Immigration of medical personnel from Ukraine to Poland - Context, regulations, and trends.

Background: The migration of healthcare professionals is common phenomenon and shows upwards trends. Poland, which used to be a source country with marginal immigration, has in the past few years received more immigrants due to the simplified access to the labour market for professionals from outside the European Union. We aimed to analyse the immigration of healthcare workforce to Poland with an emphasis on legislative changes regarding the right to practice of medical personnel from outside the EU (mainly from Ukraine).

Does the Administration of Intravenous Fluid Matter in the Context of the Incidence of Postoperative Complications After Radical Cystectomy?

Intravenous fluid management is integral to perioperative care, particularly under enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. In radical cystectomy (RC), which carries high risks of complications and mortality, optimizing fluid management poses a significant challenge due to the absence of definitive guidelines. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intravenous fluid administration on postoperative complications in patients undergoing RC.

Long-term follow-up of cataract surgery in eyes filled with silicone oil.

Aim: To evaluate the refractive and long-term outcome of eyes filled with silicone oil (SO) undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS).

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients with SO tamponade who were scheduled for PCS.

Results: Subjects (=26) were followed for 29.

Complications of cataract surgery in eyes filled with silicone oil.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate complications of cataract surgery in eyes filled with silicone oil.

Methods: This retrospective, noncomparative, consecutive case series analyzed medical files of patients with eyes filled with silicone oil undergoing cataract surgery. Phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was conducted with or without concurrent silicone oil removal.

Enzymatic vitreolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for vitreomacular traction.

Aims: The aim of our research was to gain data about the efficacy of intravitreal injections of a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rTPA) in dissolving vitreoretinal tractions (VRTs).

Materials And Methods: The study group consisted of patients of our Ophthalmology Clinic who had received an injection of rTPA (TPA Group) for an existent vitreomacular traction confirmed by optical coherence tomography and stereoscopic examinations. The control group consisted of patients who had declined treatment despite the existence of a vitreomacular traction confirmed by the same diagnostic methods.

[Orbital pseudotumor due to Ormond's disease].

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is characterized by the presence of a fibro-inflammatory tissue, which usually surrounds the abdominal aorta and the iliac arteries and extends into the retroperitoneum. Up to 15% of patients have additional fibrotic processes outside the retroperitoneum. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is generally idiopathic, but can also be secondary to the use of certain drugs, malignant diseases, infections and surgery.

[Interleukin-12, vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the process of neoangiogenesis of diabetic retinopathy in children].

Purpose: Neoangiogenesis is a complex process, in which crucial role seems to be played by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and Interleukin-12 (IL-12). Therefore it appeared to be worth of analysis to investigate the relation between IL-12, VEGF, TNF-alpha and the clinical course of the disease in children with Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (DM1).

Material And Methods: One hundred and twenty six children in age 14.

[The assessment of the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), glycaemic control (HbA1c) and the development of the diabetic retinopathy in children with diabetes mellitus type 1].

The aim of the work is to assess the correlation between HbA1c, VEGF, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and the development of diabetic retinopathy in children diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1. One hundred fourty nine children with long-standing diabetes mellitus type 1 were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two subgroups: children with retinopathy (Group 1; n=28) and children without retinopathy (Group 2, n=121).

The role of vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 in pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between early diabetic retinopathy and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in children with diabetes mellitus type 1. Two hundred and two children with diabetes mellitus type 1 aged 13.2+/-3.

Serum TNF-alpha level predicts nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in children.

The aim of this study was identification of the immunologic markers of the damage to the eye apparatus at early stages of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 children. One hundred and eleven children with DM type 1 were divided into two groups: those with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and without retinopathy. All the children had their daily urine albumin excretion, HbA1c, C-peptide measured, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring, and ophthalmologic examination.

[Interleukin 12 as an anti-angiogenic mediator in type 1 diabetic children].

Unlabelled: The objective of the study was to analyse levels IL-12 and to relate the findings to the clinical course of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1).

Material And Methods: We examined a group of 102 children with DM1 and 39 healthy children (as the control). All the children with DM1 had their daily urine albumin excretion, HbA1c, C-peptide measured, 24hrs blood pressure monitoring and ophthalmologic examination.

[Selected immunologic and biochemical risk factors of the retinopathy and nephropathy development in children with diabetes mellitus type 1].

Introduction: Despite that numerous investigations on the nature of diabetic microangiopathy were carried out, its pathomechanism remains unclear.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between early diabetic microangiopathy and the proinflammatory cytokines, NAG and its A and B isoforms in blood and urine in children diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out on the group of 56 children with diabetes mellitus 1 (age 13.

The activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha at early stage of diabetic retinopathy development in type 1 diabetes mellitus children.

Objective: The assessment of the clinical significance of TNF-alpha, IL-10 and NAG with its A and B isoforms concentrations in children with DM type 1 for the detection of early stages of both diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy.

Patients And Methods: One hundred and two children with DM type 1 and 35 healthy controls were analyzed. Levels of TNF-alpha, IL10 and total NAG enzyme activity with its A and B isoforms were measured in serum and urine of all participants.

[Advantage of using echography for optic nerve head estimation of glaucoma patients].

Purpose: To evaluate the possibility and advantages of using echography for optic nerve head estimation of glaucoma patients.

Material And Methods: 146 patients (146 eyes) - group A and 20 glaucoma patients (24 eyes)- group B underwent ultrasound investigation. On B - scan the optic nerve head was evaluated with the help of 10 MHz probe.

[Orbital tumors in the material of Department of Ophthalmology of Medical University of Gdańsk in years 1991-2002].

Purpose: Aim of the study was to determine the types and frequency of orbital tumors and to assess the method of treatment relevant to patient, orbital and tumor data.

Material And Methods: Current classification of orbital tumors is presented. The retrospective analysis of 127 patients with orbital tumor treated in the Ophthalmology Clinic in Gdańsk in years 1991-2002 was carried out.

[Retinal hemorrhages as a case for shaking trauma. Case report].

An interesting shaking trauma case was reported. A detailed analysis of the pattern of injuries and their progress allowed to reconstruct the mechanism and time point of cerebral lesions in a 6 week old infant who survived the impact. The necessity of postmortem investigation of the fundus and cranial nerves in fatal cases of shaking trauma is stressed.