Recycling of Industrial Waste as Soil Binding Additives-Effects on Soil Mechanical and Hydraulic Properties during Its Stabilisation before Road Construction.

To improve the in situ soil stabilization, different chemical additives are used (ion exchange compounds, additives based on HSO or vinyl polymers, and organic additives using lignosulfonates). One interesting alternative is the production of additives from various waste materials. The extensive testing of waste-based blends with soil was performed; the mechanical (unconfined compressive strength (UCS)) and hydraulic (capillary rise, water absorption, and frost resistance (FR)) soil properties were measured.

Exploring synergistic effects in physical-chemical activation of Acorus calamus for water treatment solutions.

The research proposed a novel method of obtaining sorption material from readily available Acorus calamus biomass through a combination of physical and chemical activation processes. The material with the highest specific surface area (1652 m g) was obtained by physical activation with CO, followed by chemical activation with KOH. Reversing the order of activation methods resulted in a lower specific surface area (1014 m g) of the carbon sample.

Comparison of the Efficiency of Hetero- and Homogeneous Catalysts in Cellulose Liquefaction.

Biomass liquefaction is a well-known and extensively described process. Hydrothermal processes are well understood and can be used in the fuel industry. The use of organic solvents can result in full-fledged products for use in the synthesis of polyurethanes.

Conversion of waste biomass to designed and tailored activated chars with valuable properties for adsorption and electrochemical applications.

Waste biomass, a renewable energy source, is inexpensive material that has great potential in sorption and electrochemical application. The selected waste materials (corncobs, coconut shells, walnuts, and pistachio husks) allow to close the production cycle and enable material recycling, which are important aspects in the hierarchy of waste management. The proposed methodology for production and activation of biochars can be used industrially due to highly porous structure, developed surface area, and sorption ability of the obtained activated carbons (AC).

Pyrolysis and Torrefaction-Thermal Treatment of Creosote-Impregnated Railroad Ties as a Method of Utilization.

A fundamental issue of waste management and the rail transport industry is the problem of utilizing used railroad ties. Wooden railroad ties are treated with a preservative, usually creosote. Due to their high toxicity, railroad ties are considered hazardous waste and must be utilized under various directives.

The role of additives in improving the flammability and calorific value of leather shavings and the binding of chromium compounds in ash.

Leather processing companies are struggling with the problem of increasing costs of post-production waste disposal. Therefore, the issue of thermal waste disposal at the plant and the use of generated heat in the production process is becoming more and more popular. Leather waste on its own does not allow for autothermal combustion despite the sufficient higher heating value (HHV).

The Course and the Effects of Agricultural Biomass Pyrolysis in the Production of High-Calorific Biochar.

The thermal pyrolysis of agriculture biomass has been studied in a fixed-bed reactor, where the pyrolysis was conducted at a steady temperature of 800 °C. This work analyses the pyrolysis products of six agricultural wastes: pistachio husks, walnut husks, sunflower hulls, buckwheat husks, corncobs and coconut shells. The conducted research compared examples of large waste biomass streams from different parts of the world as a potential source of renewable energy.

Pyrolysis of Pruning Residues from Various Types of Orchards and Pretreatment for Energetic Use of Biochar.

The routine pruning and cutting of fruit trees provides a considerable amount of biowaste each year. This lignocellulosic biomass, mainly in the form of branches, trunks, rootstocks, and leaves, is a potential high-quality fuel, yet often is treated as waste. The results of a feasibility study on biochar production by pyrolysis of residues from orchard pruning were presented.

Chestnut-Derived Activated Carbon as a Prospective Material for Energy Storage.

In this work, we present the preparation and characterization of biomass-derived activated carbon (AC) in view of its application as electrode material for electrochemical capacitors. Porous carbons are prepared by pyrolysis of chestnut seeds and subsequent activation of the obtained biochar. We investigate here two activation methods, namely, physical by CO and chemical using KOH.

Waste Rubber Pyrolysis: Product Yields and Limonene Concentration.

Tires, conveyor belts, floor mats, and shoe soles form a main-stream of rubber waste. The amount of these used materials continuously increases due to development of the rubber market. Therefore, pro-ecological utilization (i.

Pre-Treatment of Furniture Waste for Smokeless Charcoal Production.

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using furniture waste for smokeless fuel production using the pyrolysis process. Four types of wood-based wastes were used in the pyrolysis process: pine sawdust (PS), chipboard (CB), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and oriented strand board (OSB). Additionally, the slow and fast types of pyrolysis were compared, where the heating rates were 15 °C/min and 100 °C/min, respectively.

Activated Carbon Produced by Pyrolysis of Waste Wood and Straw for Potential Wastewater Adsorption.

Pyrolysis of straw pellets and wood strips was performed in a fixed bed reactor. The chars, solid products of thermal degradation, were used as potential materials for activated carbon production. Chemical and physical activation processes were used to compare properties of the products.

Waste Tyres Pyrolysis for Obtaining Limonene.

This review deals with the technologies of limonene production from waste tyre pyrolysis. Thermal decomposition is attractive for tackling the waste tyre disposal problem, as it enables both: energy to be recovered and limonene to be obtained. This material management recycling of tyres is environmentally more beneficial than the burning of all valuable products, including limonene.

Post-Pyrolytic Carbon as a Phase Change Materials (PCMs) Carrier for Application in Building Materials.

This article covers new application for char as a carrier of phase-change materials (PCM) that could be used as an additive to building materials. Being composed of bio-char and PCM, the granulate successfully competes with more expensive commercial materials of this type, such as Micronal PCM. As a PCM carrier, char that was obtained from the pyrolysis of chestnut fruit (Aesculus hippocastanum) with different absorbances of the model phase-change material, Rubitherm RT22, was tested.