Increased peripheral CD4 regulatory T cells persist after successful direct-acting antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis C.

Background & Aims: CD4 regulatory T cells (Tregs) expand during chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, inhibit antiviral immunity and promote fibrosis. Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) have revolutionized HCV therapy. However, it is unclear if Tregs are normalized after DAA-induced HCV elimination.

Chromoendoscopy in combination with random biopsies does not improve detection of gastric cancer foci in CDH1 mutation positive patients.

Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HGGC), an autosomal dominant tumor-syndrome, accounts for 1 % to 3 % of gastric cancers worldwide. Presumably 30 % to 40 % of all patients fulfilling the clinical guidelines for HDGC are carriers of a pathogenic mutation in the gene. Patients often show multiple foci of signet ring cell carcinoma at early age and are advised to undergo prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG).