Five-factor personality traits and functional somatic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Functional Somatic Disorders (FSD) is an umbrella term for various conditions characterized by persistent and troublesome physical symptoms, that are not better explained by other psychiatric or somatic conditions. Personality traits may play a crucial role in FSD, but the link is not fully understood. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis examines the relationship between the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality traits and FSD.

Competitive co-diffusion as a route to enhanced step coverage in chemical vapor deposition.

Semiconductor devices are constructed from stacks of materials with different electrical properties, making deposition of thin layers central in producing semiconductor chips. The shrinking of electronics has resulted in complex device architectures which require deposition into holes and recessed features. A key parameter for such deposition is the step coverage (SC), which is the ratio of the thickness of material at the bottom and at the top.

An assessment of long-term complications following prehospital intraosseous access: A nationwide study.

Background: The guidelines for Advanced Life Support issued by the European Resuscitation Council recommend considering drug delivery through intraosseous access if intravenous access to the vascular bed is not feasible or unsuccessful. Emergency prehospital intraosseous cannulation may theoretically lead to an increased risk of long-term complications such as osteomyelitis, osteonecrosis, or compartment syndrome. Such complications have previously been reported in case reports or small sample case series.

Gastrointestinal Device-Mediated Delivery of mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticles Achieves Distinct Expression and Biodistribution in Mice and Pigs.

Recent investigations into autonomous ingestible microjet devices have demonstrated the feasibility of delivering many drug modalities directly into the gastrointestinal (GI) wall via the oral route. However, the expression and biodistribution of mRNA after such injections remain unexplored. mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) are promising therapeutics for treating or vaccinating against many diseases and pathogens.

Participation and relative cost of attendance by direct-mail compared to opt-in invitation strategy for HPV self-sampling targeting cervical screening non-attenders: A large-scale, randomized, pragmatic study.

Broad accessibility to cervical cancer screening and high participation rate is essential to reduce cervical cancer incidence. HPV self-sampling is an alternative to clinician collected cervical samples to increase accessibility and screening coverage. To inform on deployment strategies of HPV self-sampling, this large-scale, randomized, pragmatic study compared two invitation modalities; direct-mail and opt-in.

Cephalopod-inspired jetting devices for gastrointestinal drug delivery.

Needle-based injections currently enable the administration of a wide range of biomacromolecule therapies across the body, including the gastrointestinal tract, through recent developments in ingestible robotic devices. However, needles generally require training, sharps management and disposal, and pose challenges for autonomous ingestible systems. Here, inspired by the jetting systems of cephalopods, we have developed and evaluated microjet delivery systems that can deliver jets in axial and radial directions into tissue, making them suitable for tubular and globular segments of the gastrointestinal tract.

Salcaprozate-based ionic liquids for GLP-1 gastric delivery: A mechanistic understanding of in vivo performance.

Oral delivery of peptides requires formulations with high concentrations of permeation enhancer (PE) to promote absorption, and often necessitates fasting time between dosing and food ingestion. Improved formulations promoting a more rapid absorption would increase convenience of use but requires a faster onset of action. We have developed a salcaprozate-based ionic liquid (IL) formulation, namely choline salcaprozate (CHONAC), for oral delivery of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue via gastric absorption.

Prognostication with Thyroid GuidePx in the context of tall cell variants.

Background: The tall cell variant of papillary thyroid cancer generally has a worse prognosis compared with the classical variant. Thyroid GuidePx is a genomic classifier capable of classifying papillary thyroid cancer into 3 molecular subtypes using fine-needle aspirate. Type 1 and 2 have low recurrence rates, particularly in early tumors (1-4 cm and N0).

Podoplanin expressing macrophages and their involvement in tertiary lymphoid structures in mouse models of Sjögren's disease.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are formed in tissues targeted by chronic inflammation processes, such as infection and autoimmunity. In Sjögren's disease, the organization of immune cells into TLS is an important part of disease progression. Here, we investigated the dynamics of tissue resident macrophages in the induction and expansion of salivary gland TLS.

Missed opportunities to provide sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections testing in British Columbia: An interpretive description of users' experiences of Get Checked Online's design and implementation.

Background: Digital testing services for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs), such as GetCheckedOnline, experience significant user drop-offs. For example, 32% of GetCheckedOnline users needing testing at account creation do not test, constituting missed opportunities. We explored the influence of users' expectations and experiences of GetCheckedOnline's web design and implementation on missed opportunities.

Creative activities as intervention - Exploring occupational therapists' narrative reasoning.

Background: Creative activities as intervention (CaI) in mental health promotes recovery and is an important part of occupational therapy practice. Yet few studies have explored occupational therapists' reasoning about using CaI to trace tacit knowledge.

Aims/objectives: The aim of this study was to explore occupational therapists' reasoning on rationale and motives in co-creating a model (the CreActivity model) for CaI as a resource in mental health rehabilitation.

Choline-deficient, high-fat diet-induced MASH in Göttingen Minipigs: characterization and effects of a chow reversal period.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is increasing, and translational animal models are needed to develop novel treatments for this disease. The physiology and metabolism of pigs have a relatively high resemblance to humans, and the present study aimed to characterize choline-deficient and high-fat diet (CDAHFD)-fed Göttingen Minipigs as a novel animal model of MASLD/MASH. Göttingen Minipigs were fed CDAHFD for up to 5 mo, and the phenotype was investigated by the analysis of plasma parameters and repeated collection of liver biopsies.

Multimodal in-vivo maps as a tool to characterize retinal structural biomarkers for progression in adult-onset Stargardt disease.

Purpose: To characterize retinal structural biomarkers for progression in adult-onset Stargardt disease from multimodal retinal imaging in-vivo maps.

Methods: Seven adult patients (29-69 years; 3 males) with genetically-confirmed and clinically diagnosed adult-onset Stargardt disease and age-matched healthy controls were imaged with confocal and non-confocal Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus infrared (FIR), short wavelength-autofluorescence (FAF) and color fundus photography (CFP). Images from each modality were scaled for differences in lateral magnification before montages of AOSLO images were aligned with en-face FIR, FAF and OCT scans to explore changes in retinal structure across imaging modalities.

Meaning in life after cancer: Validation of the sources of meaning card method among participants in cancer rehabilitation.

Cancer survivors may be struggling to re-create meaning in life. Addressing their personal sources of meaning can support them in this process. The sources of meaning card method (SoMeCaM) aims to map and explore personal sources of meaning in a 1-h session.

A new setup for measurements of absolute saturation vapor pressures using a dynamical method: Experimental concept and validation.

We describe a new experimental system for direct measurements of the absolute saturation vapor pressures of liquid or solid samples. The setup allows the isolation of the sample under steady conditions in an ultra-high vacuum chamber, where the measurement of the sample's vapor pressure as a function of its temperature can be performed in a range around room temperature and in a pressure range defined only by the applied absolute pressure sensor. We characterize the setup and illustrate its capability to measure saturation vapor pressures as well as enthalpies of evaporation around room temperature with explicit measurements on four liquid compounds (diethyl phthalate, 1-decanol, 1-heptanol, and 1-hexanol) for which accurate vapor pressures have previously been reported.

Observation of Interatomic Coulombic Decay Induced by Double Excitation of Helium in Nanodroplets.

Interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) plays a crucial role in weakly bound complexes exposed to intense or high-energy radiation. So far, neutral or ionic atoms or molecules have been prepared in singly excited electron or hole states that can transfer energy to neighboring centers and cause ionization and radiation damage. Here we demonstrate that a doubly excited atom, despite its extremely short lifetime, can decay by ICD; evidenced by high-resolution photoelectron spectra of He nanodroplets excited to the 2s2p+ state.

Psychoeducational group interventions for adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: a scoping review of feasibility, acceptability, and outcome measures.

Introduction: Although psychoeducational group interventions are increasingly used for adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a comprehensive review focused on the feasibility and acceptability indicators of these interventions remains lacking. Furthermore, although previous research has explored various aspects of psychoeducation for ADHD, such as its definition and approaches, limited research has focused on the synthesis for outcome measures and patients' experiences related to these interventions. Therefore, this scoping review aims to map the existing evidence reported on psychoeducational group interventions for adults diagnosed with ADHD.

Participatory design of bodysymptoms.org: An interactive web resource to explain multisystem functional somatic symptoms.

Objective: There is a lack of trustworthy information about Functional Somatic Symptoms (FSS) on the internet. This means integrative bio-psycho-social explanations of FSS and related health advice are not readily available to the public. To explore and address this problem, we carried out the bodysymptoms project, with the aim to build a website which presents current widely accepted explanations for FSS and shows how different explanations are inter-connected.

Nanomolecularly-induced Effects at Titania/Organo-Diphosphonate Interfaces for Stable Hybrid Multilayers with Emergent Properties.

Nanoscale hybrid inorganic-organic multilayers are attractive for accessing emergent phenomena and properties through superposition of nanomolecularly-induced interface effects for diverse applications. Here, we demonstrate the effects of interfacial molecular nanolayers (MNLs) of organo-diphosphonates on the growth and stability of titania nanolayers during the synthesis of titania/MNL multilayers by sequential atomic layer deposition and single-cycle molecular layer deposition. Interfacial organo-diphosphonate MNLs result in ∼20-40% slower growth of amorphous titania nanolayers and inhibit anatase nanocrystal formation from them when compared to amorphous titania grown without MNLs.

Deaf on the Prairie: Combining Traditional and Contemporary Learning Theories.

This single case study concerns an 11-year-old girl, Agata, who recently moved to a rural community in the United States from the Philippines. Agata is profoundly deaf, has had no access to amplification, and has had very limited access to language and formal school. The journey through the next year, including the COVID-19 pandemic, saw Agata's language and literacy skills blossom at an unexpected rate.

Extravert Surgical Resident Applicants Get Higher 360-Degree Evaluations From Coworkers.

Introduction: 360-degree evaluations are used as an assessment in order to identify strengths and weaknesses of, or as a continuous evaluation for, residents. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality and ratings on 360-degree evaluations among surgical residency applicants. A secondary aim was to describe the personality profile of applicants for a surgical residency position.

Efficacy of patient education and duloxetine, alone and in combination, for patients with multisystem functional somatic disorder: Study protocol for the EDULOX trial.

Background: Multisystem functional somatic disorder is characterized by specific patterns of persistent physical symptoms with a complex biopsychosocial etiology. The disorder can lead to disability and personal suffering. Current treatment options require specialized settings, therefore patients often wait a long time to receive specific treatment.