Fine mapping and analysis of a candidate gene in tomato accession PI128216 conferring hypersensitive resistance to bacterial spot race T3.

Bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, X. vesicatoria, X. perforans and X.

[Determination of astragaloside IV of eight area in Astragali Radix is by HPLC-ELSD internal standard method].

Objective: To establish an HPLC-ELSD internal standard method for determination of astragaloside IV in Astragali Radix.

Method: With Ginsenoside Rb2 as internal standard, the separation were carried out on an Agilent TC-C18 (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 3.

Relationships between alanine aminotransferase levels, abnormal liver echogenicity, and metabolic syndrome.

Background: Elevated alanine aminotransferase (e-ALT) and abnormal liver echogenicity (ab-echo), as determined by sonography, have been linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, which of these is more closely related to MetS, especially among older men, remains unknown.

Methods: Data from 3065 men aged 65 years or older who were undergoing a routine health examination and who were not taking any medications for MetS were analyzed retrospectively.

Turbot reovirus (SMReV) genome encoding a FAST protein with a non-AUG start site.

Background: A virus was isolated from diseased turbot Scophthalmus maximus in China. Biophysical and biochemical assays, electron microscopy, and genome electrophoresis revealed that the virus belonged to the genus Aquareovirus, and was named Scophthalmus maximus reovirus (SMReV). To the best of our knowledge, no complete sequence of an aquareovirus from marine fish has been determined.

Template-directed synthesis of ordered single-crystalline nanowires arrays of Cu2ZnSnS4 and Cu2ZnSnSe4.

Highly ordered quaternary semiconductor Cu(2)ZnSnS(4) nanowires array have been prepared via a facile solvothermal approach using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a hard template. The as-prepared nanowires are uniform and single crystalline. They grow along either the crystalline [110] or [111] direction.

Respiratory deposition model of an inhaled aerosol bolus.

The bolus delivery method is designed to deliver a dose to the desired location in the lung, and it has the advantage of fewer side effects and a more efficient way of delivery. Based upon the lung deposition model developed for continuously inhaling aerosols of constant concentration, a mathematical model of aerosol bolus deposition is proposed. The calculated results show that the recovery depends on the bolus penetration depth, flow rate, particle size, breath holding time and bolus volume.

Multifunctional chiral phosphines-catalyzed highly diastereoselective and enantioselective substitution of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts with oxazolones.

Multifunctional chiral phosphine (phosphine-thiourea type) L2-catalyzed allylic substitutions of MBH adducts 1 with oxazolones 2 produce the corresponding optically active adducts 3 in good to excellent yields and ee's as well as moderate to good de's under mild conditions. The synergistic interaction between hydrogen bond donor site and nucleophilic site has been discussed, indicating that finely tuning the active sites of the multifunctional phosphine organocatalysts is very important.

Aerocyst urethral catheter insertion compared to expansion sponges application in external dacryocystorhinostomy.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical effect and complications of two different filling materials (aerocyst urethral catheter and expansion sponges) applying in external dacryocystorhinostomy (EXT-DCR) and compare their advantages and disadvantages.

Methods: A retrospective study was made in the period from April, 1 2000 to April, 1 2005. Totally 180 patients (240 eyes) underwent the EX-DCR using different filling materials and divided into three groups randomly: negative control groups (group 1), expansion sponges group (group 2) and aerocyst urethral catheter group (group 3).

Novel sutureless transplantation for primary pterygium associated with cysts.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel sutureless AMT (amniotic membrane transplantation) or CAT (conjunctivolimbal autograft transplantation) using fibrin glue for reconstructing corneoconjunctival surfaces for primary pterygium associated with cysts.

Methods: A prospective descriptive study was made of the period 1 January 2006-1 May 2009. Nine patients with primary pterygium associated with cysts underwent pterygium and cyst excision followed by sutureless AMT or CAT using fibrin glue.

ZnO-nanowires/PANI inorganic/organic heterostructure light-emitting diode.

In this paper, we report a flexible inorganic/organic heterostructure light-emitting diode, in which inorganic ZnO nanowires are the optically active components and organic polyaniline (PANI) is the hole-transporting layer. The fabrication of the hybrid LED is as follows, the ordered single-crystalline ZnO nanowires were uniformly distributed on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based indium-tin-oxide-coated substrates by our polymer-assisted growth method, and proper materials were chosen as electrode and carrier. In this construction, an array of ZnO nanowires grown on PET substrate is successfully embedded in a polyaniline thin film.

Risk management of developing assistive devices for elderly.

This study uses the Delphi method in interviewing experts to identify critical risks in the development of assistive devices. Critical risks included product planning, technology development, production, performance, schedule management, and cost management, comprising 26 risk factors in 6 constructs. This study determined which factors were of high importance, finding a total of 7 market analysis errors.

Ordered arrays of shape tunable CuInS(2) nanostructures, from nanotubes to nano test tubes and nanowires.

Well-aligned arrays of chalcopyrite CuInS(2) one dimensional nanostructures have been prepared in a controllable manner via a convenient wet-chemical approach using anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) as a hard template. Highly oriented CuInS(2) nanotubes, nano test tubes and nanowires arrays can be selectively grown by simply varying reaction conditions. Oleylamine (OLA) was found to play a key role in the synthesis and morphology control of the CuInS(2) product.

The ability of hydroxysafflor yellow a to attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammatory injury in mice.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is a component of the flower of Carthamus tinctorius L. The present study investigated whether HSYA could attenuate acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Male Kunming mice were pretreated with HSYA 0.

Diversity and abundance of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences in forestomach of alpacas (Lama pacos) and sheep (Ovis aries).

Two bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed from the forestomach of alpacas and sheep fed alfalfa. After the amplification using the universal 16S rRNA gene primers, equal quantities of PCR products from the same species were mixed and used to construct the two libraries. Sequence analysis showed that the 60 clones from alpacas were divided into 27 phylotypes with 25% clones affiliated with Eubacterium sp.

Comparison of insulin sensitivity, glucose sensitivity, and first phase insulin secretion in patients treated with repaglinide or gliclazide.

The traditional sulfonylureas with long half-lives have sustained stimulatory effects on insulin secretion compared to the short-acting insulin secretagogue. In this study, we used the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) to evaluate the insulin sensitivity (IS), glucose sensitivity (SG), and acute insulin response after glucose load (AIRg) after 4 months treatment with either gliclazide or repaglinide. The design of study was randomizedcrossover.

Therapeutic efficacy of intracameral amphotericin B injection for 60 patients with keratomycosis.

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of intracameral amphotericin B (ICAMB) injection in the treatment of keratomycosis.

Methods: The study design was a prospective controlled clinical trial. A total of 60 eyes of 60 patients were divided into two groups, 30 in the ICAMB injection group (group A) and 30 in the control group-topical application amphotericin B (group B).

Diversity, abundance and novel 16S rRNA gene sequences of methanogens in rumen liquid, solid and epithelium fractions of Jinnan cattle.

Three methanogen 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed from liquid (LM), solid (SM) and epithelium (EM) fractions taken from the rumen of Jinnan cattle in China. After the amplification by PCR using methanogen-specific primers Met86F and Met1340R, equal quantities of PCR products from the same fractions from each of the four cattle were mixed together and used to construct the three libraries. Sequence analysis showed that the 268 LM clones were divided into 35 phylotypes with 18 sequences of phylotypes affiliated with the genus Methanobrevibacter (84.

[Experimental study on biomechanical properties of porcine trachea].

This is a study to evaluate the biomechanical properties of porcine trachea; the intention is to provide experimental methods as well as evidence for further studies on human trachea and artificial trachea. In the current study, the biomechanical indices such as bending stiffness, radial pedestal and stress-straining, bursting strength, and residual stress were adopted. The findings were as follows: there is residual stress in the trachea; when the 50mm trachea is compressed 50%, the force of radial pedestal is about 10N; the force of break from cricoid to eminence is from 180mmHg to 110mmHg.

Production of bioactive human alpha-defensin 5 in Pichia pastoris.

Human alpha-defensin 5 (HD5), a small cationic peptide, is expressed in Paneth cell granules of small intestinal crypts. HD5 exhibits high antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic agents, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. In this study, the constitutive expression of HD5 antimicrobial peptide was achieved using the methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris (P.

A molecular dynamics simulation of solvent effects on the crystal morphology of HMX.

The solvent has a large effect on the crystal morphology of the organic explosive compound octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX, C(4)H(8)N(8)O(8)). The attachment energy calculations predict a growth morphology in vacuum dominated by (020), (011), (102 ), (111 ) and (100) crystal forms. Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for these crystal faces of HMX in contact with acetone solvent.

Biomechanical properties of adult-excised porcine trachea for tracheal xenotransplantation.

Background: To investigate and evaluate the biomechanical properties of adult-excised porcine trachea, thereby providing experimental methods and evidence for biomedical engineering of artificial trachea.

Methods: The TY8000 servo-handle tension test machine was used to measure biomechanical indices, such as bending stiffness, radial pedestal, and stress-straining. The residual stress and bursting strength of adult-excised porcine trachea was evaluated.

Chloridobis(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2,2,2-trichloro-acetato-κO)cobalt(II).

The title compound, [Co(C(2)Cl(3)O(2))Cl(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], was obtained by the reaction of trichloro-acetic acid and CoCl(2) in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline. The Co(II) ion exhibits a distorted octa-hedral geometry, with three N atoms from two 1,10-phenanthroline ligands and the Cl(-) ion in the equatorial plane and one O atom from the trichloro-acetate ligand and one phenanthroline N atom in axial positions. This compound is isostructural with the analogous Mn(II) complex.

Effects of cocoa extract on glucometabolism, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes in obese-diabetic (Ob-db) rats.

In this present study, we investigated the effects of cocoa extract containing polyphenols and methylxanthines prepared from cocoa powder on the biochemical parameters of obese-diabetic (Ob-db) rats. Obese-diabetic (Ob-db) rats were developed using a high-fat diet (49% fat, 32% carbohydrate, and 19% protein from total energy, kcal) for 3 months, followed by a low dose (35 mg/kg body weight) streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Cocoa extract (600 mg/kg body weight/day) was given to the rats for 4 weeks.

[Molecular diversity of rumen Archaea from Jinnan cattle].

Molecular diversities of rumen archaea of Jinnan (South Shanxi Province, China) cattle was analyzed and compared by 16S rRNA gene sequencing from three clone libraries generated using three different archaea-specific primer sets, respectively. DNA from rumen of 4 Jinnan cattle was extracted, and methanogen 16S rRNA gene was amplified using archaea-specific primer sets. Three clone libraries were generated by using vector pGEM-T and cloning into E.