Impact of Genetic Risk Information for Cardiovascular Disease on Behavioural, Psychological Responses, and Risk Factor Modification: A Systematic Review.

Aims: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a significant public health concern, influenced by both genetic susceptibility and lifestyle factors. Integrating genetic risk information into clinical practice shows promise but has yielded mixed results regarding its impact on CVD prevention and management. This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of providing genetic CVD risk information on health behaviours, psychological outcomes, and risk factors.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in terrestrial extreme environments: implications for life detection beyond Earth.

Covering: 1961 to 2024Discovering and identifying unique natural products/biosignatures (signatures that can be used as evidence for past or present life) that are abundant, and complex enough that they indicate robust evidence of life is a multifaceted process. One distinct category of biosignatures being explored is organic compounds. A subdivision of these compounds not yet readily investigated are volatile organic compound (VOCs).

Effectiveness of receiving cardiovascular disease genetic risk information on health behaviors, psychological responses, and associated risk factor modification in individuals: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: This review aims to assess the effectiveness of receiving cardiovascular disease (CVD) genetic risk information on individual health behaviors, psychological responses, and risk factor modification.

Introduction: Advancements in genomics have identified strong genetic predispositions for CVD, leading to the development of CVD genetic risk information. Integrating genetic risk information into clinical practice shows promise in predicting CVD risk and facilitating multifactorial management.

Effectiveness of interventions for the prevention or management of workplace violence in student nurses during clinical placement: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically investigate the effectiveness of interventions for managing workplace violence experienced by registered nursing students during clinical placement.

Design: A systematic review of experimental studies.

Methods: The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Measurement properties of utility-based health-related quality of life measures in cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs: a systematic review.

Purpose: To identify utility-based patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programs (CR) and appraise existing evidence on their measurement properties. Secondly, to link their items to the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) and the International Consortium of Health Outcome Measures (ICHOM) domains for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: Eight databases were searched.

Experimental Identification of Potential Martian Biosignatures in Open and Closed Systems.

NASA's Perseverance and ESA's Rosalind Franklin rovers have the scientific goal of searching for evidence of ancient life on Mars. Geochemical biosignatures that form because of microbe-mineral interactions could play a key role in achieving this, as they can be preserved for millions of years on Earth, and the same could be true for Mars. Previous laboratory experiments have explored the formation of biosignatures under closed systems, but these do not represent the open systems that are found in natural martian environments, such as channels and lakes.

Feasibility of using a combination of staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins 3, 7 and 11 in a fusion vaccine for Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is a significant bacterial pathogen in both community and hospital settings, and the escalation of antimicrobial-resistant strains is of immense global concern. Vaccination is an inviting long-term strategy to curb staphylococcal disease, but identification of an effective vaccine has proved to be challenging. Three well-characterized, ubiquitous, secreted immune evasion factors from the staphylococcal superantigen-like (SSL) protein family were selected for the development of a vaccine.

Effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs on medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Education to improve medication adherence is one of the core components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs. However, the evidence on the effectiveness of CR programs on medication adherence is conflicting. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the effectiveness of CR programs versus standard care on medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Interventions to prevent or manage workplace violence against student nurses during clinical placement: a systematic review protocol.

Objectives: The objective of this review is to investigate the effectiveness of workplace violence management or prevention interventions, including strategies, protocols, and policies, to address violence against, and provide support to, registered nursing students (RNS) following incidents of violence during clinical placement.

Introduction: Workplace violence is a global issue that affects victims' physical and mental health. RNS are especially vulnerable to workplace violence because of their limited work experience and confidence.

The effectiveness of interactive cardiac rehabilitation web applications versus usual care on programme completion in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Although available evidence demonstrates positive clinical outcomes for patients attending and completing cardiac rehabilitation, the effectiveness of interactive cardiac rehabilitation web applications on programme completion has not been systematically examined.

Methods: This JBI systematic review of effects included studies measuring effectiveness of interactive cardiac rehabilitation web applications compared to telephone, and centre-based programmes. Outcome data were pooled under programme completion and clinical outcomes (body mass index, low-density lipoproteins, and blood pressure).

Effectiveness of alternative vs traditional exercises on cardiac rehabilitation program utilization in women with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: This review will evaluate the effectiveness of alternative vs traditional forms of exercise on cardiac rehabilitation program utilization and other outcomes in women with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Introduction: Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programs improve health outcomes in women with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease. However, such programs are underutilized worldwide, particularly among women.

Genomic resources for Asian (Elephas maximus) and African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana) conservation and health research.

We provide novel genomic resources to help understand the genomic traits involved in elephant health and to aid conservation efforts. We sequence 11 elephant genomes (5 African savannah, 6 Asian) from North American zoos, including 9 de novo assemblies. We estimate elephant germline mutation rates and reconstruct demographic histories.

Effectiveness of nurse-led interventions versus usual care to manage hypertension and lifestyle behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: This review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions vs. usual care on hypertension management, lifestyle behaviour, and patients' knowledge of hypertension and associated risk factors.

Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines.

Transcriptome wide analyses reveal intraspecific diversity in thermal stress responses of a dominant habitat-forming species.

The impact of climate change on biodiversity has stimulated the need to understand environmental stress responses, particularly for ecosystem engineers whose responses to climate affect large numbers of associated organisms. Distinct species differ substantially in their resilience to thermal stress but there are also within-species variations in thermal tolerance for which the molecular mechanisms underpinning such variation remain largely unclear. Intertidal mussels are well-known for their role as ecosystem engineers.

Cardiac rehabilitation, physical activity, and the effectiveness of activity monitoring devices on cardiovascular patients: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.

Aims: To consolidate the evidence on the effectiveness of activity-monitoring devices and mobile applications on physical activity and health outcomes of patients with cardiovascular disease who attended cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes.

Methods And Results: An umbrella review of published randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses was conducted. Nine databases were searched from inception to 9 February 2022.

Habitability and Biosignature Formation in Simulated Martian Aqueous Environments.

Water present on early Mars is often assumed to have been habitable. In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the habitability of well-defined putative martian fluids and to identify the accompanying potential formation of biosignatures. Simulated martian environments were developed by combining martian fluid and regolith simulants based on the chemistry of the Rocknest sand shadow at Gale Crater.

Nursing students' experiences of workplace violence in clinical practice: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to investigate the experience of workplace violence against nursing students on clinical placement.

Introduction: Workplace violence affects nursing students during clinical placements in hospitals and other health care settings. Nursing students are uniquely vulnerable to workplace violence due to their limited experience and skills in challenging abusive behavior.

Effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs in improving medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this review is to measure the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation programs versus standard care on medication adherence in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Introduction: Poor adherence to long-term medications increases the risk of morbidity and mortality, and decreases quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Several strategies have been trialed to improve medication adherence, one of which is cardiac rehabilitation programs.

Effectiveness of activity-monitoring devices in patients with cardiovascular disease participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs: an umbrella review protocol.

Objective: The objective of the review is to investigate the effect of activity-monitoring devices and mobile applications on physical activity and health outcomes of patients with cardiovascular disease who are participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs.

Introduction: Supporting patients with cardiovascular conditions to achieve and maintain healthy physical activity levels is the cornerstone of cardiac rehabilitation programs. The effectiveness of activity-monitoring devices and mobile applications (such as physical activity interventions) utilizing consumer-grade monitoring devices and applications to support patients to improve exercise levels during and after program completion has been investigated.

Effectiveness of telehealth versus standard care on health care utilization, health-related quality of life, and well-being in homebound populations: a systematic review protocol.

Objective: The objective of the review is to determine the effectiveness of telehealth versus in-person care on health care utilization, health-related quality of life, and well-being in homebound populations.

Introduction: Globally, an increasing number of people are becoming homebound. These individuals experience high levels of social isolation and deterioration of their well-being.

Oligotrophic Growth of Nitrate-Dependent Fe-Oxidising Microorganisms Under Simulated Early Martian Conditions.

Nitrate-dependent Fe oxidation (NDFO) is a microbially mediated process observed in many anaerobic, low-nutrient (oligotrophic) neutral-alkaline environments on Earth, which describes oxidation of Fe to Fe in tandem with microbial nitrate reduction. Evidence suggests that similar environments existed on Mars during the Noachian epoch (4.1-3.

Women's attitudes to the use of AI image readers: a case study from a national breast screening programme.

Background: Researchers and developers are evaluating the use of mammogram readers that use artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical settings.

Objectives: This study examines the attitudes of women, both current and future users of breast screening, towards the use of AI in mammogram reading.

Methods: We used a cross-sectional, mixed methods study design with data from the survey responses and focus groups.

Identification of African Elephant Polyomavirus in wild elephants and the creation of a vector expressing its viral tumor antigens to transform elephant primary cells.

Wild elephant populations are declining rapidly due to rampant killing for ivory and body parts, range fragmentation, and human-elephant conflict. Wild and captive elephants are further impacted by viruses, including highly pathogenic elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses. Moreover, while the rich genetic diversity of the ancient elephant lineage is disappearing, elephants, with their low incidence of cancer, have emerged as a surprising resource in human cancer research for understanding the intrinsic cellular response to DNA damage.

Synthesis of Organosilicon Ligands for Europium (III) and Gadolinium (III) as Potential Imaging Agents.

The relaxivity of MRI contrast agents can be increased by increasing the size of the contrast agent and by increasing concentration of the bound gadolinium. Large multi-site ligands able to coordinate several metal centres show increased relaxivity as a result. In this paper, an "aza-type Michael" reaction is used to prepare cyclen derivatives that can be attached to organosilicon frameworks via hydrosilylation reactions.