Relative sparing of dopaminergic terminals in the caudate nucleus is a feature of rest tremor in Parkinson's disease.

Resting tremor (RT) is a Parkinson's disease (PD) symptom with an unclear relationship to the dopaminergic system. We analysed data from 432 subjects from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative, 57 additional PD patients and controls and 86 subjects referred for dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DaT-SPECT). Caudate binding ratio (CBR), but not putamen binding ratio, was higher in RT patients.

Lung function of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at 45 days after hospital discharge: first report of a prospective multicenter study in Brazil.

Objective: Because SARS-CoV-2 infection can severely affect the lungs and persistent functional changes can occur after severe disease, we aimed to determine lung function parameters of COVID-19 patients at 45 days after hospital discharge and compare changes according to the severity of the disease.

Methods: This was a prospective descriptive analytical multicenter study. The participants were allocated into three groups: ward admission (WA) group; ICU admission not on mechanical ventilation (ICU/MV-) group; and ICU admission on MV (ICU/MV+) group.

Short and long-term clinical impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Portugal according to different access routes: Data from the Portuguese National Registry of TAVI.

Introduction: The Portuguese National Registry of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation records prospectively the characteristics and outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedures in Portugal.

Objectives: To assess the 30-day and one-year outcomes of TAVI procedures in Portugal.

Methods: We compared TAVI results according to the principal access used (transfemoral (TF) vs.

Fournier's gangrene: a review of reconstructive options.

Introduction: Fournier's gangrene is a rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis of the genital and perineal tissues with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and treatment with fluid resuscitation, surgical debridement and wide-spectrum antibiotics are essential in the management of Fournier's gangrene. After primary treatment, reconstructive surgery is often necessary for coverage of soft-tissue defects.

Visual stimuli in intervention approaches for pre-schoolers diagnosed with phonological delay.

The aim of this study was to develop and content validate specific speech and language intervention picture cards: The Letter-Sound (L&S) cards. The present study was also focused on assessing the influence of these cards on letter-sound correspondences and speech sound production. An expert panel of six speech and language therapists analysed and discussed the L&S cards based on several criteria previously established.

Associated injuries in pediatric patients with facial fractures in Portugal: Analysis of 1416 patients.

Background: The authors performed a retrospective study to clarify the occurrence, causes, severity and predictors of concomitant injuries in pediatric patients with facial fractures in Portugal.

Methods: The clinical records of children and adolescents (0-18 years) with facial fractures treated by the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery and of Maxillofacial Surgery of São João Hospital, in Porto, Portugal, over a period of 20 years (1993-2012) were reviewed.

Results: A total of 1416 patients with facial fractures were included in this study.

Pediatric Facial Fractures: A Review of 2071 Fractures.

Background: Facial fractures are infrequent in children and adolescents, and there are only few reports that review a significant number of patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in pediatric patients of Portugal.

Study Design: We reviewed the clinical records of a series of 1416 patients 18 years or younger with facial fractures, treated by the Department of Plastic Reconstructive, Aesthetic and of Maxillofacial Surgery of São João Hospital, Porto, Portugal, between 1993 and 2012.

Eagle syndrome.

Eagle syndrome, also known as elongated styloid process, is a condition first described by Watt Eagle in 1937. It occurs when an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament causes recurrent throat pain or foreign body sensation, dysphagia, or facial pain. Additional symptoms may include neck or throat pain with radiation to the ipsilateral ear.

The impact of AIDS on income and human capital.

This paper studies the impact of HIV/AIDS on per capita income and education. It explores two channels on how HIV/AIDS affects income that have not been sufficiently stressed by previous literature: the reduction of the incentives to stay in school due to shorter expected longevity and the reduction in productivity of experienced workers. In the model, individuals live for three periods, may get infected in the second period, and with some probability die of AIDS before reaching the third period of their lives.

Gunshot upper extremity injury reconstructed with a fibula osteoseptocutaneous free flap (case report).

The management of upper extremity gunshot wound with soft tissue and bone injuries remains a remarkable problem and often requires sophisticated reconstructive strategies.There are limited reconstructive options for the treatment of segmental bone defects of the upper extremity exceeding 6 cm in length, especially when associated with soft tissue loss. Among the limited treatment options, the osteoseptocutaneous fibular transplantation is well established.

The use of forearm free fillet flap in traumatic upper extremity amputations.

Background: Complete traumatic upper extremity avulsions are an infrequent but devastating injury. These injuries are usually the result of massive blunt trauma to the upper limb. Intact issue from amputated or nonsalvageable limbs may be transferred for reconstruction of complex defects resulting from trauma when the indications for replantation are not met.

Fournier's gangrene: a review of 43 reconstructive cases.

Background: Fournier's gangrene is a rare and potentially fatal infectious disease characterized by necrotic fasciitis of the perineum and abdominal wall, along with the scrotum and penis in men and the vulva in women. Fournier's gangrene is a true surgical emergency. Skin loss can be very incapacitating and difficult to repair.

Parotid surgery: review of 107 tumors (1990-2002).

Tumors of the parotid gland are uncommon. We performed a retrospective study to analyze the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of a group of patients. We reviewed the clinical and the surgical records of a series of 109 patients who were recommended for surgery because of parotid tumors by the Plastic and Reconstructive Service of São João Hospital, Portugal, between 1990 and 2002.

Retrospective study of 1251 maxillofacial fractures in children and adolescents.

Background: Fractures of the facial skeleton are relatively uncommon in children and adolescents, and only a few reports review a significant number of patients. The authors performed a retrospective study to analyze the different characteristics of such fractures in the pediatric population of Portugal.

Methods: The authors reviewed the clinical records of a series of 912 patients 18 years of age or younger with facial fractures treated by the Departments of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery and of Maxillofacial Surgery, São João Hospital, in Porto, Portugal, between the years 1993 and 2002.

Cervical impalement injury.

Impacted injuries of the head and neck are uncommon. Associated injuries can be present and can be a serious problem. We present an unusual clinical case and discuss the management of this complex injury.

Etiology and patterns of pediatric mandibular fractures in Portugal: a retrospective study of 10 years.

Objective: To determine the pattern of occurrence of mandibular fractures in the pediatric population in Portugal.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study reviews the records of patients 18 years of age or younger from the 10-year period 1993 to 2002. Age, gender, anatomic site, cause of the accident, weekly and monthly variation, location and type of fractures, presence and location of associated injuries, treatment methods, and complications were reviewed.