Association between cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular drug therapy, and in-hospital outcomes in patients with COVID-19: data from a large single-center registry in Poland.

Background: The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) recently became one of the leading causes of death worldwide, similar to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Coexisting CVD may influence the prognosis of patients with COVID-19.

Aims: We analyzed the impact of CVD and the use of cardiovascular drugs on the in-hospital course and mortality of patients with COVID-19.

Stability of ABR Wave V Threshold in Early Hearing Diagnostics in Children from Selected Groups at Risk of Congenital Hearing Loss.

<b>Introduction:</b> Upon hearing that the "little" patient has trouble with hearing, we are mostly interested in the level of his hearing threshold. When the child is in the first year of life, results can only be achieved by means of ABR test. Subsequent control tests, especially in children from the hearing loss risk groups selected in this study, show that the obtained outcomes are subject to fluctuations.

Biomaterials in the Reconstruction of Nasal Septum Perforation.

Introduction: Septal perforations are among the most common craniofacial defects. The causes of septal perforations are varied.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop a septal cartilage implant biomaterial for use in the reconstruction of nasal septal perforations and prepare personalized implants for each patient individually using 3D printing technology.

Inferior nasal turbinate mucosa shrinkage prior to surgery under local anaesthesia.

Introduction And Objectives: Chronic rhinitis-related complaints may result from isolated hypertrophy of the inferior nasal turbinates. If the symptoms persist despite conservative management, turbinoplasty is indicated. However, the nasal mucosa lining the inferior turbinates seems decongested immediately before the surgery performed under local anaesthesia, compared to the examination when the patients were entered for surgery.

[Results of inferior nasal turbinate reduction in old and very old patients with chronic rhinitis].

Background: Symptoms of chronic rhinitis in old and very old populations may result from isolated hyperplasia of nasal inferior turbinates. Turbinoplasty is a possible method of treatment in these individuals. However, preoperative concerns are associated with their poor general condition: tendency to epistaxis, treatment with anticoagulants, hypertension, and less effective healing.

Patterns of Bone Damage in Patients With Chronic Middle Ear Inflammation.

Background: Despite different etiologies, chronic otitis media involves the damaging and restructuring of bone tissue. The inflammatory process destroys elements of the ossicular chain, and bone lesions may appear that allow the development of otogenous complications.

Aims/objectives: A correlation between the degree of damage to the ossicular chain as well as the bony walls of the middle ear and the type of chronic inflammatory lesions was sought.

Exacerbations of Chronic Rhinosinusitis-Microbiology and Perspectives of Phage Therapy.

The chronically inflamed mucosa in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can additionally be infected by bacteria, which results in an acute exacerbation of the disease (AECRS). Currently, AECRS is universally treated with antibiotics following the guidelines for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS), as our understanding of its microbiology is insufficient to establish specific treatment recommendations. Unfortunately, antibiotics frequently fail to control the symptoms of AECRS due to biofilm formation, disruption of the natural microbiota, and arising antibiotic resistance.

Carhart Notch-A Prognostic Factor in Surgery for Otosclerosis.

Objective: Otosclerosis is an underlying disease of the bony labyrinth. This disorder, occurring only within the area of a person's temporal bone, is characterized by a progressive hearing loss and tinnitus.

Material And Methods: The study looked for the answer to the question of whether the presence or absence of Carhart notch in the presurgical tonal audiogram affects the final outcome of the otosclerosis surgery.

Chronic Otitis Media with Granulation Is a Poor Prognostic Factor for Hearing Improvement and Development of Intracranial Complications.

Objectives: Different types of chronic otitis media are distinguished based on the observed lesions in the middle ear mucous. Hearing improvement is a measurable effect of the surgical treatment of patients with chronic otitis media. Chronic cholesteatoma otitis media and chronic otitis media with inflammatory granulation have a tendency to damage the bone tissue, leading to the development of intratemporal and intracranial complications.

Analysis of diagnostic-therapeutic results after the first year of life in children of hearing disturbance risk groups.

Introduction: It is assumed that the critical period for diagnosis of hearing disorders is the baby's first three months of life and that appropriate course and implementation of treatment and/or rehabilitation should begin before a child is six months old. However various kinds of problems may occur during auditory screening of a child may exceed this interval.

Aim: The aim of this study was an evaluation of auditory screening results for children over 12 months old with congenital hearing loss.

Double tinnitus in a single ear.

Objective: To search for distinctive clinical features of patients with double tinnitus in a single ear. Design retrospective: Study sample: Six hundred and fourteen tinnitus patients were interviewed using a detailed questionnaire. They underwent thorough audiological evaluation.

[Interdisciplinary surgical and prosthetic treatment of adenocarcinoma of the palate].

Introduction: The palatal mucosa requires careful testing prior to prosthetic treatment. Pathological changes may occur during the period of use of a dental prosthetic, especially when worn constantly. Aim of the report: We describe the case of a patient who experienced extensive changes in the mucosa of the hard palate over 12 years of dentures used.

Can phage therapy solve the problem of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis?

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects 5-15% of the global population. In some patients, the infectious exacerbations of the disease are recalcitrant to medical treatment and surgery. These cases are probably associated with the presence of bacterial biofilms.

Paediatric otitis media with effusion is connected to deficits in music perception.

Purpose: This study tested the hypothesis that children with otitis media with effusion (OME) attending a primary school are at risk of impairment of their musical skills. OME is characterized as an inflammation with accumulation of secretion in the tympanic cavity, leading to conductive hearing loss.

Method: Perception of music in children is assessed using the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Music Abilities (MBEMA).

The Balloon-Based Manometry Evaluation of Swallowing in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

The aim of the study was to analyse the disturbances of the oro-pharyngeal swallowing phase of dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with the use of specific manometric measurements and to evaluate their plausible association with the duration of the disease. Seventeen patients with ALS were evaluated with manometric examinations of the oral and pharyngeal part of the gastrointestinal tract. Tests were carried out by using the oesophageal balloon-based method with four balloon transducers located 5 cm away from each other.

Comparison of characteristics observed in tinnitus patients with unilateral vs bilateral symptoms, with both normal hearing threshold and distortion-product otoacoustic emissions.

Conclusion: Tinnitus characteristics in normal-hearing patients differ between the groups with unilateral and bilateral complaints.

Objectives: The study was to determine the differences between tinnitus characteristics observed in patients with unilateral vs bilateral symptoms and normal hearing threshold, as well as normal results of distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs).

Method: The patients answered questions concerning tinnitus duration, laterality, character, accompanying symptoms, and circumstances of onset.

Analysis of difficulties occurring during the early auditory screening in children.

Introduction: It is assumed that the critical period for diagnosis of hearing disorders is the baby's first three months of life and that appropriate course and implementation of treatment and/or rehabilitation should begin before a child is six months old. However various kinds of problems may occur during auditory screening of a child may exceed this interval. This problem is particularly pronounced among children with development and health problems and leads to unreliable and varied results.

Adult tonsillectomy: postoperative pain depends on indications.

Introduction: Intense pain is one of the most important postoperative complaints after tonsillectomy. It is often described by patients as comparable to the pain that accompanies an acute tonsillitis. Although recurrent tonsillitis is the most frequent indication for surgery, many tonsillectomies are performed due to other indications and these patients may be unfamiliar with such pain.

Staphylococcus epidermidis and biofilm-associated neutrophils in chronic rhinosinusitis. A pilot study.

A key role of bacterial biofilm in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is commonly accepted. However, the impact of some bacterial species isolated from inflamed sinus mucosa on biofilm formation is unclear. In particular, the role of Staphylococcus epidermidis as aetiological agents of CRS is controversial.

Effectiveness of Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate and Autovaccines Against Upper Respiratory Tract Bacterial Colonization by Potential Pathogens: A Randomized Study.

Background: Polyvalent bacterial lysate (PBL) is an oral immunostimulating vaccine consisting of bacterial standardized lysates obtained by lysis of different strains of bacteria. Autovaccines are individually prepared based on the results of smears obtained from the patient. Both types of vaccine can be used to treat an ongoing chronic infection.

Postoperative bone conduction threshold changes in patients operated on for chronic otitis media--analysis.

Background: Postoperative hearing improvement is measured as Air-Bone gap changes. Changes in bone conduction threasholds as a results of otosurgery is also discussed.

Aim: We discuss factors that have influence on bone conduction threasholds changes in individuals operated due to chronic otitis media.

Determinants of Change in Air-Bone Gap and Bone Conduction in Patients Operated on for Chronic Otitis Media.

Background: Middle ear surgery aims to eliminate pathology from the middle ear, improve drainage and ventilation of the postoperative cavity, and reconstruct the tympanic membrane and ossicles. The aim of this work is to define the factors that affect ABG (air-bone gap) and bone conduction in the patients operated on due to chronic otitis media.

Material And Methods: A prospective analysis of patients operated on due to diseases of the middle ear during 2009-2012 was carried out.

Aspirin provocation increases 8-iso-PGE2 in exhaled breath condensate of aspirin-hypersensitive asthmatics.

Background: Isoprostanes are bioactive compounds formed by non-enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, mostly arachidonic, and markers of free radical generation during inflammation. In aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), asthmatic symptoms are precipitated by ingestion of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs capable for pharmacologic inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 isoenzyme. We investigated whether aspirin-provoked bronchoconstriction is accompanied by changes of isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate (EBC).

The Evaluation of Abnormal Voice Qualities in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Objective: Voice abnormalities are among the symptoms occurring in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). They are divergent and range from hoarseness, through the excessive adduction of false folds, up to the weakness of the vocal folds. The aim of the study was to analyze the phonatory function of the larynx in ALS patients.