SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY INDICES IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT GLIOMAS AND EFFECTS OF PLATELET SECRETOME IN VITRO.

Background: To date, no significant clinical progress has been achieved in the treatment of brain malignant gliomas (MG), and the active search for non-invasive circulating biomarkers continues. The prognostic significance of the ratio of the main peripheral blood cell populations of patients with MG is evaluated. Considerable attention is paid to the secretome of platelets (Pt) of peripheral blood.

Comparative Analysis of the Embryonal Brain Tumors Based on Their Molecular Features.

Pediatric brain tumors currently show the highest incidence among solid childhood malignancies and, together with leukemia, are the leading cause of death from cancer in childhood. Embryonal brain tumors are the most common and frequent type of childhood brain cancer and are usually characterized by an extremely aggressive course of the disease with the worst outcomes in most cases. There is an urgent need for specific refined molecular diagnostics, which would help to develop personalized treatment.

Hypo-fractionated Radiotherapy (HF-RT) Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy (CF-RT) for Glioblastoma.

Background/aim: Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (HF-RT) is increasingly used for elderly and frail glioblastoma patients. In countries with limited radiotherapy capacities, HF-RT is more widely applied. This allowed us to compare conventional fractionation (CF-RT) vs.

The effect of gene therapy with the APOE3 Gene on structural and functional manifestations of secondary hippocampal damages in experimental traumatic brain injury.

Aim Of The Study: to study the efficiency of gene therapy following traumatic brain injury (TBI) by evaluating the influences of liposomal transfection of the brain tissue by APOE3-containing plasmid vector on the structural and functional manifestations of development of secondary brain injuries after acute experimental TBI in the rats of different age.

Material And Methods: Severe diffuse TBI in rats was inflicted under overall anesthesia by free load weighing 450 g, falling from a 1.5 m elevation.

[Differentiated treatment of acute diffuse brain injuries].

Diagnosis and treatment results of 57 patients with acute diffuse brain injury have been analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: first study period 2000-2005; second study period 2006-2010. The main differences between the first and the second study periods were in health condition and brain functions monitoring parameters, therapy approaches and goals.

[Peculiarities of the microsurgical discectomy for hernia of the low-lumbar vertebral column].

There were analyzed the results of observation in 642 patients with hernia of low-lumbar vertebral column, who were examined and operated on using microdiscectomy in the Department of endoscopic and laser spinal neurosurgery of Institute of Neurosurgery of Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. There were delineated the indications for the methods of treatment, their efficacy was estimated, the immediate and late follow-up results of treatment were studied up. In one year after the medial hernia correction the persistent elimination of radicular compression syndrome was achieved in 86.

[Magnetic resonance of magnetically ordered nanoscale particles in brain tissue].

Nature of unusual resonance signals, which can be registered by spectrometers of electron paramagnetic resonance, are studied in different weakly mineralized biological tissues. The experiments are carried out in a three-centimeter range of waves on human and animal (rats) brain tissues and on the organic component of mollusk shells. In these materials the unusual resonance signals, which have unique dynamic characteristics, are registered.

[Percutaneous lumbar endoscopic diskectomy in discogenic lumbosacral radiculitis].

The paper presents the results of percutaneous lumbar endoscopic diskectomy in 96 patients with discogenic lumbosacral radiculitis. Indications, contraindications, and surgical techniques are discussed. The intervention is shown to be highly effective (91.

[Puncture vertebroplasty in aggressive hemangiomas of the vertebrae bodies].

The paper presents the results of treatment in 15 patients with aggressive hemangiomas of the vertebral bodies, operated on by puncture vertebroplasty. The authors analyze current approaches to treating patients with this pathology, present criteria for aggressiveness of hemangiomas. The results of the treatment indicate that puncture vertebroplasty is highly effective and safe in treating patients with hemangiomas of the vertebral bodies.

[Endoscopic microsurgery in cervical disc hernias].

The paper provides outcomes of treatment in 37 patients with cervical diskal hernias, operated on by endoscopic portal microsurgery. Surgery involved the use of video endoscopic techniques, microsurgery under fluoroscopic control. The duration of an operation was 22 +/- 2.

[Prospects of use of gene therapy in head trauma].

Neuronal injury may have one of the following three sequelae: death of the neurone, persistent atrophy or recovery. The ability of mature neurones to recover is dependent to a not inconsiderable degree on neurotrophins, on the basis of which consideration the following objective of genotherapy in craniocerebral injury (CCI) is formulated: achievement of therapeutically useful levels of expression of neutrophins by employment of genetical methodological approaches. The next prerequisite for institution of genotherapy in CCI is a proved dependance of CCI sequelae on individual genetic features, on APO E-genotype in particular, which fact suggests to us that specific correction is within the bounds of possibility.

[Percutaneous laser diskectomy in cervical osteochondrosis].

The paper presents early and late outcomes of treatment in 62 patients undergone paracentetic laser "diskectomy" for discogenic compressed syndromes of the neck. It shows the efficiency of surgery for radicular (92.9%) and myelopathic (92.

[Individual selection of the total dose of laser energy in percutaneous laser disk nucleotomy].

On the basis of studies on concentration and mobility of ions in the solution (conductometry technique) an individual selection is suggested of the total dose of laser energy during the percutaneous laser disk nucleotimy sessions. The conductometry technique permits arriving at an objective decision on both completion/continuation of the operation and change in the laser energy rate.

[Application of the puncture laser diskectomy in the treatment of multiple hernias of sacro-iliac intervertebral disks].

In 144 patients with discogenic lumbosacralic radiculitis the puncture laser discectomy was performed on several levels independently or in combination with open operative intervention. High efficacy of treatment was noted.

[The clinico-laboratory criteria of brain death in neurosurgical patients].

With the purpose of developing scientifically substantiated criteria for brain death complex of clinical and physiological, biochemical, physicochemical, and morphological studies was initiated in 55 patients in a critical state because of a dangerous craniocerebral injury, tumours, and vascular affections of the brain. Generalized in the paper are well-known parameters characterizing irreversibility of changes. The following items are to be regarded as the principal criteria for brain death at the present stage of development of medicine: death of truncus cerebri and irreversibility of metabolic disturbances in brain activity.

[The activity of free-radical lipid-peroxidative reactions in the acute and late periods of severe craniocerebral trauma].

Severe craniocerebral injury is shown to result in intensification of processes of lipid peroxidation (LPO), decline in activity of the antioxidant system, which facts lead to further damage to the injured brain caused by products of LPO processes. Activity of LPO processes is recordable as is decline in activity of the antioxidant system after the treatment administered and in 12 and 24 months following the injury sustained as well. The authors recommend that natural and synthetic antioxidants be included into a complex of measures designed to treat severe craniocerebral injury.

[Free-radical perodixative reactions in the acute period of craniocerebral trauma].

The condition is analyzed of the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance in patients in the acute phase of craniocerebral injury. The higher the degree of craniocerebral injury, the more enhanced are lipid peroxidation processes, the more apparent is the decline in the function of the bodily antioxidant system. Changes in metabolic processes were at their greatest in patients beyond forty four years of age, especially in women with severe craniocerebral injury.

[Free-radical and neuroimmune processes in primary and repeated craniocerebral trauma (in an experiment)].

The impact of primary and repeated brain injury (BI) (moderate contusion of the brain) on changes of pro- and antioxidative processes in the brain and blood, as well as on the body's neuroimmune responses during 30 days following injury were studied in an experiment on albino rats. The changes in the rate of lipid peroxidation (LPO) were shown to be significantly higher in repeated BI than in primary one. There was no correlation between the changes in the rate of LPO in the blood and in the brain tissue.

[Radiation-induced intracranial meningiomas].

Based on the analysis of 112 cases a clinical characterization has been done of intracranial meningiomas developed secondary to X-ray irradiation of the head for fungus disease of skull integuments. X-ray irradiation increases the risk of intracranial meningioma development up to 4-fold. Radiation-induced intracranial meningiomas are characterized by particular features of clinical manifestations, by preponderance of hyperdense forms, by being of large size, as well as by a high frequency of changes in the adjacent bone presenting as hyperostosis, usuration, and destruction.

[Secondary craniocerebral trauma in acute disorders of the cerebral circulation].

As many as 69 records were reviewed of those patients predominantly in older age bracket, in whom acute cerebral circulatory disorder (hemorrhage in 26, infarction of the brain in 8, transient cerebral circulatory disturbances in 35) was a cause of their falling and incurring a craniocerebral injury. The studies made suggest that prior history, somatoneurological examination, information provided by various investigational modalities, especially computerized tomographic imaging, all might serve to make the diagnosis of associated brain injury more precise.

[The clinical manifestations of craniocerebral trauma in elderly patients].

It has been shown that over the recent 20 years the number of senile patients with a history of craniocerebral injury rose from 4.8 to 7.2% whereas in the group over 60, from 53 to 72%.

[The characteristics of the clinical course and diagnosis of traumatic intracranial hematomas with rare locations].

The clinical course was studied as were potentialities of certain methods of diagnosis in 91 patients with traumatic intracranial hematomas of rare localization: hematomas of the posterior cranial fossa, epidural hematomas of the anterior cranial fossa and occipital pole, and those seated above the upper longitudinal sinus, interhemispheric subdural hematomas and basal subdural hematomas. The authors' and reported data are summarized.