Proteomic Analysis of Response to Oxidative Stress Mediated by Cocoa Polyphenols Extract.

The present study addressed the protective effects against oxidative stress (OS) of a cocoa powder extract (CPEX) on the protein expression profile of . A proteomic analysis was performed after culture preincubation with CPEX either without stress (-OS) or under stress conditions (+OS) (5 mM of HO). LC-MS/MS identified 33 differentially expressed proteins (-OS: 14, +OS: 19) that were included By Gene Ontology analysis in biological processes: biosynthesis of amino acids, carbohydrate metabolism and reactive oxygen species metabolic process.

Genetic structure and evolution of natural populations of viruses causing the tomato yellow leaf curl disease in Spain.

The population structure and genetic variation of two begomoviruses: tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in tomato crops of Spain were studied from 1997 until 2001. Restriction digestion of a genomic region comprised of the CP coat protein gene (CPR) of 358 TYLC virus isolates enabled us to classify them into 14 haplotypes. Nucleotide sequences of two genomic regions: CPR, and the surrounding intergenic region (SIR) were determined for at least two isolates per haplotype.