Spatiotemporal metabolic mapping of ex-situ preserved hearts subjected to dialysis by integration of bio-SPME sampling with non-targeted metabolipidomic profiling.

Background: Normothermic ex situ heart perfusion (ESHP) has emerged as a valid modality for advanced cardiac allograft preservation and conditioning prior to transplantation though myocardial function declines gradually during ESHP thus limiting its potential for expanding the donor pool. Recently, the utilization of dialysis has been shown to preserve myocardial and coronary vasomotor function. Herein, we sought to determine the changes in myocardial metabolism that could support this improvement.

Universal carbon nanotubes-polybenzimidazole SPME coating and its application for both gas and liquid chromatography.

In this study, we present a novel combination of carbon nanotubes (CNT), widely used as a sorbent material in solid-phase extraction-based methodologies, with polybenzimidazole (PBI), recently introduced as a universal binder for physical immobilization of sorbent particles. This combination was used to prepare CNT-PBI coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) devices (fibers, arrows, and blades) suitable for both thermal and solvent desorption. The resulting CNT-PBI SPME devices presented excellent mechanical resistance and high thermal stability, capable of enduring multiple thermal desorption cycles without compromising extraction efficiency.

Deactivated fused silica tubing: A solution for flexible time weighted averaging needle trap sampling.

In time-weighted averaging (TWA) with needle trap extraction (NTE), the control of the sampling rate is critical for accurate analysis. By adjusting the diffusion length and cross-sectional area, the sampling rate can be modified in accordance with Fick's first law of diffusion. In this study, deactivated fused silica tubing (DFST) of varying lengths was used to fine-tune these parameters, allowing for precise control of the sampling rate in TWA-NTE devices.

Upregulation of ALOX12-12-HETE pathway impairs AMPK-dependent modulation of vascular metabolism in ApoE/LDLR mice.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12)-derived 12(S)-HETE production have been associated with vascular inflammation and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the role of ALOX12 in regulating vascular energy metabolism in vascular inflammation has not been studied to date. Using mitochondrial and glycolysis functional profiling with the Seahorse extracellular flux analyzer, metabolipidomics, and proteomic analysis (LC-MS/MS), we characterized alterations in vascular energy metabolism in 2- and 6-month-old ApoE/LDLR vs.

Identification of Omitted Pollutants in Environmental Water via In Situ Thin-Film Microextraction.

Sample preparation is an inevitable step in the screening workflow for the identification of unknown pollutants in the aquatic environment. However, the possible loss of pollutants during sample preparation has aroused serious concern but remains not effectively resolved. This study shows that high-risk pollutants omitted in solid-phase extraction (SPE) can be identified via in situ thin-film microextraction (TFME) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Perspective on SPME for human applications: Starting from monitoring doxorubicin during lung chemo-perfusion.

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Sequential thin film microextraction and overcoated thin film microextraction devices for characterization of sparkling wine aroma profiles and partitioning equilibria.

Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) is a commonly used, robust method for characterization of aroma profiles in food matrices. However, challenges such as saturation, swelling, and competition can occur when sampling such complex matrices, resulting in decreased accuracy in the quantitation of polar compounds. In this study, sequential thin film micro-extraction (TFME) was employed to study the aroma profile of sparkling wine, with a focus to evaluate the displacement of polar analytes at extraction times longer than their corresponding equilibrium time.

Monitoring Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Polyvinyl Dichloride Micro/Nanoplastics in Water by Direct Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

A simple, sustainable, and sensitive monitoring approach of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) in aqueous samples is crucial since it helps in assessing the extent of contamination and understanding the potential risks associated with their presence without causing additional stress to the environment. In this study, a novel strategy for qualitative and quantitative determination of MNPs in water by direct solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was proposed for the first time. Spherical poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and irregularly shaped polyvinyl dichloride (PVDC) were used to evaluate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method.

The impact of normothermic and hypothermic preservation methods on kidney lipidome-comparative study using chemical biopsy with microextraction probes.

Introduction: Normothermic kidney perfusion (NEVKP) is designed to replicate physiological conditions to improve graft outcomes. A comparison of the impact of hypothermic and normothermic preservation techniques on graft quality was performed by lipidomic profiling using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) chemical biopsy as a minimally invasive sampling approach.

Methods: Direct kidney sampling was conducted using SPME probes coated with a mixed-mode extraction phase in a porcine autotransplantation model of the renal donor after cardiac death, comparing three preservation methods: static cold storage (SCS), NEVKP, and hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP).

Rapid screening of drugs in environmental water using metal organic framework/TiCT composite coated blade spray-mass spectrometry.

Simultaneous rapid screening of multiple drugs of abuse in environmental water facilitates effective monitoring and trend assessments. Herein, a novel porphyrin-based metal organic frameworks modified TiCT nanosheets (Cu-TCPP/TiCT) composite was prepared and utilized as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for the simultaneous analysis of 21 drugs from water samples. The composite was embedded with matrix-compatible polyacrylonitrile binder to prepare a coated blade with thin and uniform coating layer.

Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective.

Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary health. Despite global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants, the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the planet. In response, global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants, as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN's Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention.

Evaluation of thin film microextraction based on graphene oxide/ polymer composite: Experimental and theoretical insights.

Experimental and theoretical assessments of a graphene oxide-based polymer as adsorbent for thin film microextraction (TFME) were conducted as part of this research. Graphene oxide (GO) was embedded in the organic polymer poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (PS-DVB) to prepare a sorbent suitable for direct-immersion TFME. A TFME membrane coating prepared with the GO/PS-DVB sorbent and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as binder was then applied for extraction of organic pollutants from aqueous and gaseous samples.

Proteomic Analysis of Human Saliva via Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

Proteomics of human saliva samples was achieved for the first time via biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (bio-SPME) devices. Upon introduction of a porogen to a conventional C18 coating, porous C18/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) SPME blades were able to extract peptides up to 3.0 kDa and more peptides than commercial SPME blades.

Mapping the metabolic responses to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy with spatiotemporal metabolomics.

Adjuvant chemotherapy improves the survival outlook for patients undergoing operations for lung metastases caused by colorectal cancer (CRC). However, a multidisciplinary approach that evaluates several factors related to patient and tumor characteristics is necessary for managing chemotherapy treatment in metastatic CRC patients with lung disease, as such factors dictate the timing and drug regimen, which may affect treatment response and prognosis. In this study, we explore the potential of spatial metabolomics for evaluating metabolic phenotypes and therapy outcomes during the local delivery of the anticancer drug, oxaliplatin, to the lung.

Perspective on SPME-MS: Green and high-performance methods for rapid screening.

The direct coupling of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with mass spectrometry (MS) offers rapid analysis with high sensitivity and low matrix effects by benefiting from the integration of sampling, high enrichment, and clean-up functions of SPME. Eliminating chromatographic separation reduces the amount of gas/solvent needed for analysis, while direct desorption in SPME-MS consumes none or few microliters of organic solvents per sample, further enhancing the greenness of the SPME technology. Over the past two decades, the rapid evolution of SPME-MS has given rise to numerous novel technologies that employ diverse ionization techniques and interfaces, several of which have already been commercialized.

Quantitative Determination of Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Micro/Nanoplastics by Cooling-Assisted Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Theoretical and Experimental Insights.

Determinations of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) in environmental samples are essential to assess the extent of their presence in the environment and their potential impact on ecosystems and human health. With the aim to provide a sensitive method with simplified pretreatment steps, cooling-assisted solid-phase microextraction (CA-SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is proposed as a new approach to quantify mass concentrations of MNPs in water and soil samples. The herein proposed CA-SPME method offers the unique advantage of integrating the thermal decomposition of MNPs and enrichment of signature compounds into one step.

Rapid Analysis of Fentanyl and Fentanyl Analogues from Whole Blood Using SPME Coupled to the Microfluidic Open Interface.

Fentanyl and its analogues are potent opioids that pose a significant threat to society. Over the last several years, considerable focus has been on the concerning trend of increasing fentanyl usage among drug users. Fentanyl analogues are mainly synthesized to evade analytical detection or increase their potency; thus, very low concentrations are sufficient to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Embedding Mixed Sorbents in Binder: Solid-Phase Microextraction Coating with Wide Extraction Coverage and Its Application in Environmental Water Analysis.

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple and highly effective sample-preparation technique for water analysis. However, the extraction coverage of a given SPME device with a specific coating can be an issue when analyzing multiple environmental contaminants. Therefore, instead of synthesizing one sorbent material with dual or multiple functions, we investigated a new strategy of preparing SPME blades using a homogeneous slurry made by mixing three different sorbent particles─namely, hydrophobic/lipophilic balanced (HLB), HLB-weak cationic exchange (HLB-WCX), and HLB-weak anionic exchange (HLB-WAX)─with a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) binder.

Automated sequential SPME addressing the displacement effect in food samples.

The displacement effect can be an issue for the quantitation of analytes with low affinity towards the extraction phase in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for food samples that have low level of binding matrix or high level of hydrophobic compounds. In this communication, automated sequential SPME-GC-MS strategy was developed for addressing the displacement issue. The SPME thin film with PDMS coating was firstly used for the extraction of hydrophobic components in the sample which cause displacement and then SPME fiber with DVB/CAR/PDMS coating was applied in the second step for the extraction of the remain compounds.

solid phase microextraction for therapeutic monitoring and pharmacometabolomic fingerprinting of lung during lung perfusion of FOLFOX.

In vivo lung perfusion (IVLP) is a novel isolated lung technique developed to enable the local, in situ administration of high-dose chemotherapy to treat metastatic lung cancer. Combination therapy using folinic acid (FOL), 5-fluorouracil (F), and oxaliplatin (OX) (FOLFOX) is routinely employed to treat several types of solid tumours in various tissues. However, F is characterized by large interpatient variability with respect to plasma concentration, which necessitates close monitoring during treatments using of this compound.

Determination of free concentration of endocannabinoids in brain tissue.

The release of metabolites from their bound to free forms is the main regulatory path in living species. Therefore, the ability to determine the free concentrations of small molecules is highly critical in many biological samples. The main challenges in achieving this task are the interferences inherent to complex matrices and the ability to distinguish between the free and total concentrations.

Performance Evaluation of Extraction Coatings with Different Sorbent Particles and Binder Composition.

Binders are critical components used in the preparation of a range of extraction devices, including solid-phase microextraction (SPME) devices. While the main role of a binder is to affix the sorbent particles to the selected support, it is critical to select the optimal binder to ensure that it does not negatively impact the coating's particle sorption capability. This work presents the first comprehensive investigation of the interactions between binders and solid sorbent particles as these interactions can significantly impact the performance of the coating.

Polybenzimidazole: a novel, fluorocarbon-free, SPME sorbent binder with good thermal and solvent resistance properties for GC and LC analysis.

A novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating is presented that uses polybenzimidazole (PBI) as a binder to immobilize micro-size sorbent particles onto a support. An evaluation of the developed binder's thermal and solvent desorption capabilities demonstrated its compatibility with both gas and liquid chromatography (GC and LC). The incorporation of hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced (HLB) particles provided optimal extraction coverage for an array of chemically diverse analytes possessing a range of hydrophobicities and molecular weights.

High throughput and automated solid-phase microextraction and determination by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of mycotoxins in beer.

There is high demand for rapid screening of toxics in food analysis. In this study, a new high-throughput and automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) system was employed for the sample preparation of mycotoxins in beers. Matrix compatible SPME blades with thin coating layer were used, which significantly decreased the matrix effects in beer samples (≤ 12%).