Multifaceted impulsivity as a moderator of social anxiety and cannabis use during pregaming.

Individuals may drink or use cannabis to cope with social anxiety, and drinking or using cannabis prior to social situations (e.g., pregaming) may be a way to limit the experience of anxiety when entering social settings.

Reported Symptoms Differentiate Diagnoses in Children with Exercise-Induced Respiratory Problems: Findings from the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort (SPAC).

Background: Exercise-induced breathing problems with similar clinical presentations can have different etiologies. This makes distinguishing common diagnoses such as asthma, extrathoracic and thoracic dysfunctional breathing (DB), insufficient fitness, and chronic cough difficult.

Objective: We studied which parent-reported, exercise-induced symptoms can help distinguish diagnoses in children seen in respiratory outpatient clinics.

Efficacy and safety of anti-inflammatory agents in treatment of psychotic disorders - A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Antipsychotic effects of immunomodulating drugs have been suggested; however, a thorough, comprehensive meta-analysis on the effect and safety of anti-inflammatory add-on treatment on psychotic disorders is lacking.

Method: Multiple databases were searched up until February 2020. Only double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) were included.

Role of Poly [ADP-ribose] Polymerase 1 in Activating the () Gene in Response to Oxidative Stress.

In pancreatic Panc-1 cancer cells, an increase of oxidative stress enhances the level of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8OG) more in the promoter region containing G4 motifs than in non-G4 motif G-rich genomic regions. We found that HO stimulates the recruitment to the promoter of poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1), which efficiently binds to local G4 structures. Upon binding to G4 DNA, PARP-1 undergoes auto PARylation and thus becomes negatively charged.

Urine concentration ability is reduced to the same degree in adult dominant polycystic kidney disease compared with other chronic kidney diseases in the same CKD-stage and lower THAN in healthy control subjects - a CASE control study.

Background: Concentration of the urine is primarily regulated via vasopressin dependent aquaporin-2 water channels in the apical membrane of kidney principal cells. It is unclear whether urine concentration ability in ADPKD differs from other patients with similar degree of impaired renal function (non-ADPKD patients). The purpose of this case control study was to measure urine concentration ability in ADPKD patients compared to non-ADPKD patients and healthy controls.

Exposure status of sea-dumped chemical warfare agents in the Baltic Sea.

About 50 000 tons of chemical weapons (CW) were dumped to the Baltic Sea after the Second World War. Munitions are located in the deep areas of the Baltic Sea, and there they act as a point source of contamination to the ecosystem. Corroded munitions release chemical warfare agents (CWAs) to nearby water and sediments.

Effects of homophobic name-calling and verbal sexual harassment on substance use among young adults.

Verbal aggression victimization, such as homophobic name-calling, has been linked to heavier substance use among young people, but little longitudinal research has examined how different types of victimization may affect substance use or whether certain psychosocial factors moderate these risks. In a diverse cohort (N  = 2,663), latent transition analysis was used to model heterogeneity in victimization (age 19) and substance use (age 20). Four victimization (high victimization, homophobic name-calling only, verbal sexual harassment only, and low victimization) and three substance use (poly-substance use, alcohol, and cannabis only, low all) classes were identified.

Behavioral Health and Service Usage During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Emerging Adults Currently or Recently Experiencing Homelessness.

Purpose: This study provides information on how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is affecting emerging adults currently or recently homeless in terms of engagement in protective behaviors, mental health, substance use, and access to services.

Methods: Ninety participants in an ongoing clinical trial of a risk reduction program for homeless, aged 18-25 years, were administered items about COVID-19 between April 10 and July 9, 2020.

Results: Most participants reported engaging in COVID-19 protective behaviors.

Foraging deeply: Depth-specific plant nitrogen uptake in response to climate-induced N-release and permafrost thaw in the High Arctic.

Warming in the Arctic accelerates top-soil decomposition and deep-soil permafrost thaw. This may lead to an increase in plant-available nutrients throughout the active layer soil and near the permafrost thaw front. For nitrogen (N) limited high arctic plants, increased N availability may enhance growth and alter community composition, importantly affecting the ecosystem carbon balance.

Provider Interventions to Increase Uptake of Evidence-Based Treatment for Depression: A Systematic Review.

The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the effectiveness of health care provider interventions that aim to increase the uptake of evidence-based treatment of depression in routine clinical practice. This study summarizes results of comprehensive searches in the quality improvement, implementation science, and behavior change literature. Studies evaluated diverse provider interventions such as sending out depression guidelines to providers, education and training such as academic detailing, and combinations of education with other components such as targeting implementation barriers.

Genetic liability to major depression and risk of childhood asthma.

Objective: Major depression and asthma frequently co-occur, suggesting shared genetic vulnerability between these two disorders. We aimed to determine whether a higher genetic liability to major depression was associated with increased childhood asthma risk, and if so, whether such an association differed by sex of the child.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study comprising 16,687 singletons born between 1991 and 2005 in Denmark.

Study protocol for a group-based motivational interviewing brief intervention to reduce substance use and sexual risk behavior among young adults experiencing homelessness.

Background: Young people experiencing homelessness have alarmingly high rates of alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, which is associated with sexual risk behaviors such as unprotected sex, trading sex, and sex with multiple casual partners. Few risk reduction programs for this population have been developed and rigorously evaluated, particularly those that address both of these interrelated behaviors, use a collaborative and non-judgmental approach, and are feasible to deliver in settings where homeless young people seek services. This paper describes the protocol of a study evaluating a four-session Motivational Interviewing (MI)-based group risk reduction intervention for this population.

Ten years of experience with MRI follow-up of testicular cancer stage I: a retrospective study and an MRI protocol with DWI.

Introduction: Patients with testicular cancer (TC) are mainly young and survival rates are high. MRI has several times been proposed to replace CT in follow-up of this patient group to reduce image-related radiation exposure. However, current evidence is scarce for the use of MRI in this context.

Alcohol and Sexual Risk among American College Students Studying Abroad.

Recent studies show that during study abroad experiences, college students greatly increase their drinking behavior, experience multiple alcohol-related consequences, engage in sexual risk behaviors, and are at-risk for sexual violence victimization. These studies, however, have been limited by small sample sizes of students from single institutions who are often studying in a particular country or region. To better understand the extent of the risks experienced by college students studying abroad, we conducted a longitudinal survey study of 2630 students from 65 different US colleges and universities studying in 12 diverse locations abroad.

Simultaneous multislice diffusion-weighted imaging with short tau inversion recovery fat suppression in bone-metastasizing breast cancer.

Purpose: To compare image quality and ADC values of simultaneous multislice diffusion-weighted imaging (mb-DWI) with that of conventional DWI (c-DWI) using short tau inversion recovery fat saturation (STIR) in women with bone-metastasizing breast cancer.

Method: c-DWI and mb-DWI were acquired at 1.5 T in 23 breast cancer patients from skull base to mid thighs.

When kidney transplantation is not an option: Haemodialysis patients' and partners' experiences-A qualitative study.

Aim: To investigate the experiences and perspectives of everyday life among patients on lifelong haemodialysis and their partners.

Design: A qualitative exploratory study with a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach.

Method: Data were collected through individual interviews.

Adherence to ophthalmology referral, treatment and follow-up after diabetic retinopathy screening in the primary care setting.

Introduction: Telemedicine-based diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS) in primary care settings has increased the screening rates of patients with diabetes. However, blindness from vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) is a persistent problem. This study examined the extent of patients' adherence to postscreening recommendations.

Tobacco/nicotine and marijuana co-use motives in young adults: Associations with substance use behaviors one year later.

Co-administration of tobacco/nicotine and marijuana (e.g., using both products on the same occasion by mixing them in the same delivery device) is a risky, yet common, form of co-use among young adults.

Wnt/β-catenin-activated Ewing sarcoma cells promote the angiogenic switch.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling is active in small subpopulations of Ewing sarcoma cells, and these cells display a more metastatic phenotype, in part due to antagonism of EWS-FLI1-dependent transcriptional activity. Importantly, these β-catenin-activated Ewing sarcoma cells also alter secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We thus hypothesized that, in addition to cell-autonomous mechanisms, Wnt/β-catenin-active tumor cells might contribute to disease progression by altering the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Diagnosis of asthma in children: findings from the Swiss Paediatric Airway Cohort.

Introduction: Diagnosing asthma in children remains a challenge because respiratory symptoms are not specific and vary over time.

Aim: In a real-life observational study, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of respiratory symptoms, objective tests and two paediatric diagnostic algorithms (proposed by the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)) in the diagnosis of asthma in school-aged children.

Methods: We studied children aged 5-17 years who were referred consecutively to pulmonary outpatient clinics for evaluation of suspected asthma.

Strategic health communication on social media: Insights from a Danish social media campaign to address HPV vaccination hesitancy.

Objective: To evaluate whether the social media strategy developed for the campaign Stop HPV - stop cervical cancer was successful at engaging target groups in communication regarding HPV vaccination.

Introduction: In 2009, the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine became part of the Danish childhood vaccination program to protect Danish girls from cervical cancer. In 2015, after a period of massive media coverage questioning the safety of the HPV vaccination, a rapid decline in HPV vaccination coverage was observed.

The sex premium in religiously motivated moral judgment.

Recent theorizing suggests that religious people's moral convictions are quite strategic (albeit unconsciously so), designed to make their worlds more amenable to their favored approaches to solving life's basic challenges. In a meta-analysis of 5 experiments and a preregistered replication, we find that religious identity places a on moral judgments, causing people to judge violations of conventional sexual morality as particularly objectionable. The sex premium is especially strong among highly religious people, and applies to both legal and illegal acts.

Paediatric cohort studies on lower respiratory diseases and their reporting quality: systematic review of the year 2018.

The paediatric respiratory research community uses cohort studies extensively. However, the landscape of these studies and their quality of reporting has not been assessed.We performed a systematic review of publications on cohort studies reporting on paediatric lower respiratory problems published in 2018.

Systemic Cardiac Troponin T Associated With Incident Atrial Fibrillation Among Patients With Suspected Stable Angina Pectoris.

Higher concentrations of cardiac troponin T are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and adverse cardiovascular prognosis. The relation with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) is less explored. We studied this association among 3,568 patients evaluated with coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris without previous history of AF.

Identifying optimal level-of-care placement decisions for adolescent substance use treatment.

Background: Adolescents respond differentially to substance use treatment based on their individual needs and goals. Providers may benefit from guidance (via decision rules) for personalizing aspects of treatment, such as level-of-care (LOC) placements, like choosing between outpatient or inpatient care. The field lacks an empirically-supported foundation to inform the development of an adaptive LOC-placement protocol.