Background: Little is known about the ultrastructure of pili annulati.
Objectives: To examine with transmission electron microscopy affected hairs of a family, whose diagnosis had been confirmed in five individuals with scanning electron microscopy, which showed surface undulations with "curtain-like" folding of the hair cuticula and to compare the findings with normal control.
Methods: Hairs of two affected patients and one control were embedded in resin and cut lengthwise to produce ultra-thin sections.