Consensus of the Brazilian Headache Society (SBCe) for the Prophylactic Treatment of Episodic Migraine: part I.

The Brazilian Headache Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Cefaleia, SBCe, in Portuguese) nominated a Committee of Authors with the aim of establishing a consensus with recommendations regarding prophylactic treatment for episodic migraine based on articles published in the worldwide literature, as well as personal experience. Migraine affects 1 billion people around the world and more than 30 million Brazilians. In addition, it is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disorder.

Association of bruxism and anxiety symptoms among military firefighters with frequent episodic tension type headache and temporomandibular disorders.

Objective: To assess the presence of bruxism and anxiety among military firefighters with frequent episodic tension-type headache and painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Methods: The sample consisted of 162 individuals aged 18 to 55 years divided into four groups. Headache was diagnosed in accordance with the International Classification of Headache Disorders-III.

Painful temporomandibular disorder, sleep bruxism, anxiety symptoms and subjective sleep quality among military firefighters with frequent episodic tension-type headache. A controlled study.

Objective: To investigate associations of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), bruxism, anxiety and sleep quality among military firefighters with frequent episodic tension-type headache (FETTH).

Methods: The sample comprised two groups (80 individuals): controls (mean age 35.2 years) and study group (mean age 38.

Neuropathic Pain Treatment: Still a Challenge.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is the result of a series of conditions caused by diseases or lesions to the somatosensory system. Due to the better understanding of NP pathophysiology previously unexplored therapies have been used with encouraging results. In this group, acetyl-L-carnitine, alpha-lipoic-acid, cannabinoids, clonidine, EMA401, botulinum toxin type A and new voltage-gated sodium channel blockers, can be included.

The Influence of Fear of Falling on Orthostatic Postural Control: A Systematic Review.

Posture is a complex sensory-motor behavior that can be influenced by the fear of falling (FoF) during environmental changes. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of FoF on orthostatic postural control in healthy individuals by a systematic review. Thirteen articles were selected.

Motor Imagery and Its Effect on Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: An Integrative Review.

The motor imagery (MI) has been proposed as a treatment in the complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1), since it seems to promote a brain reorganization effect on sensory-motor areas of pain perception. The aim of this paper is to investigate, through an integrative critical review, the influence of MI on the CRPS-1, correlating their evidence to clinical practice. Research in PEDro, Medline, Bireme and Google Scholar databases was conducted.

The prevalence and clinical characteristics of primary headache in irritable bowel syndrome: a subgroup of the functional somatic syndromes.

Context: The irritable bowel syndrome and primary headache are two chronic diseases characterized by symptoms of recurring pain and affect approximately 10%-20% of the general population.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of primary headache in volunteers with irritable bowel syndrome in a Brazilian urban community.

Methods: It was evaluated the prevalence of primary headache associated with irritable bowel syndrome in adult volunteers 330 no patients.

Prevalence and burden of headaches as assessed by the health family program.

Background: Unified health systems often have Family Health Programs (FHPs) as a core component of their preventive and early curative strategies. In Brazil, the FHP is established to proactively identify diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.

Objective: To use the FHP in order to assess the prevalence of primary headaches, as per the Second Edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders in a Brazilian city covered by the program, and to document the burden of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) in this population.

Ankle-brachial index, a screening for peripheral obstructive arterial disease, and migraine - a controlled study.

Background: Epidemiological studies support the association between migraine, especially migraine with aura, and vascular disorders. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is largely used as a surrogate of peripheral obstructive arterial disorders (POAD). Accordingly, in this study we contrasted the ABI in individuals with migraine and in controls.

Judgment of line orientation depends on gender, education, and type of error.

Visuospatial tasks are particularly proficient at eliciting gender differences during neuropsychological performance. Here we tested the hypothesis that gender and education are related to different types of visuospatial errors on a task of line orientation that allowed the independent scoring of correct responses ("hits", or H) and one type of incorrect responses ("commission errors", or CE). We studied 343 volunteers of roughly comparable ages and with different levels of education.

Postmeningitis headache: case report.

We report a case of a 18-year-old female patient that developed a migraine-like headache following an acute meningococcal meningitis. She had no previous history of recurrent headaches. The pain was intense, pulsatile and throbbing, typically unilateral, without aura.

[Episodic tension-type headache: clinical evaluation of 50 patients].

A case series study of 50 consecutive patients with episodic tension type headache (ETTH) was conducted. Clinical aspects, family history and impact on work activities were studied. The casuistry was made up of 40 women and 10 men.

Remission of refractory chronic cluster headache after warfarin administrations: case report.

Isolated reports of a possible positive effect of anti-coagulant drugs, among them heparin, warfarin and acenocumarol, in migraine prophylaxis are found in the literature. We report the case of a 37 years old man suffering from refractory chronic cluster headache that presented remission with the administration of warfarin for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis associated to arterial thrombosis. We did not found any case like that in the literature.

[Age as an independent risk factor for secondary headaches].

Objective: To verify if the age is a risk factor for secondary headaches, regardless the time interval since the onset of the headache complaint.

Method: 1131 patients were selected, with the main complaint of headache. The ratio of secondary headaches was evaluated and compared between young and elderly patients in general; between individuals with headache starting before and after 60 years of age; and between young and elderly subjects with headache having started for less than one year.

[Depressive symptoms and anxiety in patients with chronic and episodic tension-type headache].

Background: Tension-type headache (TTH) is recognized as the most prevalent type of headache. Despite this, there is a limited understanding of the entity's physiology, epidemiology, and clinical presentation. Anxiety and depression are recognized comorbidities present among patients with TTH.

[Precipitating factors of migraine attacks in patients with migraine without aura].

To study the distribution of triggers of migraine in a selected population, 100 patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for migraine without aura as proposed by the International Headache Society were evaluated by means of a personal interview. Stress was the most cited trigger, triggering migraine in 76%. Afterwards, in descending order of frequency, were cited sensorial stimuli (75%), sleep deprivation (49%), hunger (48%), environmental factors (47%), food (46%), menses (39%), fatigue (35%), alcohol (28%), sleep excess (27%), caffeine (22%), physical exertion (20%), head trauma (20%), trips (4%), sexual activity (3%), medications (2%), neck movements (2%), smoking (1%) and the use of a low pillow (1%).