Process evaluation of the implementation of the ABC method, an intervention for nurses dealing with challenging behaviour of patients with brain injury.

Background: Introducing new working methods is common in healthcare organisations. However, implementation of a new method is often suboptimal. This reduces the effectiveness of the innovation and has several other negative effects, for example on staff turnover.

Efficacy and safety of amantadine as a treatment for apathy after brain injury: Two single-case experimental design studies.

Studies on the efficacy of amantadine as a treatment for apathy after brain injury are scarce and of low quality. We examined the efficacy and safety of amantadine for treatment of apathy in two individuals with brain injury.Two double-blind, randomized, single-case experimental (baseline-amantadine-placebo-withdrawal) design (SCED) studies.

Exploring Perceived Interactions Between Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To explore the perceived interactions between consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Participants: Fifteen clinicians experienced in working with patients with TBI.

Methods: Participating clinicians completed an online questionnaire in which they estimated the degree to which consequences of TBI (taken from the Brief ICF Core Set for Traumatic Brain Injury) causally relate to each other.

Long-Term Effects of a Behavioural Management Technique for Nurses on Aggressive Behaviour in Brain-Injured Patients.

Objective: The ABC method (Antecedent events, target Behaviours, Consequent events) is a behavioural management technique developed for nurses. The objective of the present study was to examine the long-term effects of the ABC method on aggressive behaviour in 40 patients with acquired brain injury.

Method: Four aggression outcome measures and a questionnaire about the implementation of the ABC method were filled out by the nursing staff in this longitudinal intervention study.

Psychological interventions for treating neuropsychiatric consequences of acquired brain injury: A systematic review.

Anxiety, aggression/agitation, apathy and disinhibition are common neuropsychiatric consequences of acquired brain injury (ABI); these consequences can cause functional impairment and lead to reduced social integration. This systematic review aims to provide an examination of the current evidence on psychological interventions for treating these consequences. Two reviewers selected potential relevant articles, retrieved from five literature databases; methodological quality was assessed and appraised.

Associations of fat and muscle tissue with cognitive status in older adults: the AGES-Reykjavik Study.

Background/objective: studies on the association of dementia with specific body composition (BC) components are scarce. Our aim was to investigate associations of BC measures with different levels of cognitive function in late-life.

Methods: we studied 5,169 participants (mean age 76 years, 42.

Both Low and High 24-Hour Diastolic Blood Pressure Are Associated With Worse Cognitive Performance in Type 2 Diabetes: The Maastricht Study.

Objective: Hypertension and diabetes are both risk factors for cognitive decline, and individuals with both might have an especially high risk. We therefore examined linear and nonlinear (quadratic) associations of 24-h blood pressure (BP) with cognitive performance in participants with and without type 2 diabetes. We also tested the association of nocturnal dipping status with cognitive performance.

Temporal evolution of cognitive changes in incident hypertension: prospective cohort study across the adult age span.

Midlife hypertension is a risk factor for dementia, but little is known about the cognitive trajectories of individuals with incident hypertension. This study follows the cognitive functioning in prevalent and incident hypertension for 12 years and in relation to age and treatment status. Cognitively intact adults aged 25 to 84 years (n=1805) were serially assessed at baseline, 6 years, and 12 years.

Effects of type 2 diabetes on 12-year cognitive change: results from the Maastricht Aging Study.

Objective: To examine the effects of baseline and incident diabetes on change in cognitive function over 12 years.

Research Design And Methods: A sample of 1,290 individuals aged ≥ 40 years at baseline, participating in the Maastricht Aging Study, were cognitively tested at baseline, after 6 years, and after 12 years. Of these, 68 participants had type 2 diabetes at baseline, and 54 and 57 had incident diabetes at the 6- and 12-year follow-up, respectively.