Lessons learned? Changes in dietary behavior after a coronary event.

Background And Aims: A healthy diet is recommended for the prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD), but whereas patients with CAD adhere to a healthy diet is unclear. We aimed to assess the impact of a CAD event on dietary intake.

Methods: Prospective, population-based, observational study conducted between 2009 and 2017.

[Screening and management of malnutrition in internal medicine].

Malnutrition is a common but underestimated condition in the hospital setting. Malnutrition increases in-hospital mortality and complications, and treatment costs. Simple screening tools such as the mini-nutritional assessment and the nutritional risk score allow identifying patients at risk of malnutrition and starting management.

In-hospital mortality is associated with high NT-proBNP level.

Objective: To compare in-hospital mortality in unselected adult patients according to N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels.

Method: Retrospective study including 3833 adult patients (median age 72 years, 45% women) hospitalized between January 2013 and April 2015 in a Swiss university hospital, with at least one NT-proBNP level measurement during hospitalization. Patients were categorized in quintiles regarding their highest NT-proBNP level.

No association between dietary markers and incident hypertension in a population-based sample.

Background/aim: Many trials have shown that dietary interventions reduce the incidence of hypertension. Whether these findings also apply in the general population is debated. We assessed the association between dietary markers and incidence of hypertension.

Association between dietary intake and inflammatory markers: results from the CoLaus study.

Objective: To assess the associations between single foods, nutrients, dietary patterns and dietary scores, and inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, TNF-α and leucocyte count).

Design: Cross-sectional, population-based study.

Setting: City of Lausanne, Switzerland, years 2009-2012.

Do Hospital Doctors Screen for Diabetes?

Background: One in five hospitalized patients presents with previously undetected diabetes mellitus (DM). We assessed whether hospital doctors measure HbAc in hospitalized patients and act consequently.

Methods: Data from patients hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2014 in a Swiss teaching hospital was collected.

Obstructive sleep apnoea as a risk factor for incident metabolic syndrome: a joined Episono and HypnoLaus prospective cohorts study.

Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are often associated, but whether a temporal relationship exists is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of OSA on the risk of developing MetS in the general population.A prospective study was conducted combining two population-based samples: Episono (Brazil) and HypnoLaus (Switzerland).

Ten-year incidence of hypertension in a Swiss population-based sample Incidence of hypertension in Switzerland.

Few studies assessed incidence and determinants of hypertension. We assessed the incidence and determinants of hypertension in a cohort of healthy adults aged 35-75 years living in Lausanne, Switzerland. Baseline data were collected from 2003 to 2006.

Association of body temperature with obesity. The CoLaus study.

Background And Aims: There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between body temperature and obesity. We aimed to assess the associations between body temperature and several adiposity and metabolic markers according to gender and menopausal status in a large population-based sample.

Methods: The data collected between 2009 and 2012 from 4224 participants (mean age 57.

Adherence to hospital nutritional status monitoring and reporting guidelines.

Aims Of The Study: Despite the widespread existence of guidelines regarding undernutrition monitoring and reporting, there is scarce information whether they are followed. We aimed to evaluate the adherence to guidelines regarding undernutrition monitoring and reporting as well as their determinants in a university hospital.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of discharged patients with data on Nutritional Risk Screening score (NRS-2002) from the department of internal medicine of the Lausanne University Hospital for years 2013-14.

Twenty-four-year trends and determinants of change in compliance with Swiss dietary guidelines.

Background And Aims: A healthy diet is the cornerstone of disease prevention, and dietary guidelines have been issued in most countries. We aimed to assess trends in compliance with dietary guidelines in the population of Geneva, Switzerland.

Methods: Multiple cross-sectional, population-based surveys conducted between 1993 and 2016 in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland [20,310 participants (52.

Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Respiratory Effort-Related Arousals in the General Population.

Study Objectives: To determine the prevalence and clinical associations of respiratory effort-related arousals (RERA) in a general population sample.

Methods: A total of 2,162 participants (51.2% women, 58.

Impact of sex and menopausal status on the prevalence, clinical presentation, and comorbidities of sleep-disordered breathing.

Objective: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is currently considered as a unique condition, but it has been suggested that the prevalence, clinical presentation, and associated conditions may differ by sex or by menopausal status in women. We aimed to assess the prevalence of SDB and associated comorbidities in pre- and postmenopausal women compared with men.

Methods: Participants of the population-based HypnoLaus Sleep Cohort study underwent polysomnography in their home environment and had extensive phenotyping for diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and depression.

Seasonality of nutrient intake - An analysis including over 44,000 participants in 4 countries.

Background And Aims: Dietary intake is believed to follow a seasonal pattern, so adjusting for seasonality in nutritional epidemiology is usually requested. The aim of this study was to assess the seasonality of energy and macronutrients intake (expressed as % of total caloric intake) using a large set of population-based studies.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 9 population-based studies from 4 countries (3 in the Northern Hemisphere and 1 in Southern Hemisphere), with a total sample size of 44,611 subjects.

Association of activity behaviours and patterns with cardiovascular risk factors in Swiss middle-aged adults: The CoLaus study.

The impact of the combination between physical activity (PA) and sedentary (SE) levels on cardiovascular health is poorly known. We assessed the association of activity behaviours and patterns with cardiovascular risk factors in the general population (The CoLaus study, Switzerland, 2014-2017). 2605 adults (54.

Diagnostic accuracy of undernutrition codes in hospital administrative discharge database: improvements needed.

Objectives: Hospital administrative databases are widely used for disease monitoring. Undernutrition is highly prevalent among hospitalized patients but the diagnostic accuracy of undernutrition coding in administrative data is poorly known. This study examined the diagnostic accuracy of undernutrition coding in administrative hospital discharge databases.

A 10-year observational study on the trends and determinants of smoking status.

Introduction: Most studies on motivation and intention to quit smoking have been conducted among adolescents and young adults but little is known regarding middle-aged subjects. We aimed to assess the trends and determinants of smoking status in a population-based cohort.

Method: Observational, prospective study with a first mean follow-up at 5.

REM-associated sleep apnoea: prevalence and clinical significance in the HypnoLaus cohort.

This study determined the prevalence of rapid eye movement (REM) related sleep-disordered breathing (REM-SDB) in the general population and investigated the associations of REM-SDB with hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and depression.Home polysomnography (PSG) recordings (n=2074) from the population-based HypnoLaus Sleep Cohort (48.3% men, 57±11 years old) were analysed.

Psychosocial Stress Over the Lifespan, Psychological Factors, and Cardiometabolic Risk in the Community.

Objective: The complex relationship between psychosocial stress over the lifetime, psychological factors, and cardiometabolic risk is still poorly understood. Accordingly, our aims were (1) to independently assess the associations between childhood adversity, life-event stress in remote (earlier than the last 5 years), and recent adulthood and cardiometabolic risk, and (2) to determine the role of psychological factors including personality, coping, and depression in these associations.

Methods: The sample included 2674 adults, aged 35 to 66 years, randomly selected from urban area.

Do hospital doctors test for thrombophilia in patients with venous thromboembolism?

The predictive value of factor V Leiden and the G20210A prothrombin mutation regarding recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) is limited and does not influence subsequent patient management. Systematic testing for such genetic thrombophilia should be avoided, but to which extent such testing is practiced in a Swiss Hospital is unknown. To examine the current practice of factor V Leiden and/or G20210A prothrombin mutation testing in a University Hospital, and to assess the clinical consequences of testing on patients.

Spatial clusters of daytime sleepiness and association with nighttime noise levels in a Swiss general population (GeoHypnoLaus).

Introduction: Daytime sleepiness is highly prevalent in the general adult population and has been linked to an increased risk of workplace and vehicle accidents, lower professional performance and poorer health. Despite the established relationship between noise and daytime sleepiness, little research has explored the individual-level spatial distribution of noise-related sleep disturbances. We assessed the spatial dependence of daytime sleepiness and tested whether clusters of individuals exhibiting higher daytime sleepiness were characterized by higher nocturnal noise levels than other clusters.

Do diurnal cortisol levels mediate the association between sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment?

Previous research found an association between sleep disturbances and cognitive deficits on the one hand, and between increased cortisol levels and poor cognitive performance on the other hand. We hypothesized that cortisol may, at least partially, mediate the link between sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment (CI). We analyzed data from 440 nondemented subjects aged ≥65 years (72.