The landscape of novel strategies for acute myeloid leukemia treatment: Therapeutic trends, challenges, and future directions.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous subtype of hematological malignancies with a wide spectrum of cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities, which makes it difficult to manage and cure. Along with the deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AML pathogenesis, a large cohort of novel targeted therapeutic approaches has emerged, which considerably expands the medical options and changes the therapeutic landscape of AML. Despite that, resistant and refractory cases caused by genomic mutations or bypass signalling activation remain a great challenge.

Identification of a fatty acid synthase gene (FAS1) from Laodelphax striatellus planthoppers contributing to fecundity.

Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is a multifunctional enzyme that plays an important role in the formation of fatty acids. The fatty acids take part in many processes, such as cell signaling and energy metabolism, and in insects they are important in both cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) formation and reproduction. Here we characterized the sequence structure and function of an FAS from the small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus.

Hyperthermia promotes degradation of the acute promyelocytic leukemia driver oncoprotein ZBTB16/RARα.

The acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) driver ZBTB16/RARα is generated by the t(11;17) (q23;q21) chromosomal translocation, which is resistant to combined treatment of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) or conventional chemotherapy, resulting in extremely low survival rates. In the current study, we investigated the effects of hyperthermia on the oncogenic fusion ZBTB16/RARα protein to explore a potential therapeutic approach for this variant APL. We showed that Z/R fusion protein expressed in HeLa cells was resistant to ATO, ATRA, and conventional chemotherapeutic agents.

The incidence of collagen-associated adverse events in pediatric population with the use of fluoroquinolones: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.

Background: To evaluate the safety of using fluoroquinolones in pediatric population in Taiwan.

Methods: Patients aged 0~18 years old with fluoroquinolones prescriptions ≥5 consecutive days during year 2000 to 2013 were selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database, 4-time case number were selected as controls. We evaluated the patient's outcome after the use of fluoroquinolones by reviewing a newly diagnosis of the following collagen-associated adverse events by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes, covering tendons rupture, retinal detachments, gastrointestinal tract perforation, aortic aneurysm or dissection.