Multiple colon perforation as a fatal complication during treatment of metastatic melanoma with ipilimumab - case report.

Ipilimumab, an anticancer drug, is an anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibody. It is used in treatment of disseminated melanoma. Therapy is associated with high risk of complications.

Protective stomy as a complement to anterior rectal resection. Analysis of authors' material and literature review.

Unlabelled: Anastomotic leak after anterior rectal resection for cancer is one of the most dangerous complications of the procedure. Protective stomy is a way to avoid life-threatening consequences of this complication. The procedure is still under evaluation.

[Surgical treatment of megacolon--case report].

Megacolon is a state of pathological extension of the large bowel. In this paper diagnostic process and both: conservative and operative treatment of 76 years old female patient suffering from megacolon were described. The main causes of the disease were probably in this patient: chronic constipation, diabetes, and cardiovascular problems.

Pneumoperitoneum after diving--two clinical cases and literature review.

Pneumoperitoneum after diving is a rare symptom. Diagnosis and treatment strongly depends on the primary source of the air in the abdominal cavity. There are two main sources of air entering the perineum: perforation of the gastrointestinal tract and pulmonary barotrauma.