Stories for Us, or for Others: Digital Storytelling with a Harm Reduction Organization as Culture-Centered Health Communication.

Digital storytelling is a participatory media creation process. To illustrate how digital storytelling may be used as a method within the culture-centered approach to health communication, this paper presents a case study analysis of two 2-day digital storytelling workshops in collaboration with a local harm reduction organization that supports people who use drugs. Storytellers used the communicative space of digital storytelling to confront stigmatizing cultural and institutional narratives related to substance use.

Association between paediatric eye injuries, later academic success and social performance.

Aim: To investigate an association between eye injury and later academic and social performance.

Materials: A retrospective longitudinal study of taking measurements multiple times was conducted including all severe eye injuries admitted during 2011-2017 at the main regional clinic to investigate changes in academic success and social inclusion before and after an injury. Parents/caregivers were surveyed asking questions on academic performance, and community/social involvement.

ProjectDRIVE: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial to improve driving practices of high-risk teen drivers with a traffic violation.

Background: Teen drivers with a traffic violation are at increased risk for crashes and crash-related injuries; however, most parent-focused interventions target teen drivers with supervised learner's permits. Very few interventions are implemented at the probationary driver's license stage or target high-risk teen drivers, such as those with traffic violations. This paper describes the protocol of ProjectDRIVE, A Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve Driving Practices of High-Risk Teen Drivers with a Traffic Violation, which targets improving parent-teen communication about safe driving practices to reduce unsafe driving behaviors and traffic violation recidivism of teen drivers cited for traffic violation.

Traumatic head injuries in Moldova: a cross-sectional analysis of medical registry data.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the demographics and crash profiles of road traffic-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients treated at two emergency departments in the Republic of Moldova, and to identify areas for prevention.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF INJURIES IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF GEORGIA.

Injuries represent a significant burden on societies, resulting in deaths and health care costs incurred during Emergency Department visits and hospitalizations. This research aimed to estimate the burden of traumatic injury of patients treated and evaluated in the Emergency Department of the University Hospital in Georgia. A retrospective study was conducted at the University Hospital of Georgia for all trauma patients from January 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018.

Predictors of rural driver self-reported passing behaviors when interacting with farm equipment on the roadway.

Background: Crashes involving farm equipment (FE) are a major safety concern for farmers as well as all other users of the public road system in both rural and urban areas. These crashes often involve passenger vehicle drivers striking the farm equipment from behind or attempting to pass, but little is known about drivers' perceived norms and self-reported passing behaviors. The objective of this study is to examine factors influencing drivers' farm equipment passing frequencies and their perceptions about the passing behaviors of other drivers.

Rates and predictors of teen driver crash culpability.

Background: Motor-vehicle crash risk is highest among teen drivers. Despite a wealth of research on the topic, there are still many contributors to these crashes that are not well understood. The current study sought to examine the contribution of graduated driver licensing (GDL) restrictions, sex, age, roadway circumstances, and citation history to teen drivers' crash culpability.

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL INJURIES IN TWO EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS IN TBILISI, GEORGIA.

Maxillofacial injuries are a global problem in our modern society. It can be a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality. Maxillofacial trauma can lead to scar distortion accompanied by emotional and psychological problems.

Informing traffic enforcement leniency and discretion: Crash culpability and the effectiveness of written warnings versus citations.

Objectives: Deterrence of risky driving behavior is important for the prevention of crashes and injuries. Traffic law enforcement is a key strategy used to decrease risky driving, but there is little evidence on the deterrent effect of issuing warnings versus citations to drivers regarding the prevention of future crashes. The purpose of this study was to 1) investigate the difference between citations and written warnings in their association with future crash culpability and 2) investigate whether drivers who were issued written warnings or citations have different associations with future crash culpability likelihood than those without prior citations or written warnings.

Direct medical charges of all parties in teen-involved vehicle crashes by culpability.

Background: Motor vehicle crashes among teen drivers often involve passengers in the teen's vehicle and occupants of other vehicles, and the full cost burden for all individuals is largely unknown. This analysis estimated direct hospitalisation and emergency department charges for teen-involved crashes by teen culpability, comparing charges for the teen driver, passengers and occupants of other vehicles.

Methods: Probabilistic linkage was performed to link the Iowa police crash reports with Iowa emergency department and Iowa hospital inpatient data.

Prevalence of workplace violence against young workers in the United States.

Background: Workers under the age of 25 may be at particular risk for workplace violence, given their predominant employment in the high-risk retail and service industries. Little research exists, however, that estimates the scope of the problem within this population. To fill this gap, we conducted the first national study of workplace violence against young people in the United States.

Unintended reductions in assaults near sobriety checkpoints: A longitudinal spatial analysis.

Background: Sobriety checkpoints are a form of proactive policing in which law enforcement officers concentrate at a point on the roadway to systematically perform sobriety tests for all passing drivers. We investigated whether sobriety checkpoints unintentionally reduce assaults in surrounding areas.

Methods: Exposures of interest were sobriety checkpoints conducted by the Los Angeles Police Department between 2012 and 2017.

State-level education policies: Opportunities for secondary prevention of child maltreatment.

Background: Exposure to child maltreatment creates risk for adverse social, health, and economic outcomes across generations. The socioecological model posits the well-being of individuals, including children and youth, is shaped by the larger systems they exist in. Employing state-level policies to position school settings to effectively identify and intervene in instances of child maltreatment is an important secondary prevention opportunity.

Should we throw the book at 'em? Charge combinations and conviction rates among alcohol-influenced drivers involved in motorcycle crashes.

Introduction: Motorcycle fatality rates are increasing, and impaired driving is a major contributing factor. Impaired driving laws are a main component of state efforts to reduce drunk driving, but motorcycle crash charge and conviction outcomes have yet to be studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate driver charge and conviction outcomes following alcohol-related motorcycle crashes.

United States' teen dating violence policies: summary of policy element variation.

As teen dating violence (TDV) has gained attention as a public health concern across the United States (US), many efforts to mitigate TDV appear as policies in the 50 states in the form of for programming in K-12 schools. A keyword search identified 61 state-level school-based TDV policies. We developed an abstraction form to conduct a content analysis of these policies and generated descriptive statistics and graphic summaries.

Child safety restraint patterns in Moldova.

Objective: The Republic of Moldova has one of the European region's highest road traffic injury rates and also has an increase in motorization and exposure of children as vehicle passengers. This study describes child restraint use, and parents' knowledge and attitudes toward child restraint based on observations in Chisinau, the country's capital and largest city. The study aims to describe the use of child restraints and to compare data with existing standards of good practice.

Community engagement in the development and implementation of a rural road safety campaign: Steps and lessons learned.

Introduction: Rural crashes result in fatality rates twice as high as urban, after accounting for vehicle miles traveled, and those involving farm vehicles tend to be the most severe. Farm vehicle crash interventions have focused on the farm equipment (e.g.

Farm Vehicle Following Distance Estimation Using Deep Learning and Monocular Camera Images.

This paper presents a comprehensive solution for distance estimation of the following vehicle solely based on visual data from a low-resolution monocular camera. To this end, a pair of vehicles were instrumented with real-time kinematic (RTK) GPS, and the lead vehicle was equipped with custom devices that recorded video of the following vehicle. Forty trials were recorded with a sedan as the following vehicle, and then the procedure was repeated with a pickup truck in the following position.

Epidemiological characteristics of injury in Georgia: A one-year retrospective study.

Introduction: Injury is a major health problem worldwide and a leading cause of death and disability. Disability caused by traumatic injury is often severe and long-lasting. Injuries place a large burden on societies and individuals in the community, both in cost and lost quality of life.

The geography of sobriety checkpoints and alcohol-impaired driving.

Background And Aims: Sobriety checkpoints are an effective strategy to reduce alcohol-impaired driving, motor vehicle crashes, injuries and fatalities. The aim of this study was to identify the geographic extent over which individual sobriety checkpoints affect alcohol-impaired driving.

Design, Setting, Participants: Spatial ecological panel analysis using geolocated breath test data from the Queensland Police Service, Australia, for January 2012 to June 2018.

Association between driver and child passenger restraint: Analysis of community-based observational survey data from 2005 to 2019.

Introduction: Crash data suggest an association between driver seatbelt use and child passenger restraint. However, community-based restraint use is largely unknown. We examined the association between driver seatbelt use and child restraint using data from a state-wide observational study.