YTHDF2 upregulation and subcellular localization dictate CD8 T cell polyfunctionality in anti-tumor immunity.

RNA methylation is an important regulatory process to determine immune cell function but how it affects the anti-tumor activity of CD8 T cells is not fully understood. Here we show that the N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA reader YTHDF2 is highly expressed in early effector or effector-like CD8 T cells. We find that YTHDF2 facilitates nascent RNA synthesis, and mA recognition is fundamental for this distinctively nuclear function of the protein, which also reinforces its autoregulation at the RNA level.

RAD52 resolves transcription-replication conflicts to mitigate R-loop induced genome instability.

Collisions of the transcription and replication machineries on the same DNA strand can pose a significant threat to genomic stability. These collisions occur in part due to the formation of RNA-DNA hybrids termed R-loops, in which a newly transcribed RNA molecule hybridizes with the DNA template strand. This study investigated the role of RAD52, a known DNA repair factor, in preventing collisions by directing R-loop formation and resolution.

Genotype-Directed Synthetic Cytotoxicity of ATR Inhibition with Radiotherapy.

Purpose: The importance of the DNA damage response in mediating effects of radiotherapy (RT) has galvanized efforts to target this pathway with radiosensitizers. Yet early clinical trials of this approach have failed to yield a benefit in unselected populations. We hypothesized that ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (Atm)-null tumors would demonstrate genotype-specific synergy between RT and an inhibitor of the DNA damage response protein ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase.

Tomato bacterial wilt disease outbreaks are accompanied by an increase in soil antibiotic resistance.

The presence of soil-borne disease obstacles and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil leads to serious economic losses and health risks to humans. One area in need of attention is the evolution of ARGs as pathogenic soil gradually develops, which introduces uncertainty to the dynamic ability of conventional farming models to predict ARGs. Here, we investigated variations in tomato bacterial wilt disease accompanied by the resistome by metagenomic analysis in soils over 13 seasons of monoculture.

The Contact Properties of Monolayer and Multilayer MoS-Metal van der Waals Interfaces.

The contact resistance formed between MoS and metal electrodes plays a key role in MoS-based electronic devices. The Schottky barrier height (SBH) is a crucial parameter for determining the contact resistance. However, the SBH is difficult to modulate because of the strong Fermi-level pinning (FLP) at MoS-metal interfaces.

Increased Synthetic Cytotoxicity of Combinatorial Chemoradiation Therapy in Homologous Recombination Deficient Tumors.

Purpose: Homologous recombination deficient (HRD) tumors are exquisitely sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy and when combined with radiation therapy (RT), leads to improved overall survival in multiple cancer types. Whether a subset of tumors with distinct molecular characteristics demonstrate increased benefit from cisplatin and RT (c-RT) is unclear. We hypothesized that HRD tumors, whether associated with BRCA mutations or genomic scars of HRD, exhibit exquisite sensitivity to c-RT, and that HRD may be a significant driver of c-RT benefit.

APOBEC3 mutagenesis drives therapy resistance in breast cancer.

Acquired genetic alterations commonly drive resistance to endocrine and targeted therapies in metastatic breast cancer , however the underlying processes engendering these diverse alterations are largely uncharacterized. To identify the mutational processes operant in breast cancer and their impact on clinical outcomes, we utilized a well-annotated cohort of 3,880 patient samples with paired tumor-normal sequencing data. The mutational signatures associated with apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) enzymes were highly prevalent and enriched in post-treatment compared to treatment-naïve hormone receptor-positive (HR+) cancers.

Fatigue at the wheel: A non-visual approach to truck driver fatigue detection by multi-feature fusion.

Background: Monitoring of long-haul truck driver fatigue state has attracted considerable interest. Conventional fatigue driving detection methods based on the physiological and visual features are scarcely applicable, due to the intrusiveness, reliability, and cost-effectiveness concerns.

Methods: We elaborately developed a fatigue driving detection method by fusion of non-visual features derived from the customized wristbands, vehicle-mounted equipment, and trip logs.

Suppression of the METTL3-mA-integrin β1 axis by extracellular acidification impairs T cell infiltration and antitumor activity.

The acidic metabolic byproducts within the tumor microenvironment (TME) hinder T cell effector functions. However, their effects on T cell infiltration remain largely unexplored. Leveraging the comprehensive The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we pinpoint 16 genes that correlate with extracellular acidification and establish a metric known as the "tumor acidity (TuAci) score" for individual patients.

Forecast of peak infection and estimate of excess deaths in COVID-19 transmission and prevalence in Taiyuan City, 2022 to 2023.

In this paper, with the method of epidemic dynamics, we assess the spread and prevalence of COVID-19 after the policy adjustment of prevention and control measure in December 2022 in Taiyuan City in China, and estimate the excess population deaths caused by COVID-19. Based on the transmission mechanism of COVID-19 among individuals, a dynamic model with heterogeneous contacts is established to describe the change of control measures and the population's social behavior in Taiyuan city. The model is verified and simulated by basing on reported case data from November 8th to December 5th, 2022 in Taiyuan city and the statistical data of the questionnaire survey from December 1st to 23rd, 2022 in Neijiang city.

Robust point light source calibration method for near-field photometric stereo using feature points selection.

In this paper, we present a robust method for nonisotropic point light source calibration through feature points selection. By analyzing the relationship between the observed surface and its image intensity under near-field lighting, the feature points selection method is first developed to effectively address the noisy observations and improve calibration robustness. Afterward, to enhance efficiency and accuracy of the calibration, a cost function of -norm is established based on the above relationship, and an improved Newton method-based iteration process is applied to calculate the light source parameters.

Joint effects of gas bubbles and solid particles on sonochemical inhibition in sonicated aqueous solutions.

Wastewater is a multicomponent and multiphase mixture. Gas bubbles and solid particles in the dispersed phase influence sonochemical efficiency during ultrasonic treatment of wastewater, sometimes unfavorably; however, the influencing factors and mechanisms remain unclear. In this paper, the influence of argon gas bubbles (1.

Effects of metamifop on ammonia production and metabolism of Monopterus albus.

The use of herbicides is believed to have an impact on the metabolism, physiology and biochemistry of fish. In this study, we studied the effects of metamifop on the production and metabolism of Monopterus. albus living in the water.

Tidal fluctuations relieve coastal seawater intrusion caused by groundwater pumping.

Coastal aquifers are vulnerable to seawater intrusion and salinization due to groundwater pumping. Most research on salinization vulnerability and pumping rate optimization considers constant seaside boundary. However, tidal fluctuations may propagate through aquifers and affect pumping-induced seawater intrusion.

Transmission characteristic and dynamic analysis of COVID-19 on contact network with Tianjin city in China.

The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) has had a profound impact on people's lives around the world, and the spread of COVID-19 between individuals were mainly caused by contact transmission of the social networks. In order to analyze the network transmission of COVID-19, we constructed a case contact network using available contact data of 136 early diagnosed cases in Tianjin. Based on the constructed case contact network, the structural characteristics of the network were first analyzed, and then the centrality of the nodes was analyzed to find the key nodes.

Hue-indexing-based absolute phase retrieval method using a discrete hue sequence.

To achieve an effective phase unwrapping for hue-based fringe projection profilometry, this paper proposes a hue-indexing-based absolute phase retrieval method using a discrete hue sequence. First, the hue component is extracted as the wrapped phase for 3D reconstruction by projecting a programmed hue fringe pattern. Afterward, a hue-indexing sequence with a random combination of six unique hues from the hue map is designed for hue unwrapping.

Neutrophil Percentage to Albumin Ratio was Associated with Clinical Outcomes in Coronary Care Unit Patients.

Background: Neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio (NPAR) has been shown to be correlated with the prognosis of various diseases. This study aimed to explore the effect of NPAR on the prognosis of patients in coronary care units (CCU).

Method: All data in this study were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III, version1.

Multidimensional racism classification during COVID-19: stigmatization, offensiveness, blame, and exclusion.

Transcending the binary categorization of racist texts, our study takes cues from social science theories to develop a multidimensional model for racism detection, namely stigmatization, offensiveness, blame, and exclusion. With the aid of BERT and topic modelling, this categorical detection enables insights into the underlying subtlety of racist discussion on digital platforms during COVID-19. Our study contributes to enriching the scholarly discussion on deviant racist behaviours on social media.