Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After SGLT-2 Inhibitors: A Nationwide Population Cohort Study.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) accounts for 80% of cases of vision loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Interventional treatments are only indicated in advanced DR and are ineffective in some patients. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are used to attenuate T2DM-associated cardiovascular complications.

Population-based retrospective cohort study on risk of age-related macular degeneration in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are both common diseases of the elderly people. COPD induced systemic inflammation and hypoxia may have an impact on the development of AMD. This study investigated the possible association between COPD and subsequent risk of AMD.

Effects of laser in situ keratomileusis on the corneal endothelium.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) on the corneal endothelium. In a prospective study, the corneal endothelium of 87 eyes (45 patients) was examined before and 1 month after LASIK. Patients were divided into two groups: people who wear contact lenses (48 eyes) and people who had never worn contact lenses (39 eyes).

Congenital reduplication of the lacrimal punctum and canaliculus in a patient with dry eye.

A healthy 60-year-old woman presented with bilateral dry eye syndrome that was more pronounced in the right eye than in the left eye. Two patent independent supernumerary puncta and canaliculi were found in the right upper eyelid. This condition may explain the more severe dryness in her right eye.