CD4 T-Cell Dysfunction in Severe COVID-19 Disease Is Tumor Necrosis Factor-α/Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1-Dependent.

Lymphopenia is common in severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19), yet the immune mechanisms are poorly understood. As inflammatory cytokines are increased in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we hypothesized a role in contributing to reduced T-cell numbers. We sought to characterize the functional SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses in patients with severe versus recovered, mild COVID-19 to determine whether differences were detectable.

Chitosan functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes as a receptive surface for laccase and copper to perform degradation of chlorpyrifos in aqueous environment.

Chitosan (CTS) functionalized Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) have been used as receptive nano-supports for the grafting of copper (Cu) and laccase (Lac) for the degradation of chlorpyrifos. The developed nanocomposite Lac@Cu-CTS-HNT showed 83.4% Lac immobilization which was further characterized by TEM, SEM-EDX, FTIR, XRD, DSC and TGA.