Long-term evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous foaters.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters as it remains a controversial procedure due to insufficient robust evidence in the literature for the maintenance of the results and absence of adverse effects.

Methods: This is an observational extension to the previously presented prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Eight of thirteen subjects who underwent vitreolysis with YAG laser returned for a late reevaluation, 18 months after the procedure, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the procedure.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: systematic review and meta-analyses.

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are widely used for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSCR), but their effectiveness remains unclear. This research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this drugs for cCSCR.

Methods: This is a review of randomized clinical trials (RCT) comparing MRAs to placebo in adults with cCSCR, using the effects of MRAs on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and adverse events as primary outcomes and the effects of MRAs on anatomical parameters as secondary outcomes: central subfield thickness (CST), subretinal fluid height (SFH) and central choroidal thickness (CCT).

Low Visual Acuity Due to Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated with COVID-19: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Retinal sequelae have been reported in patients who have had COVID-19. This is a case report of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN), presenting with low visual acuity in the left eye, 14 days after the first symptoms of COVID-19 infection. CASE REPORT A 71-year-old woman presented for ophthalmological evaluation complaining of low visual acuity in the left eye, 14 days after the first symptoms of COVID-19 infection.

Efficacy and safety of Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis for symptomatic vitreous floaters: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Vitreous floaters are a common and inconvenient phenomena. This study aims to examine the efficacy and safety in treating vitreous floaters using Nd:YAG laser vitreolysis.

Methods: In this prospective double-blinded randomized clinical trial 24 eyes of twenty-four patients were randomized into intervention with YAG laser vitreolysis and control groups.

A study of the vitreoretinal interface in patients with age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To assess whether hyaloid adhesion is more prevalent in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) than in control patients and to evaluate whether it is more prevalent in exudative AMD than in non-exudative AMD.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, controlled analytical study. Patients from the Ophthalmology Department of the Public Service Hospital of the State of São Paulo were included if they were diagnosed with AMD that was confirmed by fundus biomicroscopy and fluorescein angiography.

Correlations Between Allergen-Specific IgE Serum Levels in Patients With Ocular Allergy.

Purpose: To evaluate ocular allergies in patients at the Hospital do Servidor Publico Estadual de Sao Paulo (HSPE) and the correlations with serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E levels.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal study of patients with ocular allergies who were treated at the Cornea and Immunology and Allergy Department. Patients underwent an ophthalmologic examination to identify their primary presenting signs and symptoms.

[Evaluation of macular edema after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery with implantation of intraocular lens by spectral domain optical coherence tomography].

Purpose: To evaluate macular edema after uncomplicated phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lens by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Prospective study was conducted in 62 eyes of patients underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lens. Patients were evaluated before surgery and after surgery at day 1, week 1, week 2 and week 4.

[Amsler grid and visual field on screening for chloroquine retinopathy].

Purpose: To compare the modified Amsler grid to the Humphrey(®) 10-2 red visual field in chloroquine users for the detection of early maculopathy, and to correlate with the risk variables.

Methods: The study included 116 eyes of 58 patients followed at the Department of Ophthalmology of Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo, from April, 2006 to April, 2008. All users had normal fundus and more than 2 years of chloroquine therapy.

[Application of corrective formula for intraocular pressure changes in patients that underwent LASIK].

Purpose: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) pre and post LASIK, correlating it to changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and average simulated keratometry (K), as well as verifying the results of a corrective formula previously proposed.

Methods: Longitudinal prospective study conducted in outpatients that underwent to LASIK. Patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, previously and 2 months after the surgery.

[Epidemiologic profile and level of knowledge among diabetic patients about diabetes and diabetic retinopathy].

Purpose: To assess the epidemiologic profile and level of knowledge of diabetic patients about diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Cross-sectional study with patients seen at Retina and Vitreous sector of Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo. The subjects were assigned into two groups: diabetic patients sent for first ophthalmologic evaluation (G1) and patient already followed in the sector (G2).

[Study of visual acuity and intraocular pressure in the treatment of macular diabetic edema with intravitreous triamcinolone].

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in patients with diffuse diabetic macular edema on the visual acuity and intraocular pressure. To report the potential adverse events and to analyze the potential relationship between age and visual acuity and intraocular pressure variability.

Methods: This clinical controlled study included 14 patients (28 eyes), 14 of the eyes received an intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of diabetic macular edema.

[Tissue plasminogen activator and intravitreal gas for the treatment of Terson's syndrome: case report].

The case of a 35 year-old male patient is reported. The patient had a clinical history of craniocerebral trauma and premacular hemorrhage of Terson syndrome in the left eye. After waiting for 45 days, without hemorrhage resolution, the patient received an intravitreal injection of sulfur hexafluoride gas and tPA; an almost complete hemorrhage absorption occurred after a week as well as a considerable improvement of visual acuity.

[Diagnostic methods for chloroquine diphosphate induced retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus].

Purpose: To evaluate different diagnostic methods for high risk chloroquine retinopathy due to prolonged use of chloroquine (more than 5 years) by systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Methods: Seventy-two eyes of 36 consecutive patients, followed in the Division of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, were analyzed from July 2007 to April 2008. Demographic and clinical data were evaluated in order to study risk factors and to compare the following different ophthalmological methods: visual acuity, biomicroscopy, fundus examination, retinography, fluorescein angiogram, visual field test and, color vision tests.

[Uveal effusion associated with presumed tuberculosis: case report].

The authors report a rare association of uveal effusion with presumed ocular tuberculosis in a male patient who presented clinical improvement with the systemic use of prednisone 40 mg/d and rifampicin 600 mg/d. In addition, relevant aspects of the uveal effusion such as the pathogenesis, evolution of the disease, differential diagnosis and treatment are described through a revision of the literature.

[Macular thickness analysis by optic coherence tomography in refractory diabetic macular edema treated with intravitreous triamcinolone].

Purpose: To assess the effect of intravitreal injections of triamcinolone on macular thickness (Stratus-OCT), intra-ocular pressure and visual acuity, in the treatment of diabetic macular edema non-responsive to previous laser photocoagulation, over a 6-month period.

Methods: The study included 21 subjects (22 eyes) who underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, measurements of visual acuity and intraocular pressure, and OCT, previously treated with at least 2 laser applications. The study participants were treated with 4 mg/0.

[Choroidal hemangioma with extensive retinal detachment treated with posterior vitrectomy: case report].

To describe a case of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma with extensive retinal detachment treated with vitrectomy and endolaser photocoagulation. Interventional case report. A 41-year-old female patient was examined with a 7-day history of blurred vision and progression of visual loss in the right eye in the last 2 days.

[Vasoproliferative tumor associated with presumed ocular tuberculosis: case report].

Purpose: To describe a case of vasoproliferative tumor associated with presumed ocular tuberculosis treated with cryotherapy and intravitreal triamcinolone injection.

Study Design/patient And Methods: Interventional case report. A 42-year-old female patient reported inflammation of the right eye 1 year ago, treated with oral prednisone for 30 days.

[Vitamins and antioxidants in age-related macular degeneration].

The author describes biochemical and structural effects of vitamins and antioxidants on the retina. The main substances present in diet food and vitamin supplies involved in the genesis of age-related macular degeneration are shown. Also reports on the outcomes of prospective studies related to the subject, by literature review are presented.

[Intravenous fluconazole use in the treatment of fungic endogenous endophthalmitis: case report].

The authors describe a case of endogenous Candida albicans endophthalmitis in one extremely low birth-weight newborn refractory to endovenous amphotericin B treatment that presented resolution with the use of endovenous fluconazole. Clinical aspects of endogenous Candida albicans endophthalmitis are also pointed out by a review of the literature.