Whole Genome Sequence-Based Analysis of Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 4 Isolated from Bovine Abortions.

Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoGHV4) is a member of the subfamily, genus. Its natural host is the bovine, and it is prevalent among the global cattle population. Although the complete genome of BoGHV4 has been successfully sequenced, the functions of most of its genes remain unknown.

Chitosan-Based Formulations Intended as Protective Spray for Mask Surfaces in Prevention of Coronavirus Dissemination.

The extraordinary occurrence of COVID-19 by the fast expansion of viral infections has propelled particular interest in developing novel antiviral and virucidal agents to guarantee personal security. The main objective of this work is to propose novel formulations able to optimize the use of personal protection elements. In recent years, chitosan (CH) has attracted attention for being an interesting multifunctional, biodegradable, non-antigenic, non-toxic, and biocompatible natural polymer with antimicrobial properties.

Study of the dynamics of in vitro infection with bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 and apoptosis markers in susceptible cells.

Bovine gammaherpesvirus type 4 (BoHV-4) shows tropism for the endometrium, in which it causes the death of epithelial and stroma cells. Despite having anti-apoptotic genes in its genome, experiments based on immortalized cell lines have shown that BoHV-4 induces cell death by apoptosis. In the present study, we evaluated BoHV-4 replication, pro-apoptotic (Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) mitochondrial genes expression and chromatin condensation in bovine endometrium primary culture cells (BEC) and in the Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line.

Genetic characterization of bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) isolates from Argentine cattle suggests a complex evolutionary scenario.

Bovine herpevsirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a gammaherpesvirus that has been associated with different clinical conditions in cattle. In Argentina, BoHV-4 was detected in diverse bovine samples. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic relationship of 48 field BoHV-4 strains isolated from cattle in Argentina.

Analysis of the anti-apoptotic v-Bcl2 and v-Flip genes and effect on in vitro programmed cell death of Argentinean isolates of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4).

Some viruses encode inhibitory factors of apoptosis during infection to prolong cell viability and then to achieve a higher production of viral progeny or facilitate persistent infections. There is evidence that some gammaherpesviruses, including BoHV-4, carry genes that can both inhibit or induce apoptosis. BoHV-4 possesses two genes (ORF16 and ORF71) that code for proteins with anti-apoptotic functions, such as v-Bcl2 and v-Flip, respectively.

Analysis of the transcripts encoding for antigenic proteins of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4.

The major glycoproteins of bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gB, gH, gM, gL, and gp180 with gB, gH, and gp180 being the most glycosylated. These glycoproteins participate in cell binding while some act as neutralization targets. Glycosylation of these envelope proteins may be involved in virion protection against neutralization by antibodies.

Comparative analysis of replicative properties of phylogenetically divergent, Argentinean BoHV-4 strains in cell lines from different origins.

Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV4) is a member of the family Herpesviridae. In Argentina, BoHV4 was isolated and characterized in 2007 from samples of aborted cows. Argentinean isolates are highly divergent and are classified as: Genotype 1(Movar-like), Genotype 2 (DN599-like) and Genotype 3 (a novel group).

Bovine herpesvirus type 5 replication and induction of apoptosis in vitro and in the trigeminal ganglion of experimentally-infected cattle.

Bovine herpesvirus (BoHV) types 1 and 5 are neuroinvasive. Cases of BoHV-1-induced encephalitis are not as frequent as those caused by BoHV-5. In this study, the capability of BoHV-5 to induce apoptosis in cell cultures and in the trigeminal ganglion during acute infection of experimentally-infected cattle was analyzed.

Involvement of toll-like receptors 3 and 7/8 in the neuropathogenesis of bovine herpesvirus types 1 and 5.

Bovine herpesvirus types 1 (BoHV-1) and 5 (BoHV-5) are closely related alpha-herpesviruses. BoHV-5 is the causal agent of non-suppurative meningoencephalitis in calves. BoHV-1 causes respiratory disease, abortions, genital disorders and, occasionally, encephalitis in cattle.

[Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4): general aspects of the biology and status in Argentina].

Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) has been isolated from cattle with respiratory infections, vulvovaginitis, mastitis, abortions, endometritis and from apparently healthy animals throughout the world. Although it has not yet been established as causal agent of a specific disease entity, it is primarily associated with reproductive disorders of cattle. This virus can infect a wide range of species, either in vivo or in vitro.

Spanish consensus on the physical health of patients with depressive disorders.

Comorbidity between depression and physical illnesses is very common and has a significant impact on the health and management of the patient. With the support of the Sociedades Españolas de Psiquiatría y Psiquiatría Biológica, and Sociedad Española de Médicos de Atención Primaria (SEMERGEN) a consensus was prepared on physical health in patients with depression and is summarized in the present work. The literature review highlighted the high frequency of cardiovascular and endocrine-metabolic disorders in patients with depression such as diabetes and obesity, thus making the primary and secondary prevention recommendations for patients with cardiovascular or metabolic risk applicable to patients with depression.