Ultrasonic visualization technique for anatomical and functional analyses of the sciatic nerve in rats.

Background And Objective: Ultrasound has been widely used in the diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment of peripheral nerve diseases in the clinic, but there is still a lack of feasibility analysis in rodent models of neurological disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the cross-sectional area of the sciatic nerve of different genders and body weights and to explore the effectiveness and reliability of an ultrasound-guided block around the sciatic nerve in living rats.

Methods: Using ultrasound imaging anatomy of the sciatic nerve of rats, the cross-sectional area of the sciatic nerve in rats of different genders from 6 to 10 weeks old was calculated, and then analyzed its correlation with body weight.

Facilitation of Behavioral and Cortical Emergence from Isoflurane Anesthesia by GABAergic Neurons in Basal Forebrain.

General anesthesia shares many similarities with natural sleep in behavior and electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. The latest evidence suggests that general anesthesia and sleep-wake behavior may share overlapping neural substrates. The GABAergic neurons in the basal forebrain (BF) have recently been demonstrated to play a key role in controlling wakefulness.

Parabrachial nucleus astrocytes regulate wakefulness and isoflurane anesthesia in mice.

The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) is an important structure regulating the sleep-wake behavior and general anesthesia. Astrocytes in the central nervous system modulate neuronal activity and consequential behavior. However, the specific role of the parabrachial nucleus astrocytes in regulating the sleep-wake behavior and general anesthesia remains unclear.

Control of Behavioral Arousal and Defense by a Glutamatergic Midbrain-Amygdala Pathway in Mice.

In response to external threatening signals, animals evolve a series of defensive behaviors that depend on heightened arousal. It is believed that arousal and defensive behaviors are coordinately regulated by specific neurocircuits in the central nervous system. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a key structure located in the ventral midbrain of mice.

A glutamatergic basal forebrain to midbrain circuit mediates wakefulness and defensive behavior.

Defensive behavior, a group of responses that evolved due to threatening stimuli, is crucial for animal survival in the natural environment. For defensive measures to be timely and successful, a high arousal state and immediate sleep-to-wakefulness transition are required. Recently, the glutamatergic basal forebrain (BF) has been implicated in sleep-wake regulation; however, the associated physiological functions and underlying neural circuits remain unknown.

Decision tree model for predicting in-hospital cardiac arrest among patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome.

Background: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) may be preventable, with patients often showing signs of physiological deterioration before an event. Our objective was to develop and validate a simple clinical prediction model to identify the IHCA risk among cardiac arrest (CA) patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Hypothesis: A predicting model could help to identify the risk of IHCA among patients admitted with ACS.

Characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome in China.

Aims: This retrospective study aims to analyze and explore the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and in-hospital outcomes - including return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to discharge - of hospitalized patients admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) suffering cardiac arrest.

Methods: ACS patients admitted to three tertiary hospitals in Fujian, China, were evaluated retrospectively from January 1, 2012 to December 30, 2016. Data were collected, based on the Utstein Style, for all cases of attempted resuscitation for IHCA.