Publications by authors named "Peck Ong"
CERS1 is a biomarker of Staphylococcus aureus abundance and atopic dermatitis severity.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition linked to varying levels of Staphylococcus aureus, which affects disease severity and responds to treatments like dupilumab.
- This study aimed to identify host genes related to S aureus levels and AD severity using data from a clinical trial involving 71 adults with moderate-to-severe AD.
- The findings revealed a positive correlation between CERS1 expression (a gene associated with skin lipids) and both S aureus abundance and AD severity, suggesting CERS1 could serve as a biomarker for skin barrier dysfunction, with changes observable after dupilumab treatment.
Article Synopsis
- * The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology has released updated guidelines for treating atopic dermatitis, focusing on trustworthy development standards and evidence-based medicine to guide clinical decisions.
- * The guidelines include recommendations for various treatments like topical therapies, dietary changes, and systemic treatments, emphasizing the importance of considering patient values and preferences in treatment selection.
Emerging drugs for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a focus on phase 2 and phase 3 trials.
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- - Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin condition that significantly affects the quality of life, particularly in moderate-to-severe cases where existing treatments often fall short.
- - There is a need for new medications to effectively manage persistent AD symptoms and reduce treatment discontinuation due to side effects, with ongoing research exploring novel therapies targeting immune system pathways.
- - Current clinical trials for 36 new agents, including promising treatments like lebrikizumab and tapinarof, aim to improve the precision of AD management and enhance treatment outcomes while minimizing adverse effects.
Comparison of Old and New Systemic Treatments for Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep
May 2024
Article Synopsis
- The review highlights the shift from traditional immunosuppressive agents for atopic dermatitis (AD) towards newer treatments that offer better efficacy and fewer side effects.
- Newer medications, like dupilumab and JAK inhibitors, have demonstrated effectiveness and safety, outperforming older options such as methotrexate and azathioprine.
- Individualized treatment plans are becoming more common, considering factors like effectiveness, side effects, and patient preferences, while ongoing research aims to further enhance AD treatment options.
Objective: Skin barrier defects are one of the primary causes of atopic dermatitis (AD). The basis of skin barrier defects in AD is due to a deficiency in various barrier proteins including filaggrin, involucrin, claudins, and lipids such as ceramide, fatty acids, and cholesterol. This review updates a more detailed lipid dysregulation in the skin barrier of AD based on recent lipidomic analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology is updating its guidelines for managing atopic dermatitis (AD) due to advancements in treatment and evidence methods since the last update in 2012.
- A multidisciplinary panel, including AD specialists and patient representatives, created evidence-based guidelines emphasizing equity, diversity, and minimizing conflicts of interest while reviewing systematic evidence.
- The panel produced 25 recommendations to help manage AD and included practical implementation resources for patients, covering various treatment options like topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and more.
Solving the health disparity of eczema assessment: A role for skin tape soluble protein?
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob
February 2024
Background: The assessment of erythema in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) is based on clinical examination. The difficulty of perceiving erythema in Black patients with AD has led to underestimation of AD severity in these patients.
Objective: In this study, we analyzed the concentration of skin tape soluble protein of AD lesions against common AD clinical signs.
Article Synopsis
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a skin condition that causes inflammation and can be treated in different ways, but it's not always clear which treatments work best.
- Researchers looked at many studies to compare the benefits and risks of different treatments for AD.
- They found that some treatments, like high-dose upadacitinib, were very effective but also had more side effects, while others like dupilumab were safer but less powerful.
Article Synopsis
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a widespread skin condition treated with various topical prescriptions, but their comparative effectiveness is not well known.
- A systematic review of randomized trials was conducted to evaluate the benefits and harms of topical treatments for AD, employing rigorous analysis and classification methods.
- High-certainty evidence showed that pimecrolimus and high-dose tacrolimus were highly effective, while group 5 topical corticosteroids (TCS) also significantly aided in managing AD without increasing harm.
Academic interest of allergists in atopic dermatitis before and after approval of systemic immunomodulators.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol
December 2023
Introduction: Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) are uniquely susceptible to a number of serious viral skin complications, including eczema herpeticum (EH), caused by herpes simplex virus. This study explored the associations between biomarkers of epithelial barrier dysfunction, type 2 immunity, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and S. aureus-specific immunoglobulin responses in a cohort of AD subjects with and without a history of EH (EH+ and EH-, respectively).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtopic dermatitis (AD) has large mental health impacts for patients and caregivers, yet their preferences regarding how to relieve these impacts are poorly understood. To understand patients' and caregivers' preferences for AD-related mental health care and support. We surveyed 279 adult AD patients and 154 caregivers of children with AD across 26 countries regarding their AD-related mental health burden, preferred strategies for improving AD-related mental health, and experiences with mental health care in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: Conventional treatments of atopic dermatitis have been inadequate, especially in patients with moderate-to-severe disease.
Recent Findings: In the past 5 years, four immunomodulators have been approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children. These include dupilumab, ruxolitinib, upadacitinib, and abrocitinib.
Article Synopsis
- - Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disorder linked to type 2 inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus infections, which contribute to the disease severity.
- - A study involving 71 participants with moderate-severe AD showed that treatment with dupilumab, a type 2 inflammatory blockade, significantly reduced S aureus levels within just 3 days, preceding clinical improvements by 11 days.
- - The reduction in S aureus was associated with decreased levels of the biomarker CCL17 and improvements in AD severity, suggesting that T17 cells, neutrophils, and complement pathways may play a role in the treatment's effectiveness.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic skin condition, to link its severity with historical and clinical features as well as biomarkers.
- A total of 2,862 participants were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe AD, with findings showing that severity is associated with several factors including a personal/family history of allergic disorders and certain skin conditions.
- Key indicators of severity included high serum IgE levels, eosinophilia, and specific skin manifestations, along with a range of bacterial and viral skin infections, highlighting the complex nature of AD.
Skin Antiseptics for Atopic Dermatitis: Dissecting Facts From Fiction.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
May 2023
Staphylococcus aureus is a known trigger and cause of infectious complications in atopic dermatitis (AD). Various antiseptics have been used in an attempt to decrease the burden of S. aureus in AD.
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- The study aims to synthesize patient and caregiver values and preferences in managing atopic dermatitis (AD) to aid the development of clinical guidelines by relevant allergy associations.* ! -
- A thorough review of numerous studies revealed that participants generally favor starting with nonmedical treatments and are concerned about side effects from medications, highlighting the importance of a strong patient-clinician relationship.* ! -
- Findings indicate that patients prefer treatments that are odorless, minimally visible, and have a low impact on daily activities, with a specific emphasis on relieving itching and burning sensations.* !
Background/objectives: Atopic dermatitis (AD) can be a debilitating skin condition, often leading to hospitalization due to severe AD exacerbations or infectious complications. As both AD exacerbations and infectious complications can present similarly, it can be difficult to distinguish the two conditions. Thus, we aimed to evaluate if there is any difference in serum IgE levels in children with AD who were hospitalized for AD exacerbation and for AD-associated infectious complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Therapies for children with atopic dermatitis (AD) have safety and tolerability concerns that may limit long-term use. Ruxolitinib cream, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is effective and well tolerated in adolescents and adults with AD.
Objective: To analyze the safety and tolerability of ruxolitinib cream in pediatric patients.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin conditions in humans. AD affects up to 20% of children worldwide and results in morbidity for both patients and their caregivers. The basis of AD is an interplay between genetics and the environment characterized by immune dysregulation.
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- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is influenced by skin barrier issues, immune responses, and factors like allergens, but the specific role of environmental allergens in aggravating AD is not well understood.
- A study reviewed 23 randomized controlled trials to assess the benefits and harms of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) like subcutaneous (SCIT) and sublingual (SLIT) therapies for easing AD symptoms and improving quality of life (QoL).
- Results indicated that both SCIT and SLIT significantly improve AD severity and QoL but also lead to more adverse events, suggesting that while they can help manage symptoms, there are trade-offs to consider.
Food allergy and food-related worsening of dermatitis can occur in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). We reviewed the relationship of AD with food allergen hypersensitivity and the risks and benefits of food allergen testing and avoidance in patients with AD. Skin prick testing and specific immunoglobulin E to aeroallergens may identify patients with immediate hypersensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEczema herpeticum (EH) is a viral skin infection caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) superimposed on eczematous skin lesions in atopic dermatitis (AD). Though the pathogenesis of EH has yet to be fully elucidated, the fact that EH is relatively rare despite a majority of adults showing serologic evidence of HSV exposure points to a genetic component predisposing to the disease. A number of genetic variants have been isolated in EH which may help distinguish a subgroup of patients susceptible to developing the condition.
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