Three versions of an atopic dermatitis case report written by humans, artificial intelligence, or both: Identification of authorship and preferences.

Background: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in scientific writing is rapidly increasing, raising concerns about authorship identification, content quality, and writing efficiency.

Objectives: This study investigates the real-world impact of ChatGPT, a large language model, on those aspects in a simulated publication scenario.

Methods: Forty-eight individuals representing 3 medical expertise levels (medical students, residents, and experts in allergy or dermatology) evaluated 3 blinded versions of an atopic dermatitis case report: one each human written (HUM), AI generated (AI), and combined written (COM).

Unmet needs in the management of hereditary angioedema from the perspective of Brazilian patients.

Introduction: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disease characterized by recurrent, potentially life-threatening angioedema episodes. Despite its severity, including the risk of asphyxiation, HAE often remains underdiagnosed. The disease significantly impacts patient quality of life (QoL), leading to anxiety, depression, and avoidance behaviors due to the unpredictable nature of attacks.

Successful treatment of severe atopic dermatitis and alopecia universalis with upadacitinib in a 29-year-old male patient.

A 29-year-old male patient had severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and alopecia universalis (AU) that could not be controlled by using classic therapy. He started taking upadacitinib and achieved an excellent response for both his AD and AU. Thus, upadacitinib represents a promising therapeutic approach for patients with severe AD and alopecia areata.

Hereditary angioedema classification: Expanding knowledge by genotyping and endotyping.

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) encompasses a group of diseases characterized by recurrent, genetically mediated angioedema associated with increased vascular permeability primarily due to bradykinin. The disease poses diagnostic challenges, leading to underdiagnosis and delayed therapy. Severe manifestations include laryngeal and intestinal angioedema, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality.

Impacts of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on leisure and transportation physical activity among healthcare workers.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic may lead to reduced physical activity (PA) in health care workers (HCWs).

Objective: To evaluate leisure and transport-related PA in HCW of a COVID-19-dedicated hospital during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 1,527 HCWs.

ABX464 (obefazimod) for patients with COVID-19 at risk for severe disease: miR-AGE, a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Background: ABX464 (obefazimod) is a small molecule that upregulates a single microRNA (miR-124) in immune cells and reduces the production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

Objective: We assessed the efficacy and safety of the standard of care (SoC) plus oral obefazimod (SoC plus ABX464), 50 mg once daily, versus the SoC plus placebo for prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who are at risk for severe disease.

Methods: Eligible patients for this phase 2/3 double-blind, placebo-controlled miR-AGE study were randomized (2:1) into 2 groups: SoC-ABX464 (n = 339) and SoC-placebo (n = 170).

Identifying the Characteristics of Responders and Nonresponders in a Behavioral Intervention to Increase Physical Activity Among Patients With Moderate to Severe Asthma: Protocol for a Prospective Pragmatic Study.

Background: Previous research has suggested that most adults improve their asthma control after a short-term behavioral intervention program to increase physical activity in daily life (PADL). However, the characteristics of individuals who respond and do not respond to this intervention and the medium-term response remain unknown.

Objective: This study aims to (1) identify the characteristics of adult responders and nonresponders with asthma to a behavioral intervention to increase physical activity and (2) evaluate the functional and clinical benefits in the medium term.

Are pediatricians familiar with hereditary angioedema?

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent episodes of subcutaneous or mucosal edema caused by excess bradykinin. The aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge of pediatricians about hereditary angioedema.

Methods: An online survey with 12 HAE-related and 14 demographics-related questions was e-mailed to all pediatricians who were members of the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (n = 17 145) once a week during the months of June and July 2021.

Multistep IgE Mast Cell Desensitization Is a Dose- and Time-Dependent Process Partially Regulated by SHIP-1.

Multistep mast cell desensitization blocks the release of mediators following IgE crosslinking with increasing doses of Ag. Although its in vivo application has led to the safe reintroduction of drugs and foods in IgE-sensitized patients at risk for anaphylaxis, the mechanisms of the inhibitory process have remained elusive. We sought to investigate the kinetics, membrane, and cytoskeletal changes and to identify molecular targets.

Latin American anaphylaxis registry.

Background: Recent data about clinical features, triggers and management of anaphylaxis in Latin America is lacking.

Objective: To provide updated and extended data on anaphylaxis in this region.

Method: An online questionnaire was used, with 67 allergy units involved from 12 Latin-American countries and Spain.

Development, validation and application of a questionnaire to qualify the indoor environmental exposure of patients with respiratory allergy.

Objective: Environmental control includes measures to prevent exposure to common aeroallergens in an individual's home. Questionnaires are part of the clinical practice of health assessment, and are also widely used in research. Our aim was to develop and validate a questionnaire to identify possible sources of aeroallergens present in the indoor environment.

Worsening of asthma control after COVID-19.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 enters lung cells angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Several studies suggest that interleukin-13, an important cytokine involved in T2 inflammation, reduces ACE2 expression, and therefore, asthma would not be a significant risk factor for the development of severe COVID-19. However, several asthma-related risk factors should be valued during the concurrent occurrence of asthma and COVID-19.

Basophil Activation Test as a Biomarker for Taxanes Anaphylaxis.

Introduction: Taxanes are widely used chemotherapy agents, and their administration, despite premedication, is associated with hypersensitivity reactions (HR) in up to 9% of patients, 1% of which are severe. The mechanisms of these reactions are not fully understood. Finding biomarkers for early diagnosis and better understanding the underlying mechanisms of these reactions are key to defining the best treatment strategy for patients.

Diagnosis and treatment of systemic mastocytosis in Brazil: Recommendations of a multidisciplinary expert panel.

Introduction: Systemic Mastocytosis comprises a group of neoplastic diseases characterized by clonal expansion and infiltration of mast cells into several organs. The diagnosis and treatment of this disease may be challenging for non-specialists.

Objective: Make suggestions or recommendations in Systemic Mastocytosis based in a panel of Brazilian specialists.

Clinical features of hereditary angioedema and warning signs (H4AE) for its identification.

Objectives: The study describes a case series of hereditary angioedema with C1 Inhibitor Deficiency (C1INH-HAE) in order to corroborate six clinical warning signs "HAAAAE (H4AE)" to enable early identification of this disease.

Methods: The authors analyzed the C1INH-HAE cohort to analyze the clinical aspects of the present study's patients and corroborate the six clinical warning signs of the Hereditary Angioedema Brazilian Guidelines. Data regarding demographics, the onset of disease, time to diagnosis, frequency of attacks per year, organs involved, triggers, crisis duration and their outcomes, and disease treatment were collected.

Case Report: Rapid Desensitization to Ocrelizumab for Multiple Sclerosis Is Effective and Safe.

Monoclonal antibodies have become a mainstay of treatment for many inflammatory diseases and malignancies. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system and a common cause of disability in young adults. Ocrelizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that targets CD20-positive B cells and has been approved in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Adherence to non-pharmacological preventive measures among healthcare workers in a middle-income country during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: Hospital and community setting.

This study assessed, using a self-reported questionnaire, the adherence to PPE (mask, gowns, and gloves) at the workplace, as well as to non-pharmacological preventive measures (NPPM) (physical distance defined as hardly ever and/or never approaches other people within 1.5 meters, social isolation as leaving home less than once a week, hand hygiene was defined as performing hand hygiene ≥ 6 times per period, and adherence to the use of a mask outside of the workplace was defined as on all outings and hardly ever and/or never removes the mask) outside of the workplace among 1,296 health care workers (HCWs), including if NPPM adherence was associated with COVID-19 in HCWs. High adherence to PPE was independently associated with younger age, professional category, work in an area of direct patient assistance; use of public transportation, or adherence to NPPM outside of the workplace.

Clinical, functional and inflammatory evaluation in asthmatic patients after a simple short-term educational program: a randomized trial.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical evolution, functional parameters and inflammatory activity of asthma in patients who submitted to an educational intervention. 58 adult patients over 18 years of age with partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma were randomized into an intervention group (IG) (N = 32) and a control group (CG) (N = 26) and evaluated for 12 weeks. The Asthma Control Test (ACT), Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), Asthma Quality Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires were applied.