Vaccination with novel low-molecular weight proteins secreted from Trichinella spiralis inhibits establishment of infection.

Trichinella spiralis muscle stage larvae (mL1) produce excretory-secreted products (ESPs), a complex mixture of protein, which are believed to be important for establishing or maintaining an infection niche within skeletal muscle and the intestine. Studies of both whole ESPs and individual cloned proteins have shown that some ESPs are potent immunogens capable of eliciting protective immune responses. Here we describe two novel proteins, Secreted from Muscle stage Larvae SML-4 and SML-5 which are 15 kDa and 12 kDa respectively.

Transcription factor Oct1 protects against hematopoietic stress and promotes acute myeloid leukemia.

A better understanding of the development and progression of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is necessary to improve patient outcome. Here we define roles for the transcription factor Oct1/Pou2f1 in AML and normal hematopoiesis. Inappropriate reactivation of the CDX2 gene is widely observed in leukemia patients and in leukemia mouse models.

Discordant Haplotype Sequencing Identifies Functional Variants at the 2q33 Breast Cancer Risk Locus.

The findings from genome-wide association studies hold enormous potential for novel insight into disease mechanisms. A major challenge in the field is to map these low-risk association signals to their underlying functional sequence variants (FSV). Simple sequence study designs are insufficient, as the vast numbers of statistically comparable variants and a limited knowledge of noncoding regulatory elements complicate prioritization.

Oxidative stress increases in retinas of dogs in acute glaucoma but not in chronic glaucoma.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that oxidative stress occurs early in the pathogenesis of glaucoma in dogs.

Animals: Sections from eight control retinas and 25 retinas from dogs with primary glaucoma.

Methods: For retinas embedded in paraffin, sections were immunohistochemically stained for malondialdehyde (MDA) and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT).