Sarcopenic obesity does not impair lower limb strength and physical performance in sufficiently active older adults: a cross-sectional study.

This study investigated the associations of sarcopenic obesity (SO) with muscle strength and physical performance in sufficiently active older adults. Data from 72 older sarcopenic obese adults classified as sufficiently active were analyzed. Participants were categorized into four groups based on sex and SO status.

Depression Symptoms Amongst Older Brazilian and Chinese Women Submitted to Different Social Distancing Measures Rigidness During COVID-19 Outbreak.

Background: It is plausible that depression symptoms and disrupting sleep quality were differently affected according to the rigidity of social distancing during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Objective: To describe and compare depression symptoms and sleep quality amongst older Brazilian and Chinese women who were submitted to different social distancing measures (less rigid (Brazil) versus more rigid (China)).

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study assessed urban older women who underwent home confinement with less (Brazil; n=1015) or more (China; n=644) rigidity.

Non-rigorous versus rigorous home confinement differently impacts mental health, quality of life and behaviors. Which one was better? A cross-sectional study with older Brazilian adults during covid-19 first wave.

Background: The implementation of social distancing measures during covid-19 influenced health outcomes and population´s behaviors, and its rigidity was very different across countries. We aimed to verify the association between the rigidity of social distancing measures of covid-19 first wave with depression symptoms, quality of life and sleep quality in older adults.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 1023 older adults (90% women; 67.

Characteristics of resistance training-based protocols in older adults with sarcopenic obesity: a scoping review of training procedure recommendations.

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical and functional disease characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia. Resistance training (RT) characteristics for older adults with sarcopenia or obesity are already well established in the scientific literature. Nonetheless, we still do not know how detailed the RT protocols are described for older adults with SO.

Handgrip strength conditional tolerance regions suggest the need for personalized sarcopenia definition: an analysis of the American NHANES database.

Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) is a well-established clinical biomarker that assesses functional capacity in older populations. In addition, HGS is a diagnostic tool that forecasts aging health conditions, such as sarcopenia.

Aims: This paper provides HGS statistical tolerance regions and presents the need to establish HGS reference values according to patients' characteristics.

Moderate Physical Activity Reduces the Odds of Sarcopenia in Community- dwelling Older Women: A Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: The time spent in different physical activity (PA) intensities is associated with sarcopenia risk for community-dwelling older women.

Aim: To evaluate the role of sitting time and physical activity (PA) level as predictors of sarcopenia odds.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, physically independent older women (n = 67) performed the six-minute walk test to identify functional limitation (≤ 400 m).

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass Prediction in People Living With HIV: A Cross-sectional Study.

People living with HIV (PWH) experience an accelerated aging process. There is no anthropometric predictive model for appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in PWH. This study develops anthropometric models to predict and validate ASM measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in PWH; DXA scans were obtained for 125 PWH (male = 74; age >18 years) on antiretroviral therapy.

Anthropometric equations to estimate appendicular muscle mass from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA): A scoping review.

Background: Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) obtained from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is recommended to quantify sarcopenia, but has limited availability in disadvantaged-income countries, moreover in an epidemiological context. Predictive equations are easier and less costly to apply, but a review of all available models is still lacking in the scientific literature. The objective of this work is to map, with a scoping review, the different proposed anthropometric equations to predict ASM measured by DXA.

Association of minimally processed and ultra-processed food daily consumption with obesity in overweight adults: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: food type represents higher odds of having obesity (OB), especially in overweight (OW) subjects. Minimally and ultra-processed foods can be associated with the odds of having OB in OW subjects. Objective: to investigate the association of minimally and ultra-processed food consumption with OB in OW adults.

Multicompartment body composition analysis in older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: During aging, changes occur in the proportions of muscle, fat, and bone. Body composition (BC) alterations have a great impact on health, quality of life, and functional capacity. Several equations to predict BC using anthropometric measurements have been developed from a bi-compartmental (2-C) approach that determines only fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM).

Behavioral, Sociodemographic, and Sleep Correlates of Symptoms of Depression amongst Older Brazilian Females According to Age: A Cross- Sectional Network Analysis.

Background: Examining the interrelationships between symptoms of depression and sociodemographic and behavioral correlates is challengeful using traditional regression analysis.

Objective: to identify the sociodemographic, movement behaviors, and sleep correlates that contribute the most to symptoms of depression in Brazilian older females, using a network analysis approach.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 1019 older females from Brazil.

Nutritional status, health risk behaviors, and eating habits are correlated with physical activity and exercise of brazilian older hypertensive adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nutritional status, health risk behaviors, eating habits, and other comorbidities (such as diabetes) may be associated with recommended amounts of physical activity (PA) and exercise (EX) in healthy older adults. However, these associations are still unclear for older hypertensive adults, who require greater care from health professionals. The purpose of this study was to associate the nutritional status, health risk behaviors, eating habits, and the presence of diabetes with recommended amounts of physical activity and exercise practice of older hypertensive adults.

Handgrip strength asymmetry cut points to identify slow gait speed in six low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional analysis with 12,669 older adults.

Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry is associated with slow gait speed. Both mark muscle dysfunction, potential risk of falls, and adverse health outcomes. This association was found in older adults from high-income countries, but not yet studied in low- and middle-income countries.

Being Physically Active Leads to Better Recovery Prognosis for People Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The regular practice of physical activity helps in the prevention and control of several non-communicable diseases. However, evidence on the role of physical activity in mitigating worsening clinical outcomes in people with COVID-19 is still unclear. The aim of this study was to verify whether different levels of physical activity provide protection for clinical outcomes caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The role of physical activity in the clinical outcomes of people diagnosed with Covid-19: A systematic review.

Objective: This review aimed to compile the evidence on PA and clinical outcomes of people receiving a positive diagnosis of covid-19.

Design: Systematic review.

Methods: The search was performed in five databases: EMBASE, MEDLINE via PubMed portal, Scopus, SPORTDiscus via EBSCO platform, and Web of Science.

Acute and chronic cardiometabolic responses induced by resistance training with blood flow restriction in HIV patients.

Resistance training with blood flow restriction (RTBFR) allows physically impaired people living with HIV (PWH) to exercise at lower intensities than traditional resistance training (TRT). But the acute and chronic cardiac and metabolic responses of PWH following an RTBFR protocol are unknown. The objective was to compare the safety of acute and chronic effects on hemodynamic and lipid profiles between TRT or RTBFR in PWH.

Foreign allometric exponents adequately normalize isokinetic knee extension strength to identify muscle weakness and mobility limitation in Portuguese older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Identifying muscle weakness is challenging, because the reduction of strength with aging does not depend only on sarcopenia, but also on sensorimotor deficits. Nevertheless, this identification is improved by adjusting muscle strength allometrically, by removing the influence of body size. However, the effectiveness of foreign models to normalize these (dys)functionalities is not yet tested.

Otago Exercise Program Plus Cognitive Dual-task can Reduce Fall Risk, Improve Cognition and Functioning in Older Adults.

Background: The risk of falling increases with neuromusculoskeletal and cognitive changes resulting from aging. Physical exercise shows beneficial effects on the risk of falling, but the results are unknown when associated with cognitive activity dual-task (DT).

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the impacts of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) plus DT cognitive activity on the risk of falling in older adults.

Sleep Quality and Quality of Life Among Older Adults During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Although home confinement reduces the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, it may negatively impact the psychological and physical health of older adults.

Objective: The present study attempted to describe the quality of life (QoL) of older adults before and during the COVID-19 outbreak, focusing on evaluating QoL, physical activity, sitting time, and sleep quality during home confinement.

Methods: The present study was conducted in 1,063 older adults (91 % females) enrolled in a Brazilian social program.

Identification of muscle weakness in older adults from normalized upper and lower limbs strength: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To propose cut-off points for older adults' weakness for upper and lower limbs muscle strength normalized by body size with the ratio standard/muscle quality and allometric scaling.

Methods: Ninety-four community-dwelling older adults (69.1% women) were assessed for 49 body-size variables (anthropometry, body composition and body indexes), handgrip strength (HGS), one maximum repetition measurement for knee extensors (1RM), isokinetic knee extension peak torque at 60°/s (PT), and six-minute walk test (6MWT).

Normalizing calf circumference to identify low skeletal muscle mass in older women: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: functional limitation is a result of sarcopenia and is associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Cost-effective methods are important for the identification of sarcopenia. Objective: to propose cutoff points for normalized calf circumference (CC) in order to identify low SMM in older women based on their functional limitation.