Pediatric kidney transplantation in Europe, a clinical snapshot pilot.

Background: Pediatric kidney transplantations are rarely performed, and there is limited knowledge about the diversity in current clinical practices across Europe. This study aims to explore the utility of clinical snapshot studies in identifying these disparities, establishing a foundation for future snapshot studies and standardization efforts.

Methods: A pilot clinical snapshot study was conducted, with invitations extended to all 109 pediatric kidney transplant centres in Europe.

Augmentation cystoplasty in children with neuropathic bladder: long-term outcomes after 30 years experience.

Background: Augmentation cystoplasty (AC) is a useful alternative for the treatment of neuropathic bladder, although there are few studies reporting long-term results. We assess our experience over the last 30-years.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in patients with neuropathic bladder in whom AC was performed in our institution between 1990-2020.

Bladder duplication in a patient with a persistent urogenital sinus: Case report and systematic review of the literature.

Bladder duplication (BD) is a rare malformation that is often associated to other anomalies. We report a newborn diagnosed with BD in the sagittal plane, associated to persistent urogenital sinus (UGS), given the opening of the vagina immediately below the bladder neck. It is the fourth time this association is reported.

Long-term outcome of pediatric renal transplantation with donors younger than 6 years.

Background: Renal transplantation is currently the best treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the use of kidneys from donors under 6 years of age as a possibility to increase the organ pool in pediatric recipients remains a controversial matter. We aimed to investigate whether donor age is associated to the long-term functionality of the renal graft.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of primary vesicoureteral reflux evolution in children with associated acute pyelonephritis.

Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been recently postulated as an inflammatory biomarker for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The aim of this study is to determine the role of NLR as a predictor of evolution of primary VUR in patients with associated acute pyelonephritis (APN).

Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was performed in patients with APN episodes with associated primary VUR diagnosed between 2013-2020.

Simultaneous bladder augmentation and artificial urinary sphincter placement in children with neuropathic urinary incontinence. Is it safe to perform? Long-term results.

Introduction: Simultaneous performance of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) placement and bladder augmentation (BA) in patients with neuropathic bladder is currently controversial.

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe our very long-term results after a median follow-up of 17 years.

Study Design: A retrospective single-center case-control study was performed in patients with neuropathic bladder treated in our institution between 1994 and 2020, in whom AUS placement and BA were performed simultaneously (SIM group) or sequentially at different times (SEQ group).

The role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of testicular torsion in children.

Introduction: Doppler ultrasound constitutes the gold standard for the diagnosis of testicular torsion (TT), although sometimes the spermatic cord twisting and absence of testicular flow are difficult to visualize. To date, no laboratory markers have been shown to be useful for preoperative TT diagnosis.

Objective: Our aim is to analyze the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a predictor of pediatric TT.

Artificial urinary sphincter in congenital neuropathic bladder: Very long-term outcomes.

Objective: Artificial urinary sphincter has been used to treat urinary incontinence in children with neuropathic bladder, although there are few studies reporting very long-term results. We assess our experience over the last 27 years in the management of artificial urinary sphincter.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in patients with neuropathic bladder in whom an artificial urinary sphincter was placed in our institution between 1994 and 2020.

Buried penis surgical treatment in children: Dorsal dartos flap VS. Fascia fixation. A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Several surgical techniques for buried penis (BP) treatment have been described, although there is not a reference pattern for it. In our institution, we have traditionally performed penis fixation to Buck's fascia at 3 points. In 2014 we introduced a dorsal dartos flap technique, fixed at both sides of the penis base.

[Kidney transplantation in pediatric age.].

Kidney transplantation (KT) is the best treatment for children in end-stage renal disease. KT has less mortality than dialysis and provides a better quality of life. Thus, the inclusion criteria have been progressively broadened.

Creation of Tissue-Engineered Urethras for Large Urethral Defect Repair in a Rabbit Experimental Model.

Tissue engineering is a potential source of urethral substitutes to treat severe urethral defects. Our aim was to create tissue-engineered urethras by harvesting autologous cells obtained by bladder washes and then using these cells to create a neourethra in a chronic large urethral defect in a rabbit model. A large urethral defect was first created in male New Zealand rabbits by resecting an elliptic defect (70 mm) in the ventral penile urethra and then letting it settle down as a chronic defect for 5-6 weeks.

Long-Term Renal Transplant Outcome in Patients With Posterior Urethral Valves. Prognostic Factors Related to Bladder Dysfunction Management.

To obtain a successful renal transplant (RT) outcome in patients with posterior urethral valves (PUV), it is necessary to accomplish an adequate bladder dysfunction treatment. Our aim was to determine prognostic factors related to bladder dysfunction management in long-term RT outcome in patients with PUV. A retrospective review of patients with PUV who received a first RT after 1985 in our institution with at least 5 years of follow-up was performed.

Upside-down kidney placement: An alternative in pediatric renal transplantation.

Purpose: "Upside-down" kidney placement has been reported as an acceptable alternative in cases of technical difficulty in kidney transplantation but there are few reports in the pediatric population. The aim of our study is to analyze whether the placement of the upside-down kidney could affect graft outcome or produce more complications.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of pediatric kidney transplants performed in our center between 2005 and 2017 with at least 6 months' follow-up.

[Impact of COVID-19 during de-escalation in pediatric urology.].

Medical and surgical priorities have changed dramatically following the COVID-19 pandemic declaration. The rapid spread of the virus and the high number of cases has saturated the health system in our country and has forced many hospitals to redistribute resources to care for infected patients. This has led to asignificant reduction in surgical activity, in some cases reaching the point of delaying all elective interventions by performing only urgent interventions.

Long-term outcomes of adult-size and size-matched kidney transplants in small pediatric recipients.

Introduction: Adult-size kidneys are usually used for kidney transplantation in small pediatric recipients, but the influence of graft size in transplant outcome remains controversial. Our aim is to compare long-term transplant outcomes of using adult-size and size-matched kidneys in small pediatric recipients.

Materials And Methods: Since 1999, 61 of 226 kidney transplants were achieved in recipients weighing <20 kg with 5 years of follow-up.

Penile Reconstruction with Skin Grafts and Dermal Matrices: Indications and Management.

 The penis eventually needs specific cutaneous coverage in the context of reconstructive procedures following trauma or congenital anomalies. Local flaps are the first choice but are not always available after multiple previous procedures. In these cases, skin graft and dermal matrices should be considered.

[Testicular tumours in children: Indications for testis-sparing surgery].

Introduction And Objectives: Although standard surgical treatment of a testicular tumour is orchiectomy, use can be made of testis-sparing surgery in selected cases, based on tumour markers, tumour size, and histopathological findings. Our objective is to become acquainted with the indications of testis-sparing surgery as a treatment for the incidental finding of a palpable and non-palpable testicular mass.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 22 patients younger than 18 years diagnosed with a testicular tumour between 2000 and 2014.

Testicular and paratesticular tumors in children.

Objectives: Testicular (TT) and paratesticular (PT) tumors account for 1-2%of all infant solid tumors. Due to the increased frequency of benign tumors, conservative management is recommended. Our experience and the therapeutic approach adopted considering testis-sparing surgery, was reviewed.

[Virtual teaching (e-learning) in Pediatric Urology. Master and expert course programme].

Introduction: Currently there is a need for specific training and special dedication to pediatric urology (PU). Nevertheless, we lack of a continuous education program, which must be specific and multidisciplinary.

Objectives: To create a complementary training program in PU with the following differential characteristics: 1) University postgraduate, 2) internationally accredited, 3) multidisciplinary, 4) theoretical and practical, 5) through virtual teaching, 6) with on-site support, 7) academically directed and mentored, 8) based on individual and group self learning, 9) with international faculty and alumni 10) objectively evaluable.

Quality of Life in Female Epispadias.

Introduction and Aim Female epispadias is a rare congenital anomaly associated with significant urinary incontinence. This study aims to evaluate the results of its treatment in terms of continence, sexuality, and impact of incontinence on quality of life. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed nine patients (5-39 years) treated of female epispadias in our hospital during the period 1976-2013.