Comparison of the GenCut Core Biopsy System to Transbronchial Biopsy Forceps for Flexible Bronchoscopic Lung Biopsy.

Background: Pulmonary nodules are increasingly detected on screening and routine chest imaging, leading to an increase in diagnostic procedures. Bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy (TBBx) is the most common diagnostic modality, with diagnostic yield between 43% and 86%, largely dependent on the use of navigational modalities. In 2015 a new biopsy tool by Medtronic, the GenCut core biopsy system [GenCut transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA)], was developed with the intention of improving yield in lung nodule biopsies.

Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation in fine needle aspiration of thyroid gland: Report of two cases.

Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation (SETTLE) is a rare, malignant tumor of the thyroid gland that typically affects young males and has a propensity for late metastasis. With fine needle aspiration (FNA) being a primary tool for diagnosis of thyroid lesions, there are rare reports of cytological features of SETTLE on FNA since its initial characterization 30 years ago . Here we report two cases of SETTLE, involving 9-year-old and 15-year-old male patients.

Spindle cell lesion on fine needle aspiration as an initial step for diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Report of a rare case.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare systemic disease of women of reproductive age characterized by proliferation of abnormal smooth muscle like cells (LAM cells). Patients with LAM characteristically present with chronic dyspnea and cough and less commonly with spontaneous pneumothorax. Manifestation of extrapulmonary LAM as an initial presenting symptom is rare with a renal angiomyolipoma and lymphangioleiomyoma being most common.

IgG4-Related Appendiceal Disease: A First Case Report Fulfilling All Pathological Diagnostic Criteria and With Concomitant S100-Positive Dendritic/Schwann Cell Hyperplasia.

IgG4-related disease is a recent entity that has been described in a wide variety of organ systems. A 46-year-old female presented with acute appendicitis accompanied by a mass-forming lesion, raising a concern for neoplasm, and therefore, hemicolectomy was performed. The lesion revealed a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate accompanied by storiform fibrosis and obliterative phlebitis.

Metastatic lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung treated with nivolumab: a case report and focused review of literature.

In recent years, significant advances have been made in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we present the first report of a patient with lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the lung, an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lung cancer, who was treated with nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. We also carry out a focused review to identify and examine studies of LELC of the lung in the literature.

Pathologic collision of inverted papilloma with esthesioneuroblastoma.

Background: Inverted papilloma (IP) of the nasal cavity is a benign tumor that represents 0.5-4% of all nasal tumors and have been known to rarely undergo malignant transformation to squamous carcinoma and even more rarely adenocarcinoma. Synchronous association with low-grade esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) has been reported in only one case report where a small-sized lesion was treated with surgery alone.

Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: awareness of unusual clinical presentations and morphology of the clear cell variant can prevent diagnostic errors.

Solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm predominantly reported in young women. It classically presents as a large tumor with cystic and solid components. The major differential diagnosis includes pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PanNET).

Does on-site adequacy evaluation reduce the nondiagnostic rate in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions?

Background: This retrospective study compared the nondiagnostic rate for endoscopic ultrasound-guided (EUS) fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of pancreatic lesions in 2 settings: 1 with and 1 without on-site evaluation.

Methods: The authors reviewed 381 consecutive cases and divided them into groups with and without on-site adequacy evaluation. For the group with on-site evaluation, cytopathology personnel prepared and evaluated Diff-Quik-stained direct smears and rinsed the remaining material in CytoLyt solution (Cytyc Corporation, Marlborough, Mass).

CyberKnife radiosurgery for inoperable stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography serial tumor response assessment.

Objective: To report serial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) tumor response following CyberKnife radiosurgery for stage IA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with biopsy-proven inoperable stage IA NSCLC were enrolled into this IRB-approved study. Targeting was based on 3-5 gold fiducial markers implanted in or near tumors.