Can axillary lymphadenectomy be avoided in breast cancer with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy? Predictors of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis.

Purpose: Completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) can currently be avoided in those patients with a low tumor load (LTL) and/or a low-risk profile that tested with positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). Our objective is to identify prognostic factors that significantly influence axillary lymph node involvement to identify patients who could benefit from surgery without axillary lymphadenectomy.

Methods: This is an observational retrospective study of consecutive patients diagnosed and operated of breast cancer between 2000 and 2014 at University Hospital La Ribera (UHR).

Detection of new cry genes of Bacillus thuringiensis by use of a novel PCR primer system.

On the basis of the known cry gene sequences of Bacillus thuringiensis, three sets of primers were designed from four conserved blocks found in the delta-endotoxin-coding region. The primer pairs designed amplify the regions between blocks 1 and 5, 2 and 5, and 1 and 4. In silico analyses indicated that 100% of the known three-domain cry gene sequences can be amplified by these sets of primers.

Effect of blood source on the survival and fecundity of the sandfly Lutzomyia ovallesi Ortiz (Diptera: Psychodidae), vector of Leishmania.

Introduction: The reproductive potential of sandflies depends on various factors, one of which is the type of host available as blood source, which is important in determining their capacity to serve as vectors.

Objective: The present study evaluated the effect of the animal blood source on various biological parameters of Lutzomyia ovallesi (Ortiz) under laboratory conditions.

Materials And Methods: Two-day-old females from a L.

Designing for diversity: incorporating cultural competence in prevention programs for urban youth.

Low-income urban youth of color frequently confront a wide variety of challenges and hardships that other young people never experience. The offering of prevention programs represents one strategy to help urban youth avoid the risks associated with substance abuse. In this chapter, an alternative program strategy is posited-one that places diversity with respect to culture, class, and environment at the center of prevention efforts.