Removal of leads broken during extraction: A comparison of different approaches and tools.

Background: Extraction of a broken lead fragment (BLF) has received scant attention in the literature.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was to compare the effectiveness of different approaches and tools used for BLF removal during 127 procedures.

Results: A superior approach was the most popular (75.

Extraction of His Bundle Pacing Lead: More Difficult than Coronary Sinus Lead Extraction: An Analysis of 3897 Lead Extraction Procedures Including 27 His and 253 Coronary Sinus Lead Removals.

Background: Experience with the transvenous extraction of leads used for His bundle pacing (HBP) is limited.

Methods: Analysis of 3897 extractions including 27 HBP and 253 LVP (left ventricular pacing) leads.

Results: The main reason for HBP lead extraction was lead failure (59.

Leads with the Cut Proximal Ends Migrated into the Heart and Vasculature: A Rare Phenomenon among 3847 Lead Extraction Procedures.

: The study aimed to describe the phenomenon of leads migrated (MPLE) into the cardiovascular system (CVS). : Retrospective analysis of 3847 transvenous lead extractions (TLE). : Over a 17-year period, 72 (1.

Lead Break during Extraction: Predisposing Factors and Impact on Procedure Complexity and Outcome: Analysis of 3825 Procedures.

: Currently, there are no reports describing lead break (LB) during transvenous lead extraction (TLE). : This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 3825 consecutive TLEs using mechanical sheaths. : Fracture of the lead, defined as LB, with a long lead fragment (LF) occurred in 2.

Analysis of 1051 ICD Leads Extractions in Search of Factors Affecting Procedure Difficulty and Complications: Number of Coils, Tip Fixation and Position-Does It Matter?

: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) leads are considered a risk factor for major complications (MC) during transvenous lead extraction (TLE). : We analyzed 3878 TLE procedures (including 1051 ICD lead extractions). : In patients with ICD lead removal, implant duration was almost half as long (69.

Multilevel Venous Obstruction in Patients with Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices.

: The nature of multilevel lead-related venous stenosis/occlusion (MLVSO) and its influence on transvenous lead extraction (TLE) as well as long-term survival remains poorly understood. : A total of 3002 venograms obtained before a TLE were analyzed to identify the risk factors for MLVSO, as well as the procedure effectiveness and long-term survival. : An older patient age at the first system implantation (OR = 1.

VDD Lead Extraction-Differences with Other Leads and Practical Tips in Management.

VDD (atrial sensing, ventricular sensing/pacing) leads are relatively rarely implanted; therefore, experience in their extraction is very limited. We aimed to investigate whether VDD lead removal may be a risk factor for the increased complexity of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) or major complications. We retrospectively analyzed 3808 TLE procedures (including 103 patients with VDD leads).

Pacemaker leads as a potential source of problems in patients who might need a central venous access port.

Background: Lead-dependent venous occlusion may impede the insertion of a central venous access device (CVAD). The aim of this retrospective, cohort study was to assess the chance of implantation of CVAD in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs).

Methods: We reviewed and analyzed 3,075 venograms of patients with CIEDs undergoing transvenous lead extraction (TLE) between June 2008 and July 2021.

Efficacy and Safety of Transvenous Lead Extraction at the Time of Upgrade from Pacemakers to Cardioverter-Defibrillators and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.

Background: Upgrading from pacemakers to ICDs and CRTs is a difficult procedure, and often, transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is necessary for venous access. TLE is considered riskier in patients with multiple diseases. We aimed to assess the complexity, risk, and outcome of TLE among CRT and ICD candidates.

Transvenous Lead Extraction in Pediatric Patients - Is It the Same Procedure in Children as in Adults?

Background: Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are very rare in the pediatric population. In children with CIED, transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is often necessary. The course and effects of TLE in children are different than in adults.

How does a CIED presence influence chances and safety of haemodialysis access? Conclusions from over 3000 thoracic venografies.

Unlabelled: Patients requiring temporal or permanent catheter or arterio-venous fistula (AVF) for haemodialysis may be in challenging situation, if they are cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED) carriers.

Materials And Methods: The authors analysed preoperative venogrphies of 3100 patients referred for transvenous lead extraction for a possible chance of safe haemodialysis catheter (HC) implantation or proper AVF function.

Results: A chance of safe catheter implantation parallel to existing leads reaches 68.

"Ghost", a Well-Known but Not Fully Explained Echocardiographic Finding during Transvenous Lead Extraction: Clinical Significance.

Unlabelled: "Ghosts" are fibrinous remnants that become visible during transvenous lead extraction (TLE).

Methods: Data from transoesophageal echocardiography-guided TLE procedures performed in 1103 patients were analysed to identify predisposing risk factors for the development of so-called disappearing ghosts-flying ghosts (FG), or attached to the cardiovascular wall-stable ghosts (SG), and to find out whether the presence of ghosts affected patient prognosis after TLE.

Results: Ghosts were detected in 44.

Cardiac tamponade as an inherent but potentially nonfatal complication of transvenous lead extraction: Experience with 1126 procedures performed using mechanical tools.

Introduction: Cardiac tamponade (CT) is one of the most common and dangerous complications of transvenous lead extraction (TLE). So far, however, there has been little discussion about the problem.

Methods: We analyzed the occurrence of CT in a group of 1226 patients undergoing TLE at a single reference center between June, 2015 and February, 2021.

Severity and Extent of Lead-Related Venous Obstruction in More Than 3000 Patients Undergoing Transvenous Lead Extraction.

Background: Lead-related venous stenosis/obstruction (LRVSO) may be a major challenge in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) when device upgrade, insertion of central lines, or creation of an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis is indicated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent and severity of LRVSO.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 3002 venograms from patients awaiting transvenous lead extraction (TLE) to assess the occurrence, severity, and extent of LRVSO.

Disparities in transvenous lead extraction in young adults.

Adults with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) implanted at an early age constitute a specific group of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction (TLE). The aim of this study is to assess safety and effectiveness of TLE in young adults. A comparative analysis of two groups of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction was performed: 126 adults who were 19-29 years old at their first CIED implantation (early adulthood) and 2659 adults who were > 40 years of age at first CIED implantation and < 80 years of age at the time of TLE (middle-age/older adulthood).

Safety and Effectiveness of Transvenous Lead Extraction in Patients with Infected Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices; Is It More Risky than Extraction of Other Systems?

Background: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices is considered as more risky. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of TLE in patients with infected CRT systems. Methods: Data of 3468 patients undergoing TLE in a single high-volume center in years 2006−2021 were analyzed.

Risk Factors for Lead-Related Venous Obstruction: A Study of 2909 Candidates for Lead Extraction.

Background: our knowledge of lead-related venous stenosis/occlusion (LRVSO) remains limited and there is still controversy regarding the risk factors for LRVSO. Venography is mandatory before transvenous lead extraction (TLE).

Methods: we performed a retrospective analysis of venograms in 2909 patients (39.

A Study of Major and Minor Complications of 1500 Transvenous Lead Extraction Procedures Performed with Optimal Safety at Two High-Volume Referral Centers.

Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is the preferred management strategy for complications related to cardiac implantable electronic devices. TLE sometimes can cause serious complications. Outcomes of TLE procedures using non-powered mechanical sheaths were analyzed in 1500 patients (mean age 68.

The Influence of Lead-Related Venous Obstruction on the Complexity and Outcomes of Transvenous Lead Extraction.

Background: Little is known about lead-related venous stenosis/occlusion (LRVSO), and the influence of LRVSO on the complexity and outcomes of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is debated in the literature.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of venograms from 2909 patients who underwent TLE between 2008 and 2021 at a high-volume center.

Results: Advanced LRVSO was more common in elderly men with a high Charlson comorbidity index.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Major Complications of 1500 Transvenous Lead Extraction Procedures with Especial Attention to Tricuspid Valve Damage.

Background: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is a relatively safe procedure, but it may cause severe complications such as cardiac/vascular wall tear (CVWT) and tricuspid valve damage (TVD).

Methods: The risk factors for CVWT and TVD were examined based on an analysis of data of 1500 extraction procedures performed in two high-volume centers.

Results: The total number of major complications was 33 (2.

Transvenous Lead Extraction without Procedure-Related Deaths in 1000 Consecutive Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is now a first-line technique for the treatment of complications related to cardiac implantable electronic devices. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that it is possible to safely perform difficult TLE procedures with a maximum reduction of peri-procedural major complications.

Methods: A total of 1000 consecutive patients undergoing TLE in a single high-volume center from 2016 to 2019 were studied.

Transesophageal Echocardiography As a Monitoring Tool During Transvenous Lead Extraction-Does It Improve Procedure Effectiveness?

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a valuable tool for monitoring the patient during transvenous lead extraction (TLE), but the direct impact of TEE on the effectiveness and safety of TLE has not yet been documented.

Methods: The effectiveness of TLE and short-term survival were compared between two groups of patients: 2106 patients in whom TEE was performed before and after TLE and 1079 individuals in whom continuous TEE monitoring was used. The procedure-related risk of major complications was assessed using a predictive SAFeTY TLE score.

A new approach to the continuous monitoring of transvenous lead extraction using transesophageal echocardiography-Analysis of 936 procedures.

Aims: The usefulness of transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) monitoring for transvenous lead extraction (TLE) procedures is still controversial. The purpose of the current study was to present new TEE values in detecting invisible events in fluoroscopy and preventing the development of dangerous complications.

Methods: From 2015 to 2019, a total of 1026 procedures were performed in single TLE center.