Diagnostic accuracy of 4D-MRA for the detection and localization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: A retrospective 10-year cohort study.

Research Question: The goal of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of spinal time-resolved contrast-enhanced MR angiography (4D-MRA) for the detection and localization of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF) in our institution.

Material And Methods: Single center retrospective cohort study of patients with the clinical suspicion of a SDAVF. Patients were included who had undergone spinal 4D-MRA in the period January 2010-February 2021.

Clinical applicability of signal heterogeneity and tumor border assessment on T2-weighted MR images to distinguish astrocytic from oligodendroglial origin of gliomas.

Background And Purpose: Radiological features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were attributed to oligodendroglioma, although the diagnostic accuracy in a real-world clinical setting remains partially elusive. This study investigated the accuracy and robustness of tumor heterogeneity and tumor border delineation on T2-weighted MRI to distinguish oligodendroglioma from astrocytoma.

Materials And Methods: Eight readers from three different specialties (radiology, neurology, neurosurgery) with varying levels of experience blindly rated 79 T2-weighted MR images of patients with either oligodendroglioma or astrocytoma.

Safety and technical efficacy of early minimally invasive endoscopy-guided surgery for intracerebral haemorrhage: the Dutch Intracerebral haemorrhage Surgery Trial pilot study.

Background: Previous randomised controlled trials could not demonstrate that surgical evacuation of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) improves functional outcome. Increasing evidence suggests that minimally invasive surgery may be beneficial, in particular when performed early after symptom onset. The aim of this study was to investigate safety and technical efficacy of early minimally invasive endoscopy-guided surgery in patients with spontaneous supratentorial ICH.

Genotype and Phenotype Analyses of a Novel Variant (c.2512C>T p.(Pro838Ser)) Associated with DFNA6/14/38.

The aim of this study is to contribute to a better description of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of DFNA6/14/38 and aid in counseling future patients identified with this variant. Therefore, we describe the genotype and phenotype in a large Dutch-German family (W21-1472) with autosomal dominant non-syndromic, low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (LFSNHL). Exome sequencing and targeted analysis of a hearing impairment gene panel were used to genetically screen the proband.

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra as treatment for paradoxical responses in HIV-negative tuberculosis patients: A case series.

Background: Paradoxical inflammatory responses can occur during microbiologically successful antituberculous therapy. Optimal treatment is unknown, but corticosteroids are used most often. It is likely that interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a central role in the development of these paradoxical responses, and if corticosteroids fail or are undesirable because of adverse effects, anti-IL-1 therapy may therefore be a rational choice.

Assessing radiation-induced carotid vasculopathy using ultrasound after unilateral irradiation: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Increased head and neck cancer (HNC) survival requires attention to long-term treatment sequelae. Irradiated HNC survivors have a higher ischemic stroke risk. However, the pathophysiology of radiation-induced vasculopathy is unclear.

High-Accuracy Nodal Staging of Head and Neck Cancer With USPIO-Enhanced MRI: A New Reading Algorithm Based on Node-to-Node Matched Histopathology.

Objectives: Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a potential diagnostic tool for lymph node assessment in patients with head and neck cancer. Validation by radiologic-pathologic correlation is essential before the method is evaluated in clinical studies. In this study, MRI signal intensity patterns of lymph nodes are correlated to their histopathology to develop a new USPIO-enhanced MRI reading algorithm that can be used for nodal assessment in head and neck cancer patients.

Long-term cognitive, psychosocial, and neurovascular complications of unilateral head and neck irradiation in young to middle-aged adults.

Background: With a growing, younger population of head and neck cancer survivors, attention to long-term side-effects of prior, often radiotherapeutic, treatment is warranted. Therefore, we studied the long-term cognitive effects in young adult patients irradiated for head and neck neoplasms (HNN).

Methods: Young to middle-aged adults with HNN (aged 18-40 years) and treated with unilateral neck irradiation ≥ 5 years before inclusion underwent cardiovascular risk and neuropsychological assessments and answered validated questionnaires regarding subjective cognitive complaints, fatigue, depression, quality of life, and cancer-specific distress.

Clinical characteristics and an evaluation of predictors for a favourable outcome of Mycobacterium abscessus otomastoiditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Background: Otomastoiditis caused by Mycobacterium abscessus is rare, but its incidence has increased over the past decades and its optimal treatment remains unknown. This study aims to summarise the clinical and therapeutic features and find characteristics of patients with M. abscessus otomastoiditis associated with favourable treatment outcomes.

Effective low-dose sirolimus regimen for kaposiform haemangioendothelioma with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon in young infants.

Aims: Management of kaposiform haemangioendotheliomas (KHE) with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon is challenging in young infants who are subjected to developmental pharmacokinetic changes. Sirolimus, sometimes combined with corticosteroids, can be used as an effective treatment of KHE. Simultaneously, toxicities such as interstitial pneumonitis related to the use of sirolimus may be fatal.

Excessive toxicity of cabozantinib in a phase II study in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic salivary gland cancer.

Aim: Because the tyrosine kinases c-MET and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) are often overexpressed in salivary gland cancer (SGC), this study evaluated the efficacy and safety of cabozantinib in patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) SGC.

Patients And Methods: A single-centre phase II study was conducted. Patients with immunohistochemical c-MET-positive R/M SGC were included in three cohorts: adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC); salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) and other miscellaneous SGCs.

Contralateral hearing loss in children with a unilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term ipsi- and contralateral hearing of patients with a unilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA).

Study Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Three tertiary otology and audiology referral centers.

Exploring the missing heritability in subjects with hearing loss, enlarged vestibular aqueducts, and a single or no pathogenic SLC26A4 variant.

Pathogenic variants in SLC26A4 have been associated with autosomal recessive hearing loss (arHL) and a unilateral or bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA). SLC26A4 is the second most frequently mutated gene in arHL. Despite the strong genotype-phenotype correlation, a significant part of cases remains genetically unresolved.

Cerebral Artery and Vein Segmentation in Four-dimensional CT Angiography Using Convolutional Neural Networks.

Purpose: To implement and test a deep learning approach for the segmentation of the arterial and venous cerebral vasculature with four-dimensional (4D) CT angiography.

Materials And Methods: Patients who had undergone 4D CT angiography for the suspicion of acute ischemic stroke were retrospectively identified. A total of 390 patients evaluated in 2014 ( = 113) or 2018 ( = 277) were included in this study, with each patient having undergone one 4D CT angiographic scan.

Merkel Cell Carcinoma: New Trends.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the skin mainly seen in the elderly. Its incidence is rising due to ageing of the population, increased sun exposure, and the use of immunosuppressive medication. Additionally, with the availability of specific immunohistochemical markers, MCC is easier to recognize.

Novel Diagnostic Approaches for Assessment of the Clinically Negative Neck in Head and Neck Cancer Patients.

In head and neck cancer, the presence of nodal disease is a strong determinant of prognosis and treatment. Despite the use of modern multimodality diagnostic imaging, the prevalence of occult nodal metastases is relatively high. This is why in clinically node negative head and neck cancer the lymphatics are treated "electively" to eradicate subclinical tumor deposits.

Prognostic and Predictive Value of Integrated Qualitative and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis in Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor for which no curative treatment options exist. Non-invasive qualitative (Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images (VASARI)) and quantitative (radiomics) imaging features to predict prognosis and clinically relevant markers for GBM patients are needed to guide clinicians. A retrospective analysis of GBM patients in two neuro-oncology centers was conducted.