Salivary markers of oxidative stress and periodontal pathogens in patients with periodontitis from Santander, Colombia.

Introduction: Periodontitis affects more than 20% of the Latin American population. Oxidative markers are associated with greater progression of periodontitis; therefore, its role in pathogenesis should be studied.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of the main oral bacteria and viruses associated with periodontitis and estimate the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in saliva from patients with periodontitis.

Using bispecific antibodies in forced degradation studies to analyze the structure-function relationships of symmetrically and asymmetrically modified antibodies.

Forced degradation experiments of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) aid in the identification of critical quality attributes (CQAs) by studying the impact of post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as oxidation, deamidation, glycation, and isomerization, on biological functions. Structure-function characterization of mAbs can be used to identify the PTM CQAs and develop appropriate analytical and process controls. However, the interpretation of forced degradation results can be complicated because samples may contain mixtures of asymmetrically and symmetrically modified mAbs with one or two modified chains.

Clinical characteristics of chronic kidney disease of nontraditional causes in Salvadoran farming communities.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a serious health problem in El Salvador. Since the 1990s, there has been an increase in cases unassociated with traditional risk factors. It is the second leading cause of death in men aged >18 years.

Predicting diafiltration solution compositions for final ultrafiltration/diafiltration steps of monoclonal antibodies.

Many liquid formulations for monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) require the final ultrafiltration/diafiltration step to operate at high protein concentrations, often at or above 100 g/L. When operating under these conditions, the excipient concentrations and pH of the final diafiltered retentate are frequently not equal to the corresponding excipient concentrations and pH of the diafiltration buffer. A model based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation combined with volume exclusion was extended to predict both pH and excipient concentrations in the retentate for a given diafiltration buffer.