Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionisation photoelectron spectroscopy of the ClO radical: the C 2 sigma- state.

A (2 + 1) one-colour resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionisation study is carried out on the C 2 sigma- state of the ClO radical in the one-photon energy range 29,500-31,250 cm-1. The ClO radical is produced by one-photon photolysis of ClO2 employing 359.2 nm photons derived from a separate laser.

Management and prevention of personal problems in older adolescents via schematic maps and peer feedback.

The purpose of the present study was to provide a basis for enhancing personal development in older adolescents by examining the usefulness of two information-processing tools in solving personal problems: schematic maps and peer feedback. Ninety-five college students were assigned to either a schematic map group or an essay group, and further subdivided into groups that worked alone or with a vicarious partner. Assessment consisted of analyzing and generating alternatives to a scenario involving a college student with a drinking problem.

Quality assessment of CD34+ stem cell enumeration: experience of the United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Scheme (UK NEQAS) using a unique stable whole blood preparation.

CD34+ peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization and harvesting has rapidly replaced autologous bone marrow as a source of stem cells for transplantation. Timing and adequacy of harvests rely upon the accurate enumeration of circulating CD34+ cells. However, previous EQA programmes have reported interlaboratory CVs as high as 284%, suggesting the need for greater standardization.

Schematic maps: cognitive tools for enhancing the early stages of counseling.

The purpose of the present studies was to explore the utility of schematic maps as tools for the early stages of both peer and self-counseling. In experiment 1 (self-counseling), 42 students from undergraduate general psychology classes participated to fulfill course requirements. Participants were assigned to either a schematic map or essay group.

Use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for mobilizing peripheral blood stem cells: risk of mobilizing clonal myeloma cells in patients with bone marrow infiltration.

Peripheral blood stem cells have been used for autologous reconstitution of haemopoiesis after high dose cytotoxic therapy and produce similar disease response rates as autologous bone marrow transplants. Peripheral blood stem cell transplants are an especially attractive option for patients in whom marrow harvest is not feasible due to bone marrow damage or infiltration. Recombinant growth factors mobilize adequate numbers of stem cells from the marrow but their effect on tumour cell circulation kinetics is not known.

Identifying the best scenario for using schematic organizers as integration tools for alcohol-related information.

The goal of the present study was to examine scenarios for using two schematic organizers--schematic knowledge maps and conceptual matrices--in integrating episodic and semantic knowledge about alcohol. Seventy students from undergraduate general psychology classes participated for course credit. Participants were assigned to either a schematic organizer group or an essay writing group.

Using scripted cooperation to communicate information about the consequences of alcohol and cocaine use.

Fifty-two participants from undergraduate psychology classes at a private university were asked to study, either cooperatively or individually, information dealing with the consequences of using alcohol and cocaine. Objectives were to (a) determine the effect of cooperative study on recall, (b) assess personal reactions to the information presented, and (c) assess the effect of individual differences. Findings indicate that cooperative study can facilitate both recall of information as well as degree of understanding and confidence in dealing with persons using alcohol/cocaine; that the materials used were received positively; and that verbal ability may play a subtle role in college students' responses to alcohol/cocaine information.

Detection and neutralization of bovine tumor necrosis factor by a monoclonal antibody.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been produced which are specific for bovine tumor necrosis factor (TNF). MAb BC9 detects bovine TNF in a radioimmunoassay with a detection limit of 24 pg/ml. BC9 also neutralizes the in vitro biological function of bovine recombinant TNF.

Effect of interferon-gamma on the production of tumor necrosis factor during acute Escherichia coli mastitis.

The effects of recombinant interferon-gamma on the production of tumor necrosis factor in 10 dairy cows with Escherichia coli mastitis were determined. Prophylactic administration of recombinant interferon-gamma prior to the experimental E. coli challenge was effective in modifying the production of endogenous tumor necrosis factor during acute stages of disease.

Using knowledge maps and scripted cooperation to inform college students about patterns of behavior related to recurring abuse of alcohol.

Objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of using a specific information format--graphic representations called knowledge maps--and an information processing strategy--scripted cooperation--in teaching college students about behavior patterns that underlie recurring abuse of alcohol. Participants in this three-session, 6-hour study were 111 Texas Christian University students recruited from undergraduate psychology classes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two materials format conditions (map vs.

Principles of Office Counseling: The High-risk or Troubled Adolescent.

Skillfully interviewing, assessing, and counseling a troubled adolescent must be based on a method of understanding the origins of problem behaviors. The authors describe the HEADS model of assessment and intervention used in the High-risk Youth Programs at Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles and present recommendations for effective counseling for these patients.

Using conceptual matrices, knowledge maps, and scripted cooperation to improve personal management strategies.

Research in the area of substance abuse suggests that ineffective personal management strategies appear to be a major factor in abuse behavior. In this study, fifty-seven students in an intermediate level psychology class were provided with three tools previously found to enhance academic learning strategies--knowledge maps, scripted peer cooperation, and conceptual matrices--as a means of understanding and improving personal management strategies. Student ratings of the value of these activities were significantly higher than an average or moderate response.

Scopolamine produces locomotor stereotypy in an open field but apomorphine does not.

Both dopaminergic and nondopaminergic drugs produce hyperlocomotion in rats. Dopaminergic drugs also produce focused stereotypy (absence of locomotion and intense sniffing or licking/biting of a restricted area of the environment). Some drugs produce repetitive routes of locomotion; this phenomenon might represent a combination of hyperlocomotion and stereotypy.

Prophylactic effects of recombinant bovine interferon-alpha I1 on acute Salmonella typhimurium infection in calves.

The in vivo effects of a single prophylactic dose of recombinant bovine interferon (rBoIFN)-alpha I1 in calves with salmonellosis were investigated, using a Salmonella typhimurium infection model. Treatment with rBoIFN-alpha I1 reduced the degree of septicemia compared with that in control groups, and, in one experiment, using disease of reduced severity, body temperature was lower in treated calves than in controls.

Induction of circulating tumor necrosis factor cannot be demonstrated during septicemic salmonellosis in calves.

The concentration of tumor necrosis factor in the circulation of calves, which were infected with Salmonella typhimurium and exhibited septicemia as indicated by clinical signs and blood culture, was measured with a radioimmunoassay. These levels were compared with those in calves before infection and in other calves that had received an intravenous dose of gram-negative endotoxin. The tumor necrosis factor levels measured in samples taken during septicemia were not different from those in samples from infected nonsepticemic calves or samples from calves before infection.

DN 9693: a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with a platelet membrane effect.

We have examined the in vitro effects of DN 9693 (piperidinylimidazo-quinazolinone) on various aspects of platelet reactivity. Our results are consistent with its known function as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor in that it increased platelet cyclic AMP, particularly in conjunction with an adenylate cyclase stimulator, and exerted a profound inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation responses to a variety of agonists. DN 9693 also inhibited ristocetin-induced platelet agglutination (RIPA).

Effects of caerulein + haloperidol on amphetamine-induced locomotor stereotypy in rats.

The combination of haloperidol + caerulein has been reported to produce a long-lasting reduction of amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotions in rats. This study was designed to replicate those findings and to determine whether haloperidol + caerulein produce any unique effect on amphetamine-induced locomotor stereotypy. In two experiments, haloperidol + caerulein failed to produce a long-lasting reduction in amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotions.

Relationships between IQ and neuropsychological measures in neuropsychiatric populations: within-laboratory and cross-cultural replications using WAIS and WAIS-R.

Several studies have reported positive correlations between measures of intelligence (a quasi-subject variable) and level of performance on neuropsychological tests; few, however, have presented test results by IQ grouping, which could be useful for comparative purposes. The present study examined the relationships of WAIS and WAIS-R Full Scale IQ to performance on a neuropsychological battery consisting of the Halstead-Reitan Battery (HRB), the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT), and the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS). Four mixed neuropsychiatric samples provided cross-cultural and within-laboratory replications, two tested with WAIS and two with WAIS-R.