Replacing sulfate with hydroxychloride sources of trace minerals modulated the growth performance and plasma indicators of inflammation and energy metabolism in beef heifers during periods of feed restriction and adaptation to a high-starch diet.

This study evaluated the effects of different sources (sulfate vs. hydroxychloride) of Cu, Mn, and Zn during feed restriction and a high-starch diet on heifer growth performance. On day 0, Nelore heifers (n = 40) were stratified by body weight (BW = 238 ± 38 kg) and age (21 ± 1 mo), and individually allocated into 1 of the 40 drylot pens.

Blood protein adsorption on sulfonated chitosan and κ-carrageenan films.

Many strategies have been reported to improve compatibility of biopolymers using chemical and physical modifications. One possibility is the introduction of sulfonate groups (R-SO3(-)) in the chitosan chain. Another biopolymer with similar characteristics to those of heparin is κ-carrageenan.