Simple, Effective and Validated. VTE CASE Risk Assessment Score for Venous Thromboembolism in Metastatic Germ Cell Tumour Patients Before First-Line Chemotherapy.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) may jeopardise excellent treatment results of germ cell tumours (GCT). We previously constructed a VTE risk score for GCT patients qualified for first-line chemotherapy (CTH), including vein compression, clinical stage (CS) and haemoglobin concentration.

Aim: Validating our score in a separate cohort and establishing the cut-off point for the score.

Perioperative Durvalumab with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Operable Bladder Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy is the standard treatment for cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Adding perioperative immunotherapy may improve outcomes.

Methods: In this phase 3, open-label, randomized trial, we assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer to receive neoadjuvant durvalumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin every 3 weeks for four cycles, followed by radical cystectomy and adjuvant durvalumab every 4 weeks for eight cycles (durvalumab group), or to receive neoadjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin followed by radical cystectomy alone (comparison group).

Simple yet (more?) effective. Venous thromboembolism risk assessment model for germ cell tumour patients receiving first-line chemotherapy.

Background: Germ cell tumours (GCT) are highly curable malignancies. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication, needing better risk assessment models (RAM).

Aim: Identification of VTE incidence and risk factors in metastatic GCT patients starting first-line chemotherapy.

Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib as first-line therapy for advanced non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (KEYNOTE-B61): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial.

Background: Immunotherapy-based combinations including pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib are the standard of care for patients with first-line clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, but these combinations are not well characterised in non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. We aimed to assess the activity and safety of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib as a first-line treatment for patients with advanced non-clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: KEYNOTE-B61 is a single-arm, phase 2 trial being conducted at 48 sites (hospitals and cancer centres) in 14 countries (Australia, Canada, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Poland, South Korea, Russia, Spain, Türkiye, Ukraine, the UK, and the USA).

Patient-reported outcomes with olaparib plus abiraterone versus placebo plus abiraterone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial.

Background: Results of this double-blind, phase 2 trial showed patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer given olaparib plus abiraterone versus placebo plus abiraterone had significantly improved progression-free survival. Here, we present an exploratory analysis of pain and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods: This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial was conducted across 41 urological oncology sites in 11 countries in Europe and North America.

Efficacy and Safety of Autologous Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy, Docetaxel, and Prednisone vs Placebo in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: The VIABLE Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: DCVAC/PCa is an active cellular immunotherapy designed to initiate an immune response against prostate cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of DCVAC/PCa plus chemotherapy followed by DCVAC/PCa maintenance treatment in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Design, Setting, And Participants: The VIABLE double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, phase 3 randomized clinical trial enrolled patients with mCRPC among 177 hospital clinics in the US and Europe between June 2014 and November 2017.

gene expression depends on BAF180 subunit of SWISNF chromatin remodeling complex and correlates with abundance of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in ccRCC.

About 40% of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cases carry the mutation inactivating BAF180 subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex (CRC). Here we show that the majority of transcriptomic changes appear at the stage I of ccRCC development. By contrast, the stage II ccRCC exhibits hyperactivation of DNA replication demonstrated by the overexpression of several genes, e.

Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy as First-Line Therapy in Patients With Advanced Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) pathway inhibitors have not been prospectively evaluated in patients with non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (nccRCC). The phase II KEYNOTE-427 study (cohort B) was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of single-agent pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in advanced nccRCC.

Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed, measurable (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] version 1.

What is the damage? Testicular germ cell tumour survivors deficient in testosterone at risk of metabolic syndrome and a need for medical intervention.

Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) survivors are coping with late treatment sequelae. Testosterone deficiency may contribute to earlier onset of metabolic syndrome. The study aimed to assess connections between serum testosterone concentrations and metabolic disorders as well as body composition in TGCT survivors.

Venous thromboprophylaxis in urological cancer surgery.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a major complication of cancer and its treatment, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. The appropriate choice of thromboprophylaxis method and duration is, therefore, of utmost importance. We conducted an extensive review of the literature concerning VTE in patients undergoing surgery for urological cancers.

Radiological Response and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Predictive Factors for Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Sunitinib.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 2-3% of all malignancies. Most RCC-related deaths are caused by metastases of the disease. Studies suggest that inflammation-related parameters are of prognostic significance in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients.

Hand-Foot Syndrome and Progression-Free Survival in Patients Treated with Sunitinib for Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) typically receive systemic treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Side effects include the hand-foot syndrome (HFS), tiredness, nausea, decreased appetite, diarrhea, myelosuppression, and hypertension. This study seeks to define the relationship between the incidence of HFS after the first cycle of treatment with sunitinib as the first-line treatment for mRCC (50 mg/day, 6-week schedule: 4 weeks on and 2 weeks off) and progression-free survival.

The correlation between the incidence of adverse events and progression-free survival in patients treated with cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Clinical practice shows significant differences in treatment outcomes across patients treated with cabozantinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). It is not known whether cabozantinib-induced adverse events are predictive factors of survival as in case of drugs such as sunitinib or axitinib. The study participants were 30 adult patients with mRCC treated with cabozantinib as a second- or further line setting.

Contemporary treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma is the 14th most common cancer worldwide. It is a heterogeneous group of histopathological entities, of which the most common is clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Approximately 20-30% of patients present initially with metastatic disease and an additional 20% will progress after radical surgical treatment.

Testicular teratomas: a growing problem?

Testicular teratomas represent a specific entity within the group of germ-cell tumours. They may comprise elements of all three germ layers. In contrast to prepubertal benign teratomas observed in infants and adolescents, postpubertal teratomas originate from the malignant germ-cell precursor.

Chemotherapy-Induced Takotsubo Syndrome.

Cardiovascular complications are a significant problem in systemically treated cancer patients. One such complication is Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, also known as Takotsubo syndrome. It is most frequently defined as a sudden and transient left or right ventricular systolic dysfunction; mimicking acute coronary syndrome, but without the associated changes in coronary arteries.

Olaparib combined with abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

Background: Patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and homologous recombination repair (HRR) mutations have a better response to treatment with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib than patients without HRR mutations. Preclinical data suggest synergy between olaparib and androgen pathway inhibitors. We aimed to assess the efficacy of olaparib plus the androgen pathway inhibitor abiraterone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer regardless of HRR mutation status.

Serous Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix, an Extremely Rare Aggressive Entity: A Literature Review.

Background/aims: Serous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (USCC) is an extremely rare subtype. To establish the treatment strategy in patients with USCC is an important issue.

Methods: MEDLINE (PubMed) was searched for all articles published after the first publication by Lurie et al.

Radiotherapy in testicular germ cell tumours - a literature review.

Testicular germ cell tumours (GCT) represent about 1-2% of malignant in men. The essential therapeutic option for early-stage GCT is radical orchiectomy (RO), except in situations that require immediate chemotherapy in patients with a massive dissemination and unequivocally elevated levels of tumour markers. Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with testicular seminoma in Clinical Stage I (CS I) is one of the treatment options next to active surveillance (AS) and chemotherapy (CHTH).

Three-year Safety of Radium-223 Dichloride in Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer and Symptomatic Bone Metastases from Phase 3 Randomized Alpharadin in Symptomatic Prostate Cancer Trial.

Background: In Alpharadin in Symptomatic Prostate Cancer (ALSYMPCA) trial, radium-223 versus placebo prolonged overall survival with favorable safety in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with symptomatic bone metastases. Long-term radium-223 monitoring underlies a comprehensive safety and risk/benefit assessment.

Objective: To report updated ALSYMPCA safety, including long-term safety up to 3 yr after the first injection.

Clinical significance of androgen secretion disorders in men with a malignancy.

Cancer and its treatment can lead in men to testosterone deficiency, accompanied by somatic and mental symptoms. Germ cell tumours and their treatment may disturb the pituitary-gonadal axis, hence leading to significant clinical abnormalities. In some prostate cancer patients, castration, temporary or permanent, is a desired therapeutic condition.

Dynamics of hormonal disorders following unilateral orchiectomy for a testicular tumor.

Testicular tumors and their treatment interfere with homeostasis, hormonal status included. The aim of the study was to evaluate hormonal disorders of the pituitary-gonadal axis in men treated for testicular tumors. One hundred twenty-eight men treated for a unilateral testicular tumor at our institution were included.

Association of Survival Benefit With Docetaxel in Prostate Cancer and Total Number of Cycles Administered: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Mainsail Study.

Importance: The optimal total number of docetaxel cycles in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCPRC) has not been investigated yet. It is unknown whether it is beneficial for patients to continue treatment upon 6 cycles.

Objective: To investigate whether the number of docetaxel cycles administered to patients deriving clinical benefit was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in a post hoc analysis of the Mainsail trial.