Oxidant concentrations and photochemistry in a vehicle cabin.

Indoor air quality (IAQ) in vehicles can be important to people's health, especially for those whose occupations require them to spend extensive time in vehicles. To date, research on vehicle IAQ has primarily focused on direct emissions as opposed to chemistry happening in vehicle cabins. In this work, we conducted time-resolved measurements of the oxidants and oxidant precursors ozone (O), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and nitrous acid (HONO) inside the cabin of a 2012 Toyota Rav4 under varying ventilation conditions (, car off, car on with passive ventilation, car on with mechanical ventilation the recirculating fan, and car on with mechanical ventilation the direct fan).

Genomic decoding of Theobroma grandiflorum (cupuassu) at chromosomal scale: evolutionary insights for horticultural innovation.

Background: Theobroma grandiflorum (Malvaceae), known as cupuassu, is a tree indigenous to the Amazon basin, valued for its large fruits and seed pulp, contributing notably to the Amazonian bioeconomy. The seed pulp is utilized in desserts and beverages, and its seed butter is used in cosmetics. Here, we present the sequenced telomere-to-telomere genome of cupuassu, disclosing its genomic structure, evolutionary features, and phylogenetic relationships within the Malvaceae family.

Hydrogen peroxide emissions from surface cleaning in a single-family residence.

High levels of reactive chemicals may be emitted to the indoor air during household surface cleaning, leading to poorer air quality and potential health hazards. Hydrogen peroxide (HO)-based cleaners have gained popularity in recent years, especially in times of COVID-19. Still, little is known regarding the effects of HO cleaning on indoor air composition.

Exploitation of a short monolithic column for in-line separation and preconcentration: Environmental friendly determination of the emerging pollutant salicylic acid in natural waters.

Salicylic acid is an emerging environmental contaminant, usually found at ng/L concentrations in natural waters. Its quantification usually involves liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, which requires complex and costly instrumentation as well as time-consuming sample pretreatment, typically involving large solvent volumes. In this work, sequential injection chromatography was exploited to develop a fast, green, cost-effective, and highly sensitive procedure for fluorimetric determination of salicylic acid in natural waters.

Development of thalidomide-loaded biodegradable devices and evaluation of the effect on inhibition of inflammation and angiogenesis after subcutaneous application.

Purpose: To develop thalidomide-loaded poly-lactide-co-glycolide implants and evaluate its in vivo release and biological activity against inflammation and angiogenesis after subcutaneous administration.

Methods: Implants were prepared by the hot molding technique and characterized using stereomicroscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. Swiss mice, divided in groups 1-3, received a subcutaneous implant containing 25% (w/w), 50% (w/w) or 75% (w/w) of thalidomide, respectively (n=6).

Tacrolimus-loaded PLGA implants: in vivo release and ocular toxicity.

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo release and ocular toxicity of a tacrolimus-loaded PLGA intravitreal implant.

Methods: Tacrolimus-loaded PLGA implants were inserted into the vitreous cavity of rabbits' eye. At different time points, the vitreous was retrieved and the concentration of tacrolimus released from the implants was determined.

In vivo release and retinal safety of intravitreal implants of thalidomide in rabbit eyes and antiangiogenic effect on the chorioallantoic membrane.

Purpose: To evaluate the in vivo release, retinal safety and antiangiogenic effect of a thalidomide-loaded poly-lactide-co-glycolide intravitreal implant.

Methods: New Zealand white rabbits, divided into two groups, I and II, received an intravitreal implant containing or not thalidomide, respectively (n = 12). Intravitreal drug levels were determined during a six-week study period.