Progression of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ from the Pathological Perspective.

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) now represents up to 20% of breast cancer cases, yet its behaviour is still poorly understood. Morphological classifications go some way to predicting prognosis, but more sophisticated approaches are required to better tailor therapy to the individual. A number of biological molecules have been identified that appear to relate to prognosis and, in model systems, promote progression to invasive disease.