An integrative analysis of cell-specific transcriptomics and nuclear proteomics of sleep-deprived mouse cerebral cortex.

Sleep regulation follows a homeostatic pattern. The mammalian cerebral cortex is the repository of homeostatic sleep drive and neurons and astrocytes of the cortex are principal responders of sleep need. The molecular mechanisms by which these two cell types respond to sleep loss are not yet clearly understood.

Exploring the Advantages and Techniques of Intraoperative Transcholecystic Methylene Blue Injection in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Introduction With the use of advanced instruments and techniques, the reported incidence of bile duct injury is low; however, the actual frequency might be slightly higher than reported. Most surgeons might encounter bile duct injury or bile duct-related complications in their early training days. Nevertheless, with newer techniques and technologies, cases of bile duct injuries have been mostly observed in open cholecystectomy.

A 3.2 V Binary Layered Oxide Cathode for Potassium-Ion Batteries.

Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) can offer high energy density, cyclability, and operational safety while being economical due to the natural abundance of potassium. Utilizing graphite as an anode, suitable cathodes can realize full cells. Searching for potential cathodes, this work introduces P3-type KNiMnO layered oxide as a potential candidate synthesized by a simple solid-state method.

Role of Co Content on the Electrode Properties of P3-Type KMnCoO Potassium Insertion Materials.

Potassium-ion batteries are widely being pursued as potential candidates for stationary (grid) storage, where energy dense K insertion cathodes are central to economic and energy efficient operation. To develop robust K-based cathodes, it is key to correlate their underlying electronic states to the final electrochemical performance. Here, we report the synthesis and structure-electrochemical property correlation in P3-type KMnCoO binary layered oxide cathodes.

Gallstone-Associated Histopathological Changes in Liver: A Prospective Observational Study.

Aim And Objectives: To assess the effect of gallstone disease on liver parenchyma and the prevalence and extent of liver pathology in cholelithiasis in our population at the Department of General Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science (IGIMS), Patna.

Material And Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted on 100 either-sex patients scheduled for open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In all the patients, laboratory and radiological investigations were performed.

Clinical Profile of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Hospital-Based Study.

Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a new concept and an important area of investigation. In Western country's literature, different studies reported on TNBC and all indicated the poor prognostic aspect of this molecular subtype over other types of breast cancer. However, there is a scarcity of comprehensive data from India.

Phosphorus distribution in the water and sediments of the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers, Uttar Pradesh, India: insights into pollution sources, bioavailability, and eutrophication implications.

River nutrient enrichment is a significant issue, and researchers worldwide are concerned about phosphorus. The physicochemical characteristics and phosphorus (P) fractions of 36 sediment and water samples from the Ganga (Kanpur, Prayagraj, Varanasi) and Yamuna (Mathura, Agra, Prayagraj) rivers were examined. Among the physicochemical parameters, pH exceeded the permissible limit in Ganga and Yamuna River water and sediment samples.

SlumberNet: deep learning classification of sleep stages using residual neural networks.

Sleep research is fundamental to understanding health and well-being, as proper sleep is essential for maintaining optimal physiological function. Here we present SlumberNet, a novel deep learning model based on residual network (ResNet) architecture, designed to classify sleep states in mice using electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals. Our model was trained and tested on data from mice undergoing baseline sleep, sleep deprivation, and recovery sleep, enabling it to handle a wide range of sleep conditions.

Evaluation of P3-Type Layered Oxides as K-Ion Battery Cathodes.

Given the increasing energy storage demands and limited natural resources of Li, K-ion batteries (KIBs) could be promising next-generation systems having natural abundance, similar chemistry, and energy density. Here, we have investigated the P3-type KTMO (where TM = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, or Ni) systems using density functional theory calculations as potential positive intercalation electrodes (or cathodes) for KIBs. Specifically, we have identified ground-state configurations and calculated the average topotactic voltages, electronic structures, on-site magnetic moments, and thermodynamic stabilities of all P3-KTMO compositions and their corresponding depotassiated P3-TMO frameworks.

Orexin and MCH neurons: regulators of sleep and metabolism.

Sleep-wake and fasting-feeding are tightly coupled behavioral states that require coordination between several brain regions. The mammalian lateral hypothalamus (LH) is a functionally and anatomically complex brain region harboring heterogeneous cell populations that regulate sleep, feeding, and energy metabolism. Significant attempts were made to understand the cellular and circuit bases of LH actions.

Comparison of Extended Total Extraperitoneal (E-TEP) Repair and Trans-Abdominal Pre-Peritoneal (TAPP) Mesh Repair in Inguinal Hernia Repair.

Background And Aim: To find the superiority of extended total extraperitoneal (E-TEP) repair and trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) mesh repair in inguinal hernia repair.

Material And Methods: A total of 30 patients with a unilateral or bilateral inguinal hernia (IH), and recurrent IH, following open repair were studied. Out of 30 patients, laparoscopic TAPP or E-TEP mesh repair was performed in an equal number of inguinal hernia patients.

A multi-model forecasting approach for solid waste generation by integrating demographic and socioeconomic factors: a case study of Prayagraj, India.

Projecting municipal solid waste generation and identifying socioeconomic factors affecting waste generation is crucial for integrated waste management strategies. The present research work focuses on the projection of municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in Prayagraj, India, based on demographics and socioeconomic factors, using long short-term memory (LSTM), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), and incremental increase models (IIM). The model was integrated with nine socioeconomic variables to improve accuracy.

First principles investigation of anionic redox in bisulfate lithium battery cathodes.

The search for an alternative high-voltage polyanionic cathode material for Li-ion batteries is vital to improve the energy densities beyond the state-of-the-art, where sulfate frameworks form an important class of high-voltage cathode materials due to the strong inductive effect of the S ion. Here, we have investigated the mechanism of cationic and/or anionic redox in LiM(SO) frameworks (M = Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni and 0 ≤ ≤ 2) using density functional calculations. Specifically, we have used a combination of Hubbard corrected strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN+) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA+) functionals to explore the thermodynamic (polymorph stability), electrochemical (intercalation voltage), geometric (bond lengths), and electronic (band gaps, magnetic moments, charge populations, ) properties of the bisulfate frameworks considered.

Novel Technique of Laparoscopic e-TEP (Extended View Totally Extraperitoneal Repair) for Umbilical Hernia at a Tertiary Care Centre of Eastern India: a Case Series.

The field of abdominal wall hernias has undergone many innovations. Ventral hernias have conventionally been treated by open on-lay mesh hernioplasty, open retromuscular mesh hernioplasty (Rives-Stoppa procedure) and laparoscopic intraperitoneal mesh hernioplasty. To develop an alternative strategy where a mesh is placed in retromuscular space by minimal access technique of the laparoscopic extended view totally extraperitoneal approach (e-TEP).

Single-cell transcriptomics and cell-specific proteomics reveals molecular signatures of sleep.

Every day, we sleep for a third of the day. Sleep is important for cognition, brain waste clearance, metabolism, and immune responses. The molecular mechanisms governing sleep are largely unknown.

Isotopic and hydrogeochemical tracking of dissolved nutrient dynamics in the Brahmaputra River System: A source delineation perspective.

The Brahmaputra river system (BRS) produces the largest discharge in India, supplying water to more than 62 million inhabitants. The present study aims to quantify the environmental elements that affect the spatio-temporal variation of nutrients in the Brahmaputra river system (BRS). The association of physico-chemical characteristics of floodplain sediments with the distribution pattern of P during wet and dry periods in different depths were also studied.

A review of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater and airborne particulates and its use for virus spreading surveillance.

According to the WHO, on October 16, 2020, the spreading of the SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, reached 235 countries and territories, and resulting in more than 39 million confirmed cases and 1.09 million deaths globally. Monitoring of the virus outbreak is one of the main activities pursued to limiting the number of infected people and decreasing the number of deaths that have caused high pressure on the health care, social, and economic systems of different countries.

Rhythmic glucose metabolism regulates the redox circadian clockwork in human red blood cells.

Circadian clocks coordinate mammalian behavior and physiology enabling organisms to anticipate 24-hour cycles. Transcription-translation feedback loops are thought to drive these clocks in most of mammalian cells. However, red blood cells (RBCs), which do not contain a nucleus, and cannot perform transcription or translation, nonetheless exhibit circadian redox rhythms.

Distinct feedback actions of behavioural arousal to the master circadian clock in nocturnal and diurnal mammals.

The master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus provides a temporal pattern of sleep and wake that - like many other behavioural and physiological rhythms - is oppositely phased in nocturnal and diurnal animals. The SCN primarily uses environmental light, perceived through the retina, to synchronize its endogenous circadian rhythms with the exact 24 h light/dark cycle of the outside world. The light responsiveness of the SCN is maximal during the night in both nocturnal and diurnal species.

Making Waves Perspectives of Modelling and Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Aquatic Environment for COVID-19 Pandemic.

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the aquatic environment pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic has been a global concern. Though SARS-CoV-2 is known as a respiratory virus, its detection in faecal matter and wastewater demonstrates its enteric involvement resulting in vulnerable aquatic environment. Here, we provide the latest updates on wastewater-based epidemiology, which is gaining interest in the current situation as a unique tool of surveillance and monitoring of the disease.

Characterization of heavy metal pollution in an anthropogenically and geologically influenced semi-arid region of east India and assessment of ecological and human health risks.

The present study evaluated the heavy metal contamination in groundwater and associated ecological and human health risks of a geologically and anthropogenically diverse semi-arid region of Birbhum district, India. For a reliable evaluation, concentrations of nine heavy metals in 680 groundwater samples (N = 680) which were collected during premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons of consecutive two years from 170 wells were measured. The human health risk assessment using the USEPA model which is based on single value for each parameter may inherit certain inaccuracy and uncertainties in the evaluation.

Pretreatment of Leucaena leucocephala wood by acidified glycerol: optimization, severity index and correlation analysis.

In this study, Leucaena leucocephala wood was pretreated with aqueous glycerol having HSO as the catalyst. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used to optimize the process parameters, catalyst concentration (1-3%), duration (120-300 min) and temperature (100-150 °C). ANN gave more accurate predictions for total reducing sugar yield than RSM.

Sleep Deprivation and Caffeine Treatment Potentiate Photic Resetting of the Master Circadian Clock in a Diurnal Rodent.

Circadian rhythms in nocturnal and diurnal mammals are primarily synchronized to local time by the light/dark cycle. However, nonphotic factors, such as behavioral arousal and metabolic cues, can also phase shift the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCNs) and/or reduce the synchronizing effects of light in nocturnal rodents. In diurnal rodents, the role of arousal or insufficient sleep in these functions is still poorly understood.

Sleep restriction acutely impairs glucose tolerance in rats.

Chronic sleep curtailment in humans has been related to impairment of glucose metabolism. To better understand the underlying mechanisms, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of acute sleep deprivation on glucose tolerance in rats. A group of rats was challenged by 4-h sleep deprivation in the early rest period, leading to prolonged (16 h) wakefulness.