treatment of partial rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with local vitreous traction in patients at high-risk for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: Eleven eyes of 11 patients were retrospectively studied, including 5 retinal dialysis and 6 retinal detachment (RD; 5 eyes with peripheral retinal hole and 1 eye with giant tear). All patients exhibited partial RD and local vitreous traction.

Internal limiting membrane dragging and peeling: a modified technique for macular holes closure surgery.

Aim: To introduce a modified technique of internal limiting membrane (ILM) centripetal dragging and peeling to treat idiopathic macular hole (IMH) and to observe the ILM-retina adhesive forces.

Methods: Twenty-six consecutive patients with stage 3 to 4 IMH and followed up at least six months were enrolled. All patients underwent complete par plana vitrectomy, ILM dragging and peeling, fluid and gas exchange, 15% CF tamponade and 2-week prone position.

Combined intra-arterial chemotherapy and intravitreal melphalan for the treatment of advanced unilateral retinoblastoma.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) and intravitreal melphalan (IVM) for the treatment of advanced unilateral retinoblastoma.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 30 consecutive eyes from 30 Chinese patients with advanced unilateral retinoblastoma. All patients were initially treated with IAC combined with IVM.

The efficacy of superior oblique posterior tenectomy in the treatment of A-pattern exotropia without ocular intorsion: A retrospective study.

Background: Superior oblique weakening is a common method to treat A-pattern strabismus. This study aims to evaluate the surgical results of the bilateral superior oblique posterior tenectomy procedure to treat A-pattern strabismus patients who had bilateral superior oblique overaction without objective ocular intorsion.

Methods: The records of 18 consecutive patients who underwent surgery of superior oblique posterior tenectomy close to its insertion with superior oblique overaction (SOOA)-associated A-pattern strabismus between September 1, 2015 and August 31, 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

Clinical features of posterior microphthalmic and nanophthalmic eyes.

Aim: To clinically differentiate nanophthalmos (NO) and posterior microphthalmos (PM) and to explore the mechanisms related to papillomacular folds (PMF).

Methods: Medical records of 34 unrelated patients with microphthalmos (54 eyes) from April 2009 to October 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Fourteen eyes of 7 unrelated patients with NO and PM were included in the study.

Clinical observations of vitreoretinal surgery for four different phenotypes of X-linked congenital retinoschisis.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery for four different phenotypes of X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS).

Methods: This study included thirty-one eyes of 25 patients who developed XLRS with severe complications. Among the 31 eyes, there were 7 eyes with vitreous hemorrhage, 8 eyes with retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage, and 16 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Analyzing cytokines as biomarkers to evaluate severity of glaucoma.

Aim: To analyze cytokines as biomarkers for evaluation of severity of glaucoma.

Methods: This was a prospective case-control study including 29 eyes with glaucoma. Besides, 28 eyes with senile cataract were used as control.

Identification of LRP5 mutations in families with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy.

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a hereditary eye disease characterized by defects in the development of periphery retinal vessels. However, the clinical phenotypes of FEVR vary widely from asymptomatic to complete blindness. We analyzed patients from three Chinese families and one sporadic patient with FEVR to investigate the clinical features and disease-causing mutations.

Recurrence of Retinopathy of Prematurity After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Monotherapy: Timing and Risk Factors.

Purpose: To investigate timing and risk factors of recurrent retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) monotherapy.

Methods: Fifty eyes (the more severe eye) of 50 infants treated with IVR monotherapy for type 1 ROP were studied retrospectively. The mean follow-up time was 31 weeks after IVR.

Internal limiting membrane peeling or not: a systematic review and meta-analysis of idiopathic macular pucker surgery.

Purpose: To determine whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling improves anatomical and functional outcomes in idiopathic macular pucker (IMP)/epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery in this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, Ovid MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov and CNKI databases for studies published before 15 September 2016.