Independent risk factors for true malignancy in atypical cytologic diagnostic category in EUS-FNA/FNB of the pancreas: A novel prediction model.

Background And Objects: An atypical cytologic diagnosis arises from inflammation or early neoplastic process. It is commonly found in EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB) tissue sampling of pancreatic malignancies. The aims of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic performance of EUS-FNA/FNB in patients with cytologic diagnosis of atypical cells and to develop a prediction model for malignant tumors of the pancreas in the atypical cytologic diagnostic category.

Endogenous neurotrophin-3 promotes neuronal sprouting from dorsal root ganglia.

In the present study, we investigated the role of endogenous neurotrophin-3 in nerve terminal sprouting 2 months after spinal cord dorsal root rhizotomy. The left L1-5 and L7-S2 dorsal root ganglia in adult cats were exposed and removed, preserving the L6 dorsal root ganglia. Neurotrophin-3 was mainly expressed in large neurons in the dorsal root ganglia and in some neurons in spinal lamina II.

Effect of glycyrrhizin on traumatic brain injury in rats and its mechanism.

Objective: To investigate the neuroprotective effects of glycyrrhizin (Gly) as well as its effect on expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in rats after traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, TBI group, and TBI+Gly group (n=36 per group). Rat TBI model was made by using the modified Feeney's method.

Anisomycin induces glioma cell death via down-regulation of PP2A catalytic subunit in vitro.

Aim: To examine the effects of anisomycin on glioma cells and the related mechanisms in vitro.

Methods: The U251 and U87 human glioblastoma cell lines were tested. The growth of the cells was analyzed using a CCK-8 cell viability assay.

Pharmacokinetics and the bystander effect in CD::UPRT/5-FC bi-gene therapy of glioma.

Background: Cytosine deaminase (CD) converts 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in CD/5-FC gene therapy, 5-FU will be mostly converted into nontoxic beta-alanine without uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT). UPRT catalyzes the conversion of 5-FU to 5-fluorouridine monophosphate, which directly kills CD::UPRT-expressing cells and surrounding cells via the bystander effect. But the pharmacokinetics and the bystander effect of CD::UPRT/5-FC has not been verified in vivo and in vitro.